Lewd; Lewdness
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [1]
lūd , lūd´nes ( זמּה , zimmāh , מזמּה , mezimmāh , נבלוּת , nabhlūth ; πονηρός , ponērós , ῥαδιούργημα , rhadioúrgēma ):
There are three Hebrew words translated "lewd," "lewdness": (1) Zimmāh , meaning a "plan," a "purpose," so translated several times and then shading off into "evil plan"; translated also "heinous crime," "wicked purpose or device." It is the most frequent word for "lewdness": Ezekiel 16:27 , "lewd way"; found in Judges 20:6; Ezekiel 16:27 , Ezekiel 16:43 , Ezekiel 16:58; Ezekiel 22:9 , Ezekiel 22:11; Ezekiel 23:21 , Ezekiel 23:27 , Ezekiel 23:29 , Ezekiel 23:35 , Ezekiel 23:44 , Ezekiel 23:48 , Ezekiel 23:49; Ezekiel 24:13; Hosea 6:9 . (2) Mezimmāh means a "plan," generally "(evil) machination"; used only in Jeremiah 11:15 , "lewdness." (3) Nabhlūth , meaning "disgrace" in reference to females. Found only in Hosea 2:10; the American Revised Version margin "shame."
The word translated "lewd," "lewdness" in the King James Version occurs only twice in the New Testament, and in each instance is more correctly translated in the Revised Version (British and American) by another word: (1) Ponēros , found in Acts 17:5 , translated in the American Standard Revised Version "vile." The Greek word elsewhere is translated "bad," "evil," "grievous," "harmful," "malicious," "wicked." the King James Version "lewd" gives the wrong impression. The idea of unchastity is not present in the text or context. (2) Rhadiourgēma likewise occurs only once, namely, Acts 18:14 , and is correctly translated in the Revised Version (British and American) and the American Standard Revised Version "wicked villany." The thought of impurity or lewdness is foreign to the meaning in this connection.
