Difference between revisions of "Tirzah"

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== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_54439" /> ==
== Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_37872" /> ==
<p> <strong> TIRZAH </strong> . <strong> 1 </strong> . One of the 31 cities captured by Joshua (&nbsp; Joshua 12:24 ). It was the residence of [[Jeroboam]] i. (&nbsp; 1 Kings 14:17 ) and his successors down to [[Omri]] (&nbsp; 1 Kings 15:21; 1Ki 16:6; &nbsp; 1 Kings 16:8; &nbsp; 1 Kings 16:15; &nbsp; 1 Kings 16:17; &nbsp; 1 Kings 16:23 ). The doubtful reference in &nbsp; Song of [[Solomon]] 6:4 compares the [[Shulammite]] to [[Tirzah]] in beauty. The site is uncertain. Three different identifications have met with favour: <em> Talluza </em> , a village E. of [[Samaria]] and N. of Mt. Ebal; <em> et-Tireh </em> , a village close to Mt. Gerizim; and <em> Teyasir </em> , 11 m. N. of Nâblus (Shechem) and 12 m. E. of Sebastiyeh (Samaria). <strong> 2 </strong> . One of the five daughters of [[Zelophehad]] (&nbsp; Numbers 26:33; &nbsp; Numbers 27:1; &nbsp; Numbers 36:11 , &nbsp; Joshua 17:3 ). </p> <p> H. L. Willett. </p>
<p> A [[Canaanite]] city whose king was one of the 31 subdued by Joshua (&nbsp;Joshua 13:24). The royal residence of the kings of [[Israel]] from [[Jeroboam]] to Omri, who removed the capital to [[Samaria]] (&nbsp;1 Kings 14:17; &nbsp;1 Kings 15:21; &nbsp;1 Kings 16:6; &nbsp;1 Kings 16:17-18); [[Baasha]] was buried here. [[Zimri]] was besieged here by Omri, and perished in the flames of the palace. [[Menahem]] who smote [[Shallum]] "went up from Tirzah" (&nbsp;2 Kings 15:14; &nbsp;2 Kings 15:16), but when reigning made Samaria his capital. </p> <p> Celebrated for beauty (&nbsp;Song of [[Solomon]] 6:4); some derive [[Tirzah]] from '''''Ratsah''''' , "pleasant." Its mention is no ground for assigning the Song to a date later than Solomon, as it was in his time the chief city of northern Israel as [[Jerusalem]] of southern Israel. The church is "a city set on an hill" (&nbsp;Matthew 5:14), "well pleasing" to God (&nbsp;Hebrews 13:21). In the middle ages Brocardus mentions a Thersa on a height three leagues E. of Samaria; this is the exact position of Telluzah, in the mountains N. of Nablus, a large flourishing town, precipitous toward the E. and accessible from the W.; without remains of antiquity; a corruption probably of Tirzah. </p>
          
          
== Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_75194" /> ==
== Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_63566" /> ==
<p> '''Tir'zah.''' ''(Delight).'' </p> <p> 1. [[Youngest]] of the five daughters, of Zelophehad. &nbsp;Numbers 26:33; &nbsp;Numbers 27:1; &nbsp;Numbers 36:11; &nbsp;Joshua 17:3. (B.C. 1450). </p> <p> 2. An ancient [[Canaanite]] city, whose king is enumerated, among those overthrown in the conquest of the country. &nbsp;Joshua 12:24. It reappears as a royal city, the residence of Jeroboam, and of his successors, &nbsp;1 Kings 14:17-18, and as the seat of the conspiracy of [[Menahem]] ben-Gaddi , against the wretched, Shallum. &nbsp;2 Kings 15:16. </p> <p> Its reputation for beauty, throughout the country, must have been widespread. It is in this sense, that it is spoken of in the Song of Solomon. [[Eusebius]] mentions it in connection with Menahem, and identifies it with a "village of [[Samaritans]] in Batanea." Its site is ''Telluzah'' , a place in the mountains, north of ''Nablus'' . </p>
<p> The present Teiasir, which Tristram assumes (Bible Places, page 196) as the modern representative, lies twelve miles east by north from Sebustieh (Samaria), and is described in the .Memoirs accompanying the Ordnance Survey (2:228, 245). As to the identity of the name, Lieut. Conder remarks (Tent Work, 2:108): </p> <p> "It contains the exact letters of the [[Hebrew]] word, though the last two radicals are interchanged in position, a kind of change not unusual among the peasantry. The beauty of the position and the richness of the plain on the west, the ancient remains, and the old main road to the place from Shechem, seem to agree well with the idea of its having once been a capital; and if I am right in the suggestion, then the old sepulchres are probably, some of them, those of the early kings of Israel before the royal family began to be buried in Samaria." </p>
       
