Hadadezer

Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible

Hadadezer . The name of a king of Zobah (wh. see) in the time of David,   2 Samuel 8:3 ff.,   1 Kings 11:23 . In   1 Chronicles 18:3 ff. the same king is called less correctly Hadarezer . He was at the head of the combination of the Aramæans of Northern Palestine against David, was repeatedly defeated, and finally made tributary. The word means ‘Adad is (my) helper’ (cf. Heb. Eliezer, Ebenezer, Azariah , etc.). It is found on the Black Obelisk of the Assyrian Shalmaneser ii. under the more Aramaic form Adadidri , as the equivalent of Benhadad of Damascus, who led the great combination, including Ahab of Israel, against the Assyrians in b.c. 854.

J. F. M’Curdy.

People's Dictionary of the Bible

Hadadezer ( Hăd-Ad- Ç'Zer ), or Hadarezer ( Hăd-Ar- Ç'Zer ), Hadad'S Help. A king of Zobah. He was twice defeated by king David's armies.  2 Samuel 8:3;  2 Samuel 10:16. On the first occasion 22,000 of the enemy were slain and 1000 chariots were taken. Among the spoils were shields of gold,  1 Chronicles 18:4-7, which David took to Jerusalem. Some years afterward they became tributary to David.  1 Chronicles 19:16-19.

Morrish Bible Dictionary

Son of Rehob, Syrian king of Zobah. He was defeated by David with great loss, and driven across the Euphrates. David took much spoil and the shields of gold he dedicated to the Lord. Hadadezer was also again totally defeated by David.  2 Samuel 8:3-12;  1 Kings 11:23 . Called HADAREZER in  2 Samuel 10:16,19;  1 Chronicles 18:3-10;  1 Chronicles 19:16-19 .

Easton's Bible Dictionary

 2 Samuel 8:3 2 Samuel 10:17 1 Chronicles 18:8 2 Samuel 10:15-19 1 Chronicles 19:15-19

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Hadade'zer.  2 Samuel 8:3-12;  1 Kings 11:23. See Hadarezer .

Fausset's Bible Dictionary

(See Hadarezer .)

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

had - ad - ē´zẽr ( הדדעזר , hădhadh‛ezer  ; so   2 Samuel 8;  1 Kings 11:23 , but הדרעזר , hădhar‛ezer , 2 Sam 10; 1 Ch 18): Mentioned in connection with David's wars of conquest ( 2 Samuel 8:3; 2 Sam 10:1-19;  1 Chronicles 18:3 ); was king of Zobah in Syria. The exact position and size of this Syrian principality are uncertain, but it seems to have extended in David's time southward toward Ammon and eastward to the Euphrates. When the Ammonites had put themselves in the wrong with David by the insult done to his ambassadors ( 2 Samuel 10:1-5 ) they summoned to their aid against the incensed king of Israel the Syrians of various adjoining principalities, among them the Syrians of Zobah under Hadadezer, the son of Rehob. The strategy of Joab, who set the force under command of Abishai his brother in array against the Ammonites, and himself attacked the Syrian allies, won for Israel a decisive victory. Not content with this result, Hadadezer gathered together another Syrian force, summoning this time also "the Syrians that were beyond the River" ( 2 Samuel 10:16 ), with Shobach the captain of his host at their head. On this occasion David himself took command of the Israelite forces and again defeated them near Helam, Shobach being left dead on the field. Hadadezer and his Syrian vassals, finding resistance hopeless, "made peace with Israel and served them" ( 2 Samuel 10:19 ). For the name Hadador Hadarezer, see Benhadad .

Literature

Winckler, Geschichte Israels , I, 137ff; McCurdy, Hpm , 204; Maspero, The Struggle of the Nations , 731.

.

Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature

Hadade´zer (Hadad-helped), or Hadad-rezer, king of Zobah, a powerful monarch in the time of David, and the only one who seems to have been in a condition seriously to dispute with him the predominancy in south-western Asia. He was defeated by the Israelites in the first campaign (B.C. 1032) in the neighborhood of the Euphrates, with a great loss of men, war-chariots, and horses, and was despoiled of many of his towns . This check not only impaired, but destroyed his power. A diversion highly serviceable to him was made by a king of Damascene-Syria (whom the Scripture does not name, but who is the same with Hadad, 3), who, coming to his succor, compelled David to turn his arms against him, and abstain from reaping all the fruits of his victory (, sq.; , sq.). The breathing time thus afforded Hadadezer was turned by him to such good account that he was able to accept the subsidies of Hanun, king of the Ammonites, and to take a leading part in the confederacy formed by that monarch against David. The first army brought into the field was beaten and put to flight by Abishai and Joab; but Hadadezer, not yet discouraged, went into the countries east of the Euphrates, and got together the forces of all his allies and tributaries, which he placed under the command of Shophach, his general. To confront so formidable an adversary, David took the field in person, and in one great victory so completely broke the power of Hadadezer, that all the small tributary princes seized the opportunity of throwing off his yoke, of abandoning the Ammonites to their fate, and of submitting quietly to David, whose power was thus extended to the Euphrates.