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| == Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_37792" /> == | | == Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_37793" /> == |
| <p> ("a palm".) (See [[Thamar]] .) </p> <p> '''1.''' (See [[Judah]] .) Her importance in the narrative ( Genesis 38:6-30) lies in her being the instrument (though in an incestuous way) of saving from extinction the family and tribe from which [[Messiah]] was to spring. [[Er]] and [[Onan]] were dead; and Judah's wife Bathshun. Shelab alone remained; and Judah's parental fears for him, lest if joined to [[Tamar]] he too like his brothers should die, were preventing Judah from giving him as the tribe law required ( Deuteronomy 25:5; Matthew 22:24) to Tamar. She took the desperate measure of helping herself by incest. [[Pharez]] and [[Zarah]] were her sons by Judah; and a fruitful race followed, God not sanctioning but overruling evil to His own good purpose ( Romans 3:5-8; Ruth 4:12; Ruth 4:22; Matthew 1:3). </p> <p> '''2.''' Daughter of David and Maacah; the handsome Absalom's beautiful sister; forced by [[Amnon]] at his bad friend Jonadab's abominable suggestion (2 Samuel 13; 1 Chronicles 3:9). (See [[Absalom]] ; AMNON; JONADAB.) [[Beauty]] is a snare unless grace accompany and guard it ( Proverbs 31:30). Tamar excelled in baking palatable cakes (lebibah , "heartcakes," with spices as "cordials".) Amnon availed himself of this to effect his design, as if he wished to see the exquisite grace with which she baked before his eyes. </p> <p> She remonstrated at his force, dwelling twice on such baseness being wrought "in Israel," where a higher law existed than in pagandom. Yet such was the low opinion she, in common with the rest of David's children, formed of the king's foolish fondness for his offspring that she believed it would outweigh his regard for the law of God against incest ( Leviticus 18:9; Leviticus 18:11). Amnon was his oldest, son, from whom he would not withhold even a half sister! Each prince, it appears, had his own establishment, and princesses were not above baking; the king's daughters in their virginity were distinguished by "garments of divers colours." </p> <p> '''3.''' Absalom's sole surviving child, beautiful as her aunt and father; married [[Uriel]] of Gibeah, and bore Maachah, wife of [[Rehoboam]] king of Judah ( 1 Kings 15:2; 2 Chronicles 11:20-22; 2 Chronicles 13:2), and mother of [[Abijah]] ( 2 Samuel 14:7). </p> | | <p> A spot S.E. of Judah ( Ezekiel 47:12; Ezekiel 48:28). A day's journey S. of [[Hebron]] toward [[Elam]] (Elath on the Red Sea), according to the Onomasticon. </p> |
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| == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_9052" /> == | | == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_9056" /> == |
| <p> ( תּמר , <i> ''''' tāmār ''''' </i> , "palm tree"; Θαιμάν , <i> ''''' Thaimán ''''' </i> ): </p> <p> (1) This name occurs in Ezekiel's ideal delimitation of the territory to be occupied by [[Israel]] ( Ezekiel 47:19; Ezekiel 48: 28 ). The [[ Dead]] Sea is the eastern border; and the southern boundary runs from Tamar as far as the waters of Meriboth-kadesh to the [[ Brook]] of Egypt and the Great Sea. The place therefore lay somewhere to the Southwest of the Dead Sea. "Hazazon-tamar (the same is En-gedi)" ( 2 Chronicles 20: 2 ) is of course out of the question, being much too far to the North. [[ Eusebius]] (in <i> Onomasticon </i> ) mentions Asasonthamar, with which Thamara was identified. This place was a village with fortress and Roman garrison, a day's journey from Mampsis on the way from [[ Hebron]] to Elath. It is the Thamaro mentioned by [[ Ptolemy]] ( v. 16, 8), as a military station on the road from Hebron to Petra. It is named also in the Peutinger Tables. Neither Mampsis nor Thamaro has been identified. </p> <p> ( 2) Among the towns "built" or fortified by Solomon, named in 1 Kings 9: 18 , is Tamar (the Revised Version (British and American) following <i> ''''' Kethı̄bh''''' </i> ) , or [[Tadmor]] (the King James Version following < i> '''''Ḳerē''''' < /i> ; compare 2 Chronicles 8: 4 ). Gezer, Beth- horon and Baalath, named along with it, are all in Southern Palestine, while Tamar is described as in the wilderness in