== People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_70883" /> ==
<p> [[Tirzah]] ( ''Tir'Zah'' ), ''Delight.'' One of the 31 cities of the [[Canaanites]] taken by Joshua, &nbsp;Joshua 12:24, and for 50 years the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel, until Omri built Samaria. &nbsp;1 Kings 14:17; &nbsp;1 Kings 15:21; &nbsp;1 Kings 15:33; &nbsp;1 Kings 16:6; &nbsp;1 Kings 16:23. It is also mentioned in the reign of Menahem, b.c. 772, &nbsp;2 Kings 15:14; &nbsp;2 Kings 15:16, and its fame for beauty appears from &nbsp;Song of Solomon 6:4. Tirzah has been usually identified with Telluzah, five miles east of Samaria, and 30 miles north of Jerusalem. The village occupies a fine elevation in the midst of olive groves. </p>
       
== Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_44323" /> ==
<p> 2. Originally a Canaanite city noted for its beauty (Song of &nbsp;Song of Solomon 6:4 ) but captured in the conquest of the [[Promised]] Land (&nbsp;Joshua 12:24 ). It became one of the early capitals of [[Israel]] when Jeroboam I established his residence there (&nbsp;1 Kings 14:17 ) and continued as the capital until Omri built Samaria (&nbsp;1 Kings 16:23-24 ). Archaeological discoveries, coupled with biblical references, suggest that Tirzah is to be identified with modern tell el-Fara, a tell of extraordinary size about seven miles northeast of Shechem. The area evidently was first occupied before 3000 B.C. and flourished, off and on, as a Canaanite city until its capture by Joshua between 1550 and1200 B.C. It remained an [[Israelite]] city until the [[Assyrian]] conquest of 722 B.C. By 600 B.C., Tirzah was completely abandoned. </p> <p> Hugh [[Tobias]] </p>
       
== Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary <ref name="term_48868" /> ==
<p> A city in the land of Judaea, belonging to Ephraim, and from the days of Jeroboam, King of Israel, to the reign of Omri, Tirzah was the royal city and the King's residence. </p> <p> It is said to have been a beautiful, spot, and the name Tirzah, which, comes from a root, signifying somewhat grateful, evidently seems, to say so, Jesus compares his church to it. "Thou art beautiful, [[O]] my love, as"Tirzah, said the Redeemer, "comely as [[Jerusalem]] and terrible as an army with banners," (&nbsp;Song of Song of Solomon 6:4) And is not the church all this when beautiful, in his salvation and comely in the comeliness which he hath put upon her? And what an awe do Jesus's little ones strike even now upon the ungodly, when they behold them living in his faith, and fear and love? And who, will dare to oppose them, by and by, when they shall see the Lord Jesus come to be "glorified in his saints, and admired in all them that believe?" </p>
       
== Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_69014" /> ==
<p> 1. Youngestdaughter of Zelophehad. &nbsp;Numbers 26:33; &nbsp;Numbers 27:1; &nbsp;Numbers 36:11; &nbsp;Joshua 17:3 . </p> <p> 2. [[Ancient]] Canaanite city conquered by Joshua. At the division of the kingdom it became a royal city for the kings of Israel. In &nbsp; Song of Solomon 6:4 it is referred to as being 'beautiful,' but the LXX and the [[Vulgate]] do not in this passage regard it as a proper name. &nbsp; Joshua 12:24; &nbsp;1 Kings 14:17; &nbsp;1 Kings 15:21,33; &nbsp;1 Kings 16:6-23; &nbsp;2 Kings 15:14,16 . Identified with <i> Teiasir, </i> 32 20' N, 35 23' E . </p>
       
