Chilmad

Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible

CHILMAD occurs in   Ezekiel 27:23 at the close of the list of nations that traded with Tyre. The name has been thought to be the Aram. [Note: Aramaic.] form of Charmande , a town on the Euphrates mentioned by Xenophon ( Anab . i. 5. 10). George Smith identified Chilmad with the modern Kalwâdha near Baghdad but neither of these conjectures has much probability.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Chil'mad. (Enclosure). A place or country mentioned in conjunction with Sheba and Asshur .  Ezekiel 27:23.

Fausset's Bible Dictionary

Named with Sheba and Asshur ( Ezekiel 27:23). Ptolemy mentions a Gaala of Media, which compounded forms Chil-mad. The Chaldee version has "Media," others "Carmanda," a large city beyond the Euphrates (Xenophon).

Morrish Bible Dictionary

Unknown place associated with Sheba and Asshur, whose merchants traded with Tyre.  Ezekiel 27:23 .

Holman Bible Dictionary

 Ezekiel 27:23

Easton's Bible Dictionary

 Ezekiel 27:23

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature

(Hebrews Kilmad ´ כַּלְמִר , etymology unknown; Sept. Χαρμάν v. r. Χαλμάν and Χαλμάβ ; Vulg. Chelmad), an Asiatic place or country mentioned, in conjunction with Sheba and Asshur, as a trading emporium with the Tyrians ( Ezekiel 27:23). The only name bearing any similarity to it is Charmande ( Χαρμάνδη ) , a "large and flourishing" town near the Euphrates, between the Mascas and the Babylonian frontier (Xen. Anab. 1:5, 10; comp. Steph. Byz. p. 754), an identification generally adopted since Bochart (Canaan, 1:18, p. 480). Hitzig (Comment. on Ezekiel 1. c.) proposes to alter the punctuation to כְּלַמֻּר , Ke-Limmud ´ , giving the sense "Asshur was As thy Pupil in commerce," as first suggested by Kimchi (in loc.). The Chaldee Targum has מָרִי , Media. For other conjectures, see Rosenm Ü ller in loc. (See Chaldaea) p. 198.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

kil´mad ( כּלמד , kilmadh  ; Χαρμάν , Charmán ): A city or district mentioned after Sheba and Asshur as supplying merchandise to Tyre ( Ezekiel 27:23 ). By changing "m" into "w" (common in Assyrian-Babylonian) this has been compared with Kalwādha near Bagdad (G. Smith, Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, I, 61; Delitzsch, Paradies , 206), but the identification seems improbable. Though regarded as the name of a country in the Septuagint and the Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible , 390-405 ad) ( Charman  ; Chelmad ), there is some doubt whether this view of the word is correct. The Targum substitutes Madhai , "Media," and on this account Mez (Stadt Harran , 24) amends to Kōl Madhai , "all Media." The absence of the copula "and" has caused others to further modify the vocalization, and by reading kelimmūdh instead of Chilmad, the sense "Asshur was as the apprentice of thy trading" ( Ḳimḥi , Hitzig, Cornill) is obtained, but is not satisfactory. Probably both text and translation are susceptible of improvement.