Shallum

Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible

Shallum , an inhabitant of Jabesh, was nominally king of Israel for one month in the period of anarchy which preceded the extinction of the nation. As he assassinated his predecessor Zechariah, so in turn he was ‘removed’ by his successor Menahem (  2 Kings 15:10 ff.).

H. P. Smith.

SHALLUM . 1 . See preced. article, 2 . See Jehoahaz, 2 . 3 . The husband (or son, LXX [Note: Septuagint.] in 2Kings) of Huldah (  2 Kings 22:14 ,   2 Chronicles 34:22 ). 4 . A Judahite (  1 Chronicles 2:40 f.). 5 . A descendant of Simeon (  1 Chronicles 4:25 ). 6 . A high priest (  1 Chronicles 6:12-13;   Ezra 7:2 = Salem of 1E  Esther 8:1 and Salemas of 2E  Esther 1:1 ). 7 . A son of Naphtali (  1 Chronicles 7:13 ), called in   Genesis 46:24 and   Numbers 26:49 Shillem , with the gentilic name Shillemites (  Numbers 26:49 ). 8 . The eponym of a family of gatekeepers (  1 Chronicles 9:17 bis ,   Ezra 2:42 =   Nehemiah 7:45 ); called in 1Es 5:23 Salum , and (possibly) in   Nehemiah 12:25 Meshullam. 9 . A Korahite gatekeeper (  1 Chronicles 9:19;   1 Chronicles 9:31 ), called in 26:1, 2, 3. Meshelemiah , and in 26:14 Shelemiah . It is not at all unlikely that this name should be identified with the preceding. 10 . Father of Jehizkiah, an Ephraimite chief (  2 Chronicles 28:12 ). 11 . One of the porters who had married a foreign wife (  Ezra 10:24 [ 1E  Esther 9:25 Sallumus]). 12 . One of the sons of Bani who had committed the same offence (  Ezra 10:42 [  Esther 9:24  Esther 9:24 Samatus ]). 13 . The son of Hallohesh (  Nehemiah 3:12 ). 14 . The uncle of Jeremiah (  Jeremiah 32:7 ). 15 . Father of Maaseiah (  Jeremiah 35:4 ).

Morrish Bible Dictionary

1. Son of Jabesh: he slew Zachariah king of Israel, and reigned in his stead; but after one month he was killed by Menahem, who succeeded him on the throne.  2 Kings 15:10-15 .

2. Husband of Huldah the prophetess.   2 Kings 22:14;  2 Chronicles 34:22 .

3. Son of Sisamai, a descendant of Judah.   1 Chronicles 2:40,41 .

4. Son of Josiah king of Judah: he succeeded his father, but after a reign of three months he was deposed by Pharaoh-necho, and taken to Egypt, where he died.   1 Chronicles 3:15;  Jeremiah 22:11,12 . He is called Jehoahaz in  2 Kings 23:30-34;  2 Chronicles 36:1-4 . The margin of  1 Chronicles 3:15 identifies Johanan with Jehoahaz, but   Jeremiah 22:11,12 shows it was Shallum who reigned under the name of Jehoahaz. He was evidently not the youngest son, though last on the list.

5. Son of Shaul, a son of Simeon.   1 Chronicles 4:25 .

6. Son of Zadok the priest.   1 Chronicles 6:12,13;  Ezra 7:2 . Probably the same as Meshullam in  Nehemiah 11:11 .

7. Son of Naphtali.   1 Chronicles 7:13 . Called SHILLEMin  Genesis 46:24;  Numbers 26:49 .

8. A Levite gate-keeper of the tabernacle whose descendants returned from exile.   1 Chronicles 9:17;  Ezra 2:42;  Nehemiah 7:45 .

9. Son of Kore: a keeper of the gates of the tabernacle.   1 Chronicles 9:19,31 .

10. Father of Jehizkiah, one of the 'heads' of Ephraim.   2 Chronicles 28:12 .

11,12. Two who had married strange wives.   Ezra 10:24,42 .

13. Son of Halohesh: he repaired the wall of Jerusalem, apparently assisted by his daughters.   Nehemiah 3:12 .

14. Father of Hanameel and uncle of Jeremiah.   Jeremiah 32:7 .

15. Father of Maaseiah.   Jeremiah 35:4 .

Fausset's Bible Dictionary

("retribution".)

1. Son of Jabesh; 15th king of Israel. Smote Zachariah, son of Jeroboam II, openly before the people (Showing That Their Sympathies Were With Him) , and seized the kingdom ( 2 Kings 15:9-10), thereby fulfilling the prophecy that Jehu's dynasty should last only to the fourth generation ( 2 Kings 10:30). Slain after a month's reign by Menahem, illustrating the retributive law ( Matthew 26:52;  Revelation 13:10).

2. The prophetess Huldah's husband ( 2 Kings 22:14); keeper of the priestly vestments ( 2 Chronicles 34:22).

3.  1 Chronicles 2:40-41

4. King Josiah's fourth son in order, according to  1 Chronicles 3:15;  Jeremiah 22:11; by birth third son (See Jehoahaz .)

5.  1 Chronicles 4:25.

