Difference between revisions of "Sepharvaim"

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Sepharvaim <ref name="term_7838" />  
 
<p> ''''' sef ''''' - ''''' ar ''''' - ''''' vā´im ''''' , ''''' sē ''''' - ''''' far ''''' - ''''' vā´im ''''' ( ספרוים , <i> ''''' ṣepharwayı̄m ''''' </i> : Σεφφαρουάιμ , <i> ''''' Sephpharouáim ''''' </i> , Σεπφαρουάιμ , <i> ''''' Seppharouáim ''''' </i> , Σεπφαρούν , <i> ''''' Seppharoún ''''' </i> , Σεπφαρουμάιν , <i> ''''' Seppharoumáin ''''' </i> , Ἐπφαρουάιμ , <i> ''''' Eppharouáim ''''' </i> , Σεπφαρείμ , <i> ''''' Sepphareı́m ''''' </i> , the first two being the forms in manuscripts Alexandrinus and Vaticanus respectively, of the passages in Kings, and the last two in Isaiah): </p> <h4> 1. Formerly Identified with the Two [[Babylonian]] Sippars: </h4> <p> This city, mentioned in 2 Kings 17:24; 2 Kings 18:34; 2 Kings 19:13; Isaiah 36:19; Isaiah 37:13 , is generally identified with the <i> '''''Sip''''' ('''''p''''' )'''''ar''''' </i> of the Assyrians-Babylonian inscriptions ( <i> '''''Zimbir''''' </i> in Sumerian), on the Euphrates, about 16 miles Southwest of Bagdad. It was one of the two great seats of the worship of the Babylonian sun-god <i> '''''Šamaš''''' </i> , and also of the goddesses <i> '''''Išhtar''''' </i> and Anunit, and seems to have had two principal districts, Sippar of <i> '''''Šamaš''''' </i> , and Sippar of Anunit, which, if the identification were correct, would account for the dual termination - <i> '''''ayim''''' </i> , in Hebrew. This site is the modern <i> '''''‛Abu''''' </i> - <i> '''''Habbah''''' </i> , which was first excavated by the late Hormuzd Rassam in 1881, and has furnished an enormous number of inscriptions, some of them of the highest importance. </p> <h4> 2. Difficulties of That Identification: </h4> <p> Besides the fact that the deities of the two cities, Sippar and Sepharvaim, are not the same, it is to be noted that in 2 Kings 19:13 the king of [[Sepharvaim]] is referred to, and, as far as is known, the Babylonian Sippar never had a king of its own, nor had Akkad, with which it is in part identified, for at least 1,200 years before Sennacherib. The fact that [[Babylon]] and [[Cuthah]] head the list of cities mentioned is no indication that Sepharvaim was a Babylonian town - the composition of the list, indeed, points the