Pattern

Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament

In the EV_ of the NT ‘pattern’ occurs seven times, representing four different words in the original-τύπος, ὑποτύπωσις, ὑπόδειγμα, and ἀντίτυπον.

1. τύπος (from τύπτειν, ‘to strike’) denotes primarily a mark or impression left by a blow (cf.  John 20:25 ‘the print [τύπον] of the nails’). In classical Greek it is used of the impress of a seal or the stamp struck by a die, and so comes to mean the figure or copy of something else. But as the impression on the wax reproduces the engraving on the seal, and the coin or medal the device on the die, the word comes to be transferred, by a familiar process in the history of language, from the effect to the cause, and so is used not only of the copy but of the example or pattern from which the copy is made. In  Romans 6:17 the RVm_ offers ‘pattern’ as an alternative for ‘form’ of doctrine or teaching. In  Titus 2:7 the AV_ has ‘pattern (RV_ ‘ensample’) of good works.’ In  Hebrews 8:5 the AV_ and the RV_ both employ ‘pattern’ to render the τύπος shown to Moses in the Mount.

2. ὑποτύπωσις (from ὑποτυποῦν, ‘to sketch out,’ Lat. adumbrare) is strictly a ‘sketch’ or ‘outline’ (αἱ Ὑποτυπώσεις) is the name given by Sextus Empiricus to his outlines of the Pyrrhonic philosophy). In  1 Timothy 1:16 (‘a pattern [RV_ ‘ensample’] to them which should hereafter believe’) St. Paul may have used the word in its original meaning to suggest that his experiences as a saved sinner were an ‘adumbration’ of those of subsequent believers. But the secondary meaning ‘pattern’ is more probable, in view of the fact that the word is evidently used in this sense in  2 Timothy 1:13, ‘hold fast the form (RV_ ‘pattern’) of sound words.’

3. ὑπόδειγμα (from ὑποδεικνύναι, ‘to show,’ with the suggestion of placing what is shown under the very eyes) is properly a thing exhibited as an example or pattern. In this sense the word is used several times in the NT (e.g.  John 13:15, ‘I have given you an example’;  James 5:10, ‘an example of suffering affliction’). The AV_ takes it in this sense in  Hebrews 9:23 and renders ‘patterns.’ But ὑπόδειγμα, like τύπος, may denote a copy as well as a pattern; and in rendering ‘copies’ here the RV_ clearly conveys the correct idea, since the things referred to are ‘the tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry’ ( Hebrews 9:21), which were only copies of ‘the heavenly things themselves.’ Cf.  Hebrews 8:5, where the RV_ rightly changes ‘the example (ὑποδείγματι) and shadow of heavenly things’ into ‘a copy and shadow of the heavenly things.’

4. ἀντίτυπα ( Hebrews 9:24) is probably to be taken as an adjective rather than a substantive (ἀντίτυπος = ‘answering to the type,’ ‘corresponding to the pattern,’ no doubt with reference to the τύπος of  Hebrews 8:5; see above). The RV_, ‘like in pattern to the true,’ is therefore to be preferred to the AV_, ‘the figures of the true.’

J. C. Lambert.

Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words

A — 1: Τύπος (Strong'S #5179 — Noun Masculine — tupos — too'-pos )

is translated "pattern" in  Titus 2:7 , AV;  Hebrews 8:5 (AV and RV). See Ensample.

A — 2: Ὑποτύπωσις (Strong'S #5296 — Noun Feminine — hupotuposis — hoop-ot-oop'-o-sis )

is translated "pattern" in  1—Timothy 1:16 , AV;  2—Timothy 1:13 , RV. See Ensample , Form.

A — 3: Ὑπόδειγμα (Strong'S #5262 — Noun Neuter — hupodeigma — hoop-od'-igue-mah )

is translated "patterns" in  Hebrews 9:23 , AV. See Copy.

B — 1: Ἀντίτυπος (Strong'S #499 — Adjective — antitupos — an-teet'-oo-pon )

is translated "like in pattern" in  Hebrews 9:24 , RV. See Figure , No. 2.

Webster's Dictionary

(1): ( n.) Something made after a model; a copy.

(2): ( n.) A full-sized model around which a mold of sand is made, to receive the melted metal. It is usually made of wood and in several parts, so as to be removed from the mold without injuring it.

(3): ( n.) Anything proposed for imitation; an archetype; an exemplar; that which is to be, or is worthy to be, copied or imitated; as, a pattern of a machine.

(4): ( v. t.) To make or design (anything) by, from, or after, something that serves as a pattern; to copy; to model; to imitate.

(5): ( n.) A diagram showing the distribution of the pellets of a shotgun on a vertical target perpendicular to the plane of fire.

(6): ( n.) Figure or style of decoration; design; as, wall paper of a beautiful pattern.

(7): ( n.) Stuff sufficient for a garment; as, a dress pattern.

