Ultramontanism

Webster's Dictionary

(n.) The principles of those within the Roman Catholic Church who maintain extreme views favoring the pope's supremacy; - so used by those living north of the Alps in reference to the Italians; - rarely used in an opposite sense, as referring to the views of those living north of the Alps and opposed to the papal claims. Cf. Gallicanism.

The Nuttall Encyclopedia

Name given to extreme views in the matter of the prerogatives and authority of the Pope, so called in France as prevailing on the other side of the Alps.