6.  Ezra 7:2;  1 Chronicles 6:12-13.

7.  1 Chronicles 7:13; SHILLEM in  Genesis 46:24;  Numbers 25:48-49.

8.  1 Chronicles 9:17;  Ezra 2:42.

9. Son of Kore ( 1 Chronicles 9:19;  1 Chronicles 9:31). From  1 Chronicles 9:18 it seems Shallum, etc., were of higher rank than Shallum, Akkub, etc., who were "for the companies of the sons of Levi."

10.  2 Chronicles 28:12.

11.  Ezra 10:24.

12.  Ezra 10:42.

13. Rebuilt the wall with his daughters ( Nehemiah 3:12).

14. Jeremiah's uncle ( Jeremiah 32:7); perhaps the same as Shallum, Huldah's husband.

15.  Jeremiah 35:4.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Shal'lum. (Retribution).

1. The fifteenth king of Israel, son of Jabesh, who conspired against Zachariah, killed him, and brought the dynasty of Jehu to a close, B.C. 770. Shallum, after reigning in Samaria for a month only, was, in his turn, dethroned and killed by Menahem.  2 Kings 15:10-14.

2. The husband of Huldah, the prophetess,  2 Kings 22:14;  2 Chronicles 34:23, in the reign of Josiah. (B.C. 830).

3. A descendant of Shesham.  1 Chronicles 2:40-41.

4. The third son of Josiah, king of Judah, known in the books of Kings and Chronicles as Jehoahaz.  1 Chronicles 3:15;  Jeremiah 22:11. See Jehoahaz . (B.C. 610).

5. Son of Shaul, the son of Simeon.  1 Chronicles 4:25.

6. A high priest.  1 Chronicles 6:12-13;  Ezra 7:2.

7. A son of Naphtali.  1 Chronicles 7:13.

8. The chief of a family of porters, or gate-keepers, of the east gate of the Temple.  1 Chronicles 9:17. (B.C. 1050).

9. Son of Kore, a Korahite.  1 Chronicles 9:19;  1 Chronicles 9:31.

10. Father of Jehizkiah, an Ephraimite.  2 Chronicles 28:12.

11. One of the porters of the Temple, who had married a foreign wife.  Ezra 10:24.

12. One of the sons of Bani.  Ezra 10:42.

13. The son of Halohesh, and ruler of a district of Jerusalem.  Nehemiah 3:12.

14. The uncle of Jeremiah,  Jeremiah 32:7, perhaps the same as Shallum, 2 .

15. Father, or ancestor, of Maaseiah  Jeremiah 35:4, perhaps the same as Shallum, 9 . (B.C. 630).

Holman Bible Dictionary

 2 Kings 15:10-15 2 Jehoahaz  2 Kings 22:14 4 1 Chronicles 9:31 Ezra 2:42 Nehemiah 7:45 1 Chronicles 26:14 1 Chronicles 9:21 1 Chronicles 26:1-14 1 Chronicles 6:13 Ezra 7:2 6 1 Chronicles 2:40 7 Jeremiah 32:7 8 Jeremiah 35:4 9 1 Chronicles 4:25 10 1 Chronicles 7:13 11 2 Chronicles 28:12 12 Ezra 10:24 13 Ezra 10:42 14 Nehemiah 3:12

Easton's Bible Dictionary

A son of king Josiah ( 1 Chronicles 3:15;  Jeremiah 22:11 ), who was elected to succeed his father on the throne, although he was two years younger than his brother Eliakim. He assumed the crown under the name of Jehoahaz (q.v.). He did not imitate the example of his father ( 2 Kings 23:32 ), but was "a young lion, and it learned to catch the prey; it devoured men" ( Ezekiel 19:3 ). His policy was anti-Egyptian therefore. Necho, at that time at Riblah, sent an army against Jerusalem, which at once yielded, and Jehoahaz was carried captive to the Egyptian camp, Eliakim being appointed king in his stead. He remained a captive in Egypt till his death, and was the first king of Judah that died in exile.

Copyright Statement These dictionary topics are from M.G. Easton M.A., DD Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, published by Thomas Nelson, 1897. Public Domain.

Bibliography Information Easton, Matthew George. Entry for 'Shallum'. Easton's Bible Dictionary. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/ebd/s/shallum.html. 1897.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

1. Son of Jabesh, or a native of Jebesh, who treacherously killed Zechariah King of Israel and usurped his kingdom, B. C. 772. He held it only one month, when Menahem son of Gadi killed him in Samaria. Scripture says that Shallun was the executioner of the threatenings of the Lord against the house of Jehu,  2 Kings 15:10-15 .

2. See Jehoahaz 2.

3. The husband of Huldah the prophetess in the time of Josiah,  2 Kings 22:14 .

Others of the time are alluded to in  Numbers 26:49   1 Chronicles 2:40   9:17,19,31   Ezra 2:42   7:2   10:24,42   Nehemiah 3:12   7:45 .

