Mandarin

Webster's Dictionary

(1): ( n.) A small orange, with easily separable rind. It is thought to be of Chinese origin, and is counted a distinct species (Citrus nobilis)mandarin orange; tangerine - .

(2): ( n.) A Chinese public officer or nobleman; a civil or military official in China and Annam.

The Nuttall Encyclopedia

The name given by foreigners, derived from the Portuguese, signifying to "command," to Chinese official functionaries, of which there are some nine orders, distinguished by the buttons on their caps, and they are appointed chiefly for their possession of the requisite qualifications for the office they aspire to.