(8): ( v. t.) To serve as an example for; also, to parallel.

(9): ( n.) A part showing the figure or quality of the whole; a specimen; a sample; an example; an instance.

(10): ( n.) Anything cut or formed to serve as a guide to cutting or forming objects; as, a dressmaker's pattern.

Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible

Pattern This word is used to render several Heb. and Gr. terms in OT and NT, some of which denote a model , as in   Exodus 25:9;   Exodus 25:40 of the building model of the Tabernacle shown to Moses on the mount (cf.   Numbers 8:4 a different original and Arts and Crafts, § 3 ), others a copy of the original model as   Hebrews 8:5 RV [Note: Revised Version.] . See, for a full examination of the different passages, Hastings’ DB [Note: Dictionary of the Bible.] , s.v .

A. R. S. Kennedy.

King James Dictionary

PAT'TERN, n.

1. An original or model proposed for imitation the archetype an exemplar that which is to be copies or imitated, either in things or in actions as the pattern of a machine a pattern of patience. Christ was the most perfect pattern of rectitude,patience and submission ever exhibited on earth. 2. A specimen a sample a part showing the figure or quality of the whole as a pattern of silk cloth. 3. An instance an example. 4. Any thing cut of formed into the shape of something to be made after it.

To pattern after, to imitate to follow.

Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types

 1 Timothy 1:16 (a) Paul's life is compared to a mold into which other lives will be poured so they would live a life like his.

 Titus 2:7 (a) This represents a form or mold for the making of other lives.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

pat´ẽrn ( תּבנית , tabhnı̄th , "model," מלראה , mar'eh , "a vision" or "view"): The Old Testament words translated "pattern" do not necessarily indicate a drawing such as a modern constructor begins with, or the patterns made from these drawings for the guidance of workmen. In   Exodus 25:9 ,  Exodus 25:40 the word "idea" or "suggestion" would possibly indicate more distinctly than "pattern" what Moses received in regard to the building of the tabernacle, etc. It is doubtful if any architect's drawing was ever made of the temple. It is not the custom in Palestine and Syria today to work from any pattern more concrete than an idea. A man who wants a house calls the builder and says he wants to build so many rooms of such and such dimensions with, for example, a court 10 drahs (arm's lengths) wide and 15 drahs long, made of sandstone and plastered inside and out. With these meager instructions the builder starts. The details are worked out as the building proceeds. When a piece of iron or brass work is to be made, the customer by gestures with his hands outlines the form the piece should take. "I want it haik wa haik " ("thus and thus"), he says, and leaves the metal worker to conceive the exact form. It is probable that directions similar to these were given by David to Solomon. "Then David gave Solomon his son the pattern (his conception) of the porch of the temple," etc. ( 1 Chronicles 28:11 ). The above does not apply to Greek and Roman work in Syria. Their workmen, probably mostly native, were trained to work from models. Williams in the Architect , January, 1913, says of the works at Baalbek and Palmyra, "There is a machine-like resemblance betokening slavish copying." At the present time native workmen coming under the influence of foreigners are beginning to work from models and plans, but they show little tendency to create models of their own.

Three Greek words have been translated in the New Testament: τύπος , túpos , "type," occurs in   Titus 2:7 and   Hebrews 8:5 . In the first instance the Revised Version (British and American) reads "ensample." ὑποτύπωσις , hupotúpōsis , "outline," has been similarly translated in  1 Timothy 1:16 , but "pattern" in  2 Timothy 1:13 . In  Hebrews 9:24 the American Standard Revised Version. ἀντίτυπος , antı́tupos , is rendered "like in pattern." ὑπόδειγμα , hupódeigma , the King James Version "pattern," is translated in the American Standard Revised Version "copy" ( Hebrews 8:5 ), "copies" ( Hebrews 9:23 ). At the time of the translation of the King James Version the word "pattern" meant either the thing to be copied or the copy.

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature

( מִרְאֶה , Mareh,  Numbers 8:4, Appearance, as often rendered; properly

תִּבְנַית , Tabnith,  Exodus 25:9;  Exodus 25:40;  Joshua 22:28;  2 Kings 16:10;  1 Chronicles 28:11-12;  1 Chronicles 28:18-19, A Structure; once תָּכְנַית , Toknith,  Ezekiel 43:10, An Arrangement ; Τύπος , A Type,  Titus 2:7;  Hebrews 8:5; elsewhere "example," etc.; Ὑπόδειγμα , A Specimen,  Hebrews 9:23, elsewhere "example;" Ὑποτύπωσις , a representation,  1 Timothy 1:16; "form,"  2 Timothy 1:13; Ὁμοίωμα , Resemblance, Ecclesiastes 38:28), A Model, as of the Tabernacle, shown to Moses on the Mount ( Numbers 8:4;  Hebrews 8:4), or a life to Copy after ( Titus 2:7).