== American Tract Society Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_17324" /> ==
<p> Pleasant, Song of &nbsp;Song of Solomon 6:4 , a city of the Canaanites, &nbsp;Joshua 12:24 , and afterwards of the tribe of [[Manasseh]] or Ephraism; and the royal seat of the kings of Israel from the time of Jeroboam to the reign of Omri, who built the city of Samaria, which then became the capital of this kingdom, &nbsp;1 Kings 15:21,33 &nbsp; 16:6,23 &nbsp; 2 Kings 15:14,16 . Its exact location is unknown. </p>
       
== Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_63564" /> ==
<p> (Heb. Tirtsah', '''''תַּרְצָה''''' '', Delight'' ; Sept. '''''Θερσά''''' v.r. [in the case of No. 2] '''''Θερσιλά''''' and '''''Θερμα''''' ; Vulg. ''Thersa'' ) '','' the name of a woman and also of a place. (See [[Cypress]]); (See [[Tizite]]). </p> <p> '''1.''' The last named of the five daughters of Zelophehad, of the tribe of Manasseh, whose case originated the law that in the event of a man dying without male issue his property should pass to his daughters (&nbsp;Numbers 26:33; &nbsp;Numbers 27:1; &nbsp;Numbers 36:11 [where she is named second]; &nbsp;Joshua 17:3). (See Zelophehai) ). </p> <p> '''2.''' An ancient [[Canaanitish]] city, whose king is enumerated among the twenty-one overthrown in the conquest of the country (&nbsp;Joshua 12:24). From that time nothing is heard of it till after the disruption of Israel and Judah. It then reappears as a royal city, the residence of Jeroboam (&nbsp;1 Kings 14:17; Sept. '''''Σαριφά''''' '','' i.e. ''? Zaieda'' ) '','' and of his successors, [[Baasha]] (&nbsp;1 Kings 15:21; &nbsp;1 Kings 15:33), [[Elah]] (&nbsp;1 Kings 16:8-9), and [[Zimri]] (&nbsp;1 Kings 16:15). It contained the royal sepulchers of one (&nbsp;1 Kings 16:6), and probably all the first four kings of the northern kingdom. Zimri was besieged there by Omri, and perished in the flames of his palace (&nbsp;1 Kings 16:18). The new king continued to reside there at first, but after six years he left it to his son [[Ahab]] (q.v.), at that time raised to the viceroyship; and removed to a new city which he built and named Shomr6n (Samaria), and which '''''‘''''' continued to be the capital of the northern kingdom till its fall. Once, and once only, does Tirzah reappear, as the seat of the conspiracy of Menahem ben-Gaddi against the wretched [[Shallum]] (&nbsp;2 Kings 15:14; &nbsp;2 Kings 15:16); but as soon as his revolt had proved successful, Menahem removed the seat of his government to Samaria, and Tirzah was again left inobscurity. Its reputation for beauty throughout the country must have been wide-spread. It is in this sense that it is mentioned in the Song of Solomon, where the juxtaposition of Jerusalem is sufficient proof of the estimation in which it was held '''''—''''' "Beautiful as Tirzah, comely as Jerusalem" (&nbsp;Song of Solomon 6:4). The Sept. ( '''''Εὐδοκία''''' ) and. Vulg. ( ''Suavis'' ) do not, however, take tirtsah as a proper name in this passage. Its occurrence here on a level with Jerusalem has been held to indicate that the Song of Songs was the work of a writer belonging to the northern kingdom. But surely a poet, and so ardent a poet as the author of the, Song of Songs, may have been sufficiently independent of political considerations to go out of his own country if Tirzah can be said to be out of the country of a native of Judah- for a metaphor. (See [[Canticles]]). </p> <p> Eusebius (Onomuasf.. sv. '''''Θαρσιλά''''' ) mentions it in connection with Menahem, and identifies it with a "village of Samaritans in Batansea." There is, however, nothing in the Bible to lead to the inference that the Tirzah of the [[Israelitish]] monarchs was on the east of Jordan. [[Josephus]] merely mentions it ( '''''Θαρσή''''' , ''Ant. 8'' :12, 5). It is nowhere stated to what tribe this town belonged; but Adrichomius ( ''Theaf. T. S.'' p. 74) and others place it in Manasseh. Lightfoot ( ''Choreograph. Cent.'' c. 88) seems to suspect that Tirzah and [[Shechem]] were the same; for he says that "if Shechem and Tirzah were not one and the same town," it would appear that Jeroboam had removed when his son died from where he was when he first erected his idols (comp. &nbsp;1 Kings 12:25; &nbsp;1 Kings 14:17). It does not appear to be mentioned by the [[Jewish]] topographers, or any of the [[Christian]] travelers of the Middle Ages, except Brocarduls, who places "Thersa on a high mountain, three leagues (leucae) from Samaria to the east" (Descriptio Terrte Sanct. 7:13). This is exactly the direction, and very nearly the distance, of Tellizah, a place in the mountains north of Nablius, which was visited by Robinson (Bibl. Res. 3, 302) and [[Van]] de Velde in 1852 (Syr. and Pal. 3, 334). The town is on an eminence, which towards the east is exceedingly lofty, though, being at the edge of the central highlands, it is more approachable from the west. "The place is large and thriving, but without any obvious marks of antiquity (Robinson, Later Res. p. 302). Lieut. Coider, however, suggests the identity of Tirzah with a "mud hamlet" called Teidsir, twelve miles east of Jeba, which he found to have been once a place of importance, judging from the numerous rock-cut sepulchers burrowing under the houses, the fertile lands and fine olives around, and the monument of good masonry, apparently a Roman tomb. The position is beautiful, and the old main road leads to the place from Shechem (Tent Work in Palest. 1, 108). </p>
       
== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_8903" /> ==
<p> ''''' tûr´za ''''' ( תּרצה , <i> ''''' tircāh ''''' </i> ; Θερσά , <i> ''''' Thersá ''''' </i> ): </p> <p> (1) A royal city of the Canaanites, the king of which was slain by Joshua (&nbsp;Joshua 12:24 ). It superseded Shechem as capital of the Northern [[Kingdom]] (&nbsp;1 Kings 14:17 , etc.), and itself gave place in turn to Samaria. Here reigned Jeroboam, [[Nadab]] his son, Baasha, Elah and Zimri (&nbsp;1 Kings 15:21 , &nbsp;1 Kings 15:33; &nbsp;1 Kings 16:6 , &nbsp;1 Kings 16:8 , &nbsp;1 Kings 16:9 , &nbsp;1 Kings 16:15 ). Baasha was buried in Tirzah. Here Elah was assassinated while "drinking himself drunk" in the house of his steward; here therefore probably he was buried. Zimri perished in the flames of his palace, rather than fall into Omri's hands. In Tirzah Menahem matured his rebellion against Shallum (&nbsp;2 Kings 15:14 ). The place is mentioned in &nbsp;Song of Solomon 6:4 the King James Version, where the Shulammite is said to be "beautiful ... as Tirzah, comely as Jerusalem." The comparison may be due to the charm of its situation. The name may possibly be derived from <i> ''''' rācāh ''''' </i> , "to delight." Several identifications have been suggested. [[Buhl]] ( <i> Geographic des alten [[Palestina]] </i> , 203) favors <i> ''''' et ''''' </i> - <i> ''''' Ṭı̄reh ''''' </i> , on the West of the plain of <i> ''''' Makhneh ''''' </i> , 4 miles South of <i> ''''' Nāblus ''''' </i> , which he identifies with the Tira-thana of Josephus. He quotes Neubauer to the effect that the later [[Jews]] said <i> ''''' Tir‛an ''''' </i> or <i> ''''' Tar‛ita ''''' </i> instead of Tirzah, as weakening the claim of <i> ''''' Ṭellūzah ''''' </i> , which others (e.g. Robinson, <i> BR </i> , III, 302) incline to. It is a partly ruined village with no spring, but with ancient cisterns, on a hill about 4 miles East of North from <i> ''''' Nāblus ''''' </i> . This was evidently the place intended by Brocardius - T hersa, about 3 miles East of Samaria ( <i> Descriptio </i> , [[Vii). A]]  third claimant is <i> ''''' Teiası̄r ''''' </i> , a fortress at the point where the road from Abel-meholah joins that from Shechem to Bethshan, fully 11 miles Northeast of <i> ''''' Nāblus ''''' </i> . It is impossible to decide with certainty. The heavy <i> ''''' ṭ ''''' </i> in <i> ''''' Ṭellūzah ''''' </i> is a difficulty. <i> ''''' Teiası̄r ''''' </i> is perhaps too far from Shechem. Buhl's case for identification with <i> ''''' eṭ ''''' </i> - <i> ''''' Ṭı̄reh ''''' </i> is subject to the same difficulty as <i> ''''' Ṭellūzah ''''' </i> . </p> <p> (2) One of the five daughters of Zelophehad (&nbsp;Numbers 26:33; &nbsp;Numbers 27:1; &nbsp;Numbers 36:11; &nbsp;Joshua 17:3 ). </p>
       
== Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_16787" /> ==
<p> Tir´zah, an ancient Canaanitish city , pleasantly situated , which Jeroboam made the capital of his kingdom, and which retained that rank till Samaria was built by Omri (;;;; ). The site is entirely unknown. </p>
          
          
==References ==
==References ==
<references>
<references>


<ref name="term_54439"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/tirzah Tirzah from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
<ref name="term_37872"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/fausset-s-bible-dictionary/tirzah+(2) Tirzah from Fausset's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_75194"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/smith-s-bible-dictionary/tirzah Tirzah from Smith's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_70883"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/people-s-dictionary-of-the-bible/tirzah Tirzah from People's Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_44323"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/holman-bible-dictionary/tirzah Tirzah from Holman Bible Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_48868"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hawker-s-poor-man-s-concordance-and-dictionary/tirzah Tirzah from Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_69014"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/tirzah Tirzah from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_17324"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/american-tract-society-bible-dictionary/tirzah Tirzah from American Tract Society Bible Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_63564"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/tirzah Tirzah from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_8903"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/tirzah Tirzah from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
          
          
<ref name="term_16787"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/kitto-s-popular-cyclopedia-of-biblial-literature/tirzah Tirzah from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature]</ref>
<ref name="term_63566"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/tirzah+(2) Tirzah from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
          
          
</references>
</references>

Latest revision as of 17:23, 15 October 2021

Fausset's Bible Dictionary [1]

A Canaanite city whose king was one of the 31 subdued by Joshua ( Joshua 13:24). The royal residence of the kings of Israel from Jeroboam to Omri, who removed the capital to Samaria ( 1 Kings 14:17;  1 Kings 15:21;  1 Kings 16:6;  1 Kings 16:17-18); Baasha was buried here. Zimri was besieged here by Omri, and perished in the flames of the palace. Menahem who smote Shallum "went up from Tirzah" ( 2 Kings 15:14;  2 Kings 15:16), but when reigning made Samaria his capital.

Celebrated for beauty ( Song of Solomon 6:4); some derive Tirzah from Ratsah , "pleasant." Its mention is no ground for assigning the Song to a date later than Solomon, as it was in his time the chief city of northern Israel as Jerusalem of southern Israel. The church is "a city set on an hill" ( Matthew 5:14), "well pleasing" to God ( Hebrews 13:21). In the middle ages Brocardus mentions a Thersa on a height three leagues E. of Samaria; this is the exact position of Telluzah, in the mountains N. of Nablus, a large flourishing town, precipitous toward the E. and accessible from the W.; without remains of antiquity; a corruption probably of Tirzah.

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature [2]

The present Teiasir, which Tristram assumes (Bible Places, page 196) as the modern representative, lies twelve miles east by north from Sebustieh (Samaria), and is described in the .Memoirs accompanying the Ordnance Survey (2:228, 245). As to the identity of the name, Lieut. Conder remarks (Tent Work, 2:108):

"It contains the exact letters of the Hebrew word, though the last two radicals are interchanged in position, a kind of change not unusual among the peasantry. The beauty of the position and the richness of the plain on the west, the ancient remains, and the old main road to the place from Shechem, seem to agree well with the idea of its having once been a capital; and if I am right in the suggestion, then the old sepulchres are probably, some of them, those of the early kings of Israel before the royal family began to be buried in Samaria."

References

  1. ↑ Tirzah from Fausset's Bible Dictionary
  2. ↑ Tirzah from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
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