Bridgeway Bible Dictionary

Two kings mentioned in the biblical record had the name Shallum, and each reigned for only a very short time. Shallum of Israel gained the throne through murdering the previous king, but one month later he himself was murdered (in 752 BC;  2 Kings 15:10;  2 Kings 15:13-14). Shallum of Judah (who was also known as Jehoahaz) reigned only three months before Pharaoh Necho deposed him and took him captive to Egypt (in 609 BC;  2 Kings 23:30-34;  Jeremiah 22:11-12; see Jehoahaz ). Several Old Testament characters of lesser importance also had the name Shallum.

People's Dictionary of the Bible

Shallum ( Shăl'Lum ), Retribution. The murderer of Zachariah, king of Israel. He usurped the crown, but was slain by Menahem at the end of the first month of his reign, b.c. 771.  2 Kings 15:10-15.

Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary

This is a very common name in the Old Testament, and frequently given by the Hebrews to their children: and is not to be wondered at, for it is derived from Shalem, peace.

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature

(Heb. Shallum', שִׁלּוּ ם , Retribution ; Sept. usually Σελλούμ ), the name of at least twelve Hebrews.

1. The youngest son of Naphtali ( 1 Chronicles 7:13), called also SHILLEM. ( Genesis 46:24). B.C. 1874.

2. The third in descent from Simeon, son of Shaul and father of Mibsam ( 1 Chronicles 4:25). B.C. ante 1618.

3. Son of Sisamai and father of Jekamiah, of the house of Sheshan and tribe of Judah ( 1 Chronicles 2:40-41). B.C. post 1300.

4. Son of Kore, and chief of the porters of the sanctuary in David's time.( 1 Chronicles 9:17 sq.,  1 Chronicles 9:31). B.C. cir. 1050. He seems to be the same Shallum whose descendants returned from captivity ( Ezra 2:42;  Ezra 10:24;  Nehemiah 7:45). He is apparently elsewhere called Meshullam (12:25), Meshelemiah ( 1 Chronicles 26:1), and Shelemiah ( 1 Chronicles 26:14). He was perhaps also the same with the "father" of Maaseiah in  Jeremiah 35:4.

5. Son of Zadok and father of Hilkiah, a high priest ( 1 Chronicles 6:12-13;  1 Chronicles 9:11), and an ancestor of Ezra the scribe ( Ezra 7:2). B.C. post 950. He is called Sallumus by Josephus ( Σάλλουμος , Ant. 10, 8, 6). He is the Meshullam of  1 Chronicles 9:11;  Nehemiah 11:11. (See High Priest).

6. The sixteenth king of Israel. His father's name was Jabesh. In the troubled times which followed the death of Jeroboam II (B.C. 781), the latter's son Zechariah was slain in the presence of the people by Shallum (B.C. 769), who by this act extinguished the dynasty of Jehu, as was predicted ( 2 Kings 10:30). (See Jehu); (See Zechariah). being opposed and slain by Menahem, who ascended the throne thus vacated ( 2 Kings 15:10-15). (See Kingdom Of Israel).

7. The father of Jehizkiah, which latter was one of the leading Ephraimites in the time of Ahaz and Pekah ( 2 Chronicles 28:12). B.C. ante 740.

8. The son of Tikvah and husband of the prophetess Hulldah ( 2 Kings 22:14). B.C. cir. 630. He appears to have been the custodian of the sacerdotal wardrobe ( 2 Chronicles 34:22). He was probably the same with Jeremiah's uncle ( Jeremiah 32:7).

9. King of Judah, son of Josiah ( Jeremiah 22:11), better known as Jehoahaz II (q.v.). Hengstenberg ( Christology Of The Old Test. 2 , 400, Eng. transl.) regards the name as symbolical, "the recompensed one," and given to Jehoahaz in token of his fate, as one whom God recompensed according to his deserts. This would be plausible enough if it were only found in the prophecy; but a genealogical table is the last place where we should expect to find a symbolical name, and Shallum is more probably the original name of the king, which was changed to Jehoahaz when he came, to the crown. Upon a comparison of the ages of Jehoiakim, Jehoahaz or Shallum, and Zedekiah, it is evident that of the two last Zedekiah must have been the younger, and therefore that Shallum was the third, not the fourth, son of Josiah, as stated in  1 Chronicles 3:15.

10. A priest of the descendants of Bani, who had taken a strange (i.e. idolatrous) wife, and was compelled by Ezra to put her away ( Ezra 10:42). B.C. 457.

11. One of the Levitical porters who did the same ( Ezra 10:24). B.C. 457.

12. Son of Halohesh and "ruler of the half part of Jerusalem," who, with his daughters, aided in building the walls ( Nehemiah 3:12). B.C. 445.

Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature

Shal´lum (retribution), the fifteenth king of Israel. In the troubled times which followed the death of Jeroboam II, B.C. 772, his son Zechariah was slain in the presence of the people by Shallum, who by this act extinguished the dynasty of Jehu. Shallum then mounted the throne (B.C. 771), but occupied it only one month, being opposed and slain by Menahem, who mounted the throne thus vacated .

2. A king of Judah, son of Josiah , better known by the name of Jehoahaz [JEHOAHAZ, 2].

3. The husband of Huldah the prophetess . Several other persons of this name occur in;;;;;; .