the land, pointing to the [[ Negeb]] or to the [[ Wilderness]] of Judah. It was probably intended to protect the road for trade from Ezion-geber to Jerusalem. We may with some confidence identify it with (1) above. It is interesting to note that the Chronicler ( 2 Chronicles 8:4 ) takes it out of connection with the other cities ( 2 Chronicles 8: 5 ) , and brings its building into relation with Solomon's conquest of Hamath-zobah. [[ Clearly]] in his mind it denoted the great and beautiful city of Palmyra, which has so long been known as "Tadmor in the Wilderness. " </p> | | <p> ''''' tā´mar ''''' ( תּמר , <i> ''''' tāmār ''''' </i> , "palm"; Codex Vaticanus Θημάρ , <i> ''''' Thēmár ''''' </i> ; Codex Alexandrinus Θαμάρ , <i> ''''' Thamár ''''' </i> (so Codex Vaticanus in Genesis)): </p> <p> (1) The wife of Er, the oldest son of Judah ( Genesis 38: 6 ff). Upon her husband's death under the displeasure of Yahweh, his brother [[ Onan]] ought to have performed the husband's part, but he evaded his duty in this respect, and likewise perished. Shelah, the next brother, was promised to her, but not given. This led [[ Tamar]] to the extraordinary course narrated in [[Genesis]] 38: 13 ff, on which see [[ Judah]] . By her father-in -law she became the mother of [[ Perez]] and [[ Zerah]] ( the King James Version "Pharez and Zarah"). Judah, who at first condemned her to be burned ( Genesis 38:24 ), was compelled to vindicate her ( Genesis 38:25 , Genesis 38: 26 ). Through Perez she became an ancestress of Jesus (Θαμάρ , <i> ''''' Thamár''''' </i> , Matthew 1:3 ) . < /p> < p> (2) A daughter of David and sister of Absalom ( 2 Samuel 13: 1 ff). Her beauty inflamed her half- brother Amnon with passion, and by stratagem he forcibly violated her. This brought upon Amnon the terrible revenge of Absalom. See [[ Absalom]] ; [[ Amnon]] . </p> <p> ( 3) A daughter of Absalom ( 2 Samuel 14: 27 ). See [[ Maacah]] . </p> |
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| ==References == | | ==References == |
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| <ref name="term_37792"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/fausset-s-bible-dictionary/tamar+(2) Tamar from Fausset's Bible Dictionary]</ref> | | <ref name="term_37793"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/fausset-s-bible-dictionary/tamar+(1) Tamar from Fausset's Bible Dictionary]</ref> |
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| <ref name="term_9052"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/tamar+(2) Tamar from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref> | | <ref name="term_9056"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/tamar+(1) Tamar from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref> |
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| </references> | | </references> |
Fausset's Bible Dictionary [1]
A spot S.E. of Judah ( Ezekiel 47:12; Ezekiel 48:28). A day's journey S. of Hebron toward Elam (Elath on the Red Sea), according to the Onomasticon.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [2]
tā´mar ( תּמר , tāmār , "palm"; Codex Vaticanus Θημάρ , Thēmár ; Codex Alexandrinus Θαμάρ , Thamár (so Codex Vaticanus in Genesis)):
(1) The wife of Er, the oldest son of Judah ( Genesis 38:6 ff). Upon her husband's death under the displeasure of Yahweh, his brother Onan ought to have performed the husband's part, but he evaded his duty in this respect, and likewise perished. Shelah, the next brother, was promised to her, but not given. This led Tamar to the extraordinary course narrated in Genesis 38:13 ff, on which see Judah . By her father-in-law she became the mother of Perez and Zerah (the King James Version "Pharez and Zarah"). Judah, who at first condemned her to be burned ( Genesis 38:24 ), was compelled to vindicate her ( Genesis 38:25 , Genesis 38:26 ). Through Perez she became an ancestress of Jesus (Θαμάρ , Thamár , Matthew 1:3 ).
(2) A daughter of David and sister of Absalom ( 2 Samuel 13:1 ff). Her beauty inflamed her half-brother Amnon with passion, and by stratagem he forcibly violated her. This brought upon Amnon the terrible revenge of Absalom. See Absalom; Amnon .
(3) A daughter of Absalom ( 2 Samuel 14:27 ). See Maacah .
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