Jashen

Easton's Bible Dictionary

1 Chronicles 11:342 Samuel 23:32

Fausset's Bible Dictionary

2 Samuel 23:32; but in 1 Chronicles 11:34 HASHEM ("the Name"' used by Othordox Jews instead of uttering the ineffable name of Υahweh .) Kennicott reads, "of the sons of Hashem, Gouni; Jonathan the son of Shamha."

Holman Bible Dictionary

2 Samuel 23:321 Chronicles 11:34Gizonite

Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible

JASHEN . The sons of Jashen are mentioned in the list of David’s heroes given in 2 Samuel 23:32 . In the parallel list ( 1 Chronicles 11:34 ) they appear as the sons of Hashem , who is further described as the Gizonite (wh. see).

Morrish Bible Dictionary

Father of one of David's valiant men. 2 Samuel 23:32 .

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Ja'shen. (sleeping). Bene-Jashen, (that is, sons of Jashen), are named in the catalogue of the heroes, of David's guard in 2 Samuel 23:32. (B.C. 1046).

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

jā´shen , jash´en ( ישׁן , yāshēn , "asleep"(?)): Seemingly the father of some of David s thirty valiant men ( 2 Samuel 23:32 f). The Massoretic Text reads "Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan, Shammah the Hararite,..." 1 Chronicles 11:33 has Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shagee the Hararite ..." It is clear that "sons of" are a dittography of the last three consonants of the previous word. Septuagint, Lucian in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles has ὁ Γουνί , ho Gounı́ , "the Gunite," for "the Gizonite," perhaps correctly (compare Genesis 46:24; Numbers 26:48 for "Guni," "Gunite"). So 2 Samuel 23:32 may be corrected thus: "Eliahba the Shaalbonite, Jashen the Gunite, Jonathan the son of Shammah the Hararite." Jashen then becomes one of the thirty = "Hashem" of 1 Chronicles 11:34 .

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature

(Heb. Yashen'. יָשֵׁן, sleeping, as in Song of Solomon 7:10, etc.; Septuag. Ι᾿ασέν v.r. Ἀσάν ), a person, several of whose "sons" are named as among David's famous bodyguard (2 Samuel 23:32), called in the parallel passage HASHEM the Gizonite (1 Chronicles 11:34). Other discrepancies also occur between the two passages: the former names three, while the latter makes the first (Jonathan) son of the next, and both (with slight verbal variations) assign special patronymics to the last two. Perhaps the two accounts may best be reconciled by understanding the two braves referred to as being Jonathan BenShammah (or Ben-Shageh), and Ahiam Ben-Sharar (or Ben-Sacar), grandsons of Jashen (or Hashem) of Gizon, in the mountains of Judah hence called Hararites. B.C. considerable ante 1046. This name Kennicott believes (Dissertation, i, 201-3) lies concealed in the word rendered "the Gizonite" in Chronicles, and accordingly proposes to read in both places "Gouni, of the sons of Hashem; Jonathan, the son of Shamha the Hararite "his view being supported by the Alex. copy of the Sept., which reads υἱοὶ Ἀσὰμ ὁ Γωϋνὶ Ι᾿ωνάθαν νίὸς Σαγὴ ὀ Ἀραρί. However, the want of the מ before בְנֵי, and the ה prefixed to the name read by him as Goumni are objections to this view, and Bertheau may probably be right (Chronik. p. 134), that בַנֵי is due to a repetition of the last three letters of the preceding word, "the Shaalbonite" (הִשִׁעִלבֹנַי ), and that we should simply read Hashem the Gizonite. In the list given by Jerome, in his Quaestiones Hebraicae, Jashen and Jonathan are both omitted. (See David).