Hadoram

From BiblePortal Wikipedia

Holman Bible Dictionary [1]

1. Arabic tribe descended from Shem through Eber and thus distantly related to Hebrews according to the Table of Nations ( Genesis 10:27 ). They lived in southern Arabia. 2. Son of Tou, city-state ruler in Hamath of Syria. Hadoram brought tribute to David after David had defeated Hadad-ezer of Zobah ( 1 Chronicles 18:10 ). See Hadad-Ezer .

3. “Taskmaster over the forced labor” ( 2 Chronicles 10:18 NRSV) under Rehoboam, Solomon's son and successor as king of Judah. Rehoboam sent Hadoram to collect tribute from the Northern Kingdom immediately after they rebelled and refused to acknowledge Rehoboam as king. The children of Israel killed Hadoram. Thus they showed their contempt for Rehoboam's forced labor policies and made final the division between Israel and Judah, beginning the period of the divided monarchy.

Fausset's Bible Dictionary [2]

1. Son of Tou or Toi, king of Hamath; sent to congratulate David on his victory over Hadarezer ( 1 Chronicles 28:10), bearing costly presents in gold, silver, and brass (antiques according to Josephus). More likely to be the true name than "Jeram," which contains the name of Jehovah ( 2 Samuel 8:10).

2. The contracted form of Adoniram ( 2 Samuel 20:24;  1 Kings 4:6;  1 Kings 12:18). Over the tribute, under David, Solomon, and Rehoboam. Stoned to death when sent as one of the old or moderate party, to appease the sedition; the choice of the superintendent of taxes for the purpose was consistent with the general lack of tact in Rehoboam.

Smith's Bible Dictionary [3]

Hado'ram. (Noble Honor).

1. The fifth son of Joktan.  Genesis 10:27;  1 Chronicles 1:21. His settlements, unlike those of many of Joktan's sons, have not been identified.

2. Son of Tou or Toi, king of Hamath; his father's ambassador to congratulate David, on his victory over Hadarezer, king of Zobah.  1 Chronicles 18:10. (B.C. 1035).

3. The form assumed in Chronicles, by the name of the intendant of taxes under David, Solomon and Rehoboam.  2 Chronicles 10:18. In Kings, the name is given in the longer form of Adoniram , but in Samuel,  2 Samuel 20:24, as Adoram .

Easton's Bible Dictionary [4]

  • One who was "over the tribute;" i.e., "over the levy." He was stoned by the Israelites after they had revolted from Rehoboam ( 2 Chronicles 10:18 ). Called also Adoram ( 2 Samuel 20:24 ) and Adoniram ( 1 Kings 4:6 ).

    Copyright Statement These dictionary topics are from M.G. Easton M.A., DD Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, published by Thomas Nelson, 1897. Public Domain.

    Bibliography Information Easton, Matthew George. Entry for 'Hadoram'. Easton's Bible Dictionary. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/ebd/h/hadoram.html. 1897.

  • Morrish Bible Dictionary [5]

    1. Son of Joktan, of the family of Shem.  Genesis 10:27;  1 Chronicles 1:21 .

    2. Son of Tou or Toi king of Hamath: he was sent to congratulate David on his victory over Hadarezer.   1 Chronicles 18:10 . The same as Joram in  2 Samuel 8:10 .

    3. Chief officer over the tribute in the days of Solomon. He lost his life at the division of the kingdom.   2 Chronicles 10:18 . Apparently the same as ADORAM in  2 Samuel 20:24 , and ADONIRAM in  1 Kings 4:6 .

    Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible [6]

    HADORAM. 1. The fifth son of JoktanGenesis 10:27 ,   1 Chronicles 1:21 ). 2. The son of Tou, king of Hamath (  1 Chronicles 18:10 ). In the parallel passage,   2 Samuel 8:9 f., Hadoram wrongly appears as Joram . 3.   2 Chronicles 10:18 . The parallel passage,   1 Kings 12:18 , has preserved the more correct form Adoram .

    American Tract Society Bible Dictionary [7]

    See Adoniram .

    Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature [8]

    (Heb. Hadoramn', הֲדוֹרָם , "defectively" הֲדָֹרם in Chronicles'Furst suggests [Heb. Lex. S.V. ]= הֲדוֹר רָם , Haudor [i.e. Ador, the fire-god; (See Hadrammelech) ] is Exalted; the Samuel at  Genesis 10:27 has Adoram; Sept. in  Genesis 10:27, ῾Οδοῤῥἀ , Vulg. Aduram; in  1 Chronicles 1:21, Κεδουράν ; in  1 Chronicles 18:10, Ἀδουράμ .; in  2 Chronicles 10:18, Ἀδωράμ ; Vulg. in all these last, Adoram), the name of three men

    1. ADORAM, the fifth son of Joktan, and progenitor of a tribe of the same name in Arabia Felix ( Genesis 10:27;  1 Chronicles 1:21). B.C. post 2414. Bochart (Phaleg, 2, 20) compares the Dirmati or Drimnati on the Persian Gulf (Plin. 6:32), and the promontory Κορόδαμον (Ras el-Had) of Ptol. 6:7, 11. Michaelis (Spiciley. 2, 162) despairs of all identification of the tribe in question. Schulthess (Parad. p. 83) and Gesenius (Thes. Heb. s. 4.) think that the Adramitae are meant, whom Ptolemy ( Ἀδραμῖται , Geog. 6, 7) places on the southern shores of Arabia, between the Homeritae (Hamyarites) and the Sochalite, an account with which Pliny ("Atramitoe," Hist. Nat. 6, 28, 32; 12:14,30) substantially agrees. Winer, 1, 453. Fresnel cites an Arab author who identifies Hadoram with Jurhum (41'Lettre, Journ. Asiatique, 3 serie, 6:220); but this is highly improbable; nor is the suggestion of Hadhira, by Caussin (Essai i, 30), more likely, the latter being one of the aboriginal tribes of Arabia, such as Ad, Tham Û d, etc. (See Arabia).

    2. HADORAM, son of Toi, king of Hamath, sent by his father (with valuable presents in the form of articles of antique manufacture [Josephus], in gold, silver, and brass) to congratulate David on his victory over their common enemy Hadarezer, king of Syria ( 1 Chronicles 18:10). B.C. cir. 1034. In the parallel narrative of 2 Samuel 8, the name is given as JORAM; but this being a contraction of Jehoram, which contains the name of Jehovah, is peculiarly an Israelitish appellation. By Josephus (Ant. 7, 5,4) he is called Ἀδώραμος .

    3. ADONIRAM (See Adoniram) (q.v.), as he is elsewhere more fully called ( 1 Kings 4:6; 1 Kings 5, 14; Josephus constantly Ἀδώραμος ) the son of Abda, the treasurer of taxes under Solomon, and who was stoned to death by the people of the northern tribes when sent by Rehoboam to exact the usual dues ( 2 Chronicles 10:18).

    International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [9]

    ha - dō´ram ( הדרם , hădhōrām ):

    (1) Son of Joktan and apparently 6th in descent from Noah ( Genesis 10:27 parallel   1 Chronicles 1:21 ).

    (2) Son of Tou, king of Hamath, sent by his father with presents to King David ( 1 Chronicles 18:10 ). In  2 Samuel 8:9 ,  2 Samuel 8:10 , written probably incorrectly "Joram," "son of Toi."

    (3) Rehoboam's superintendent of the forced labor department ( 2 Chronicles 10:18 ), called Adoram  1 Kings 12:18 , a contraction of Adoniram (which see). He was sent by Rehoboam as messenger to Israel at the time of the revolt of the ten tribes and was stoned to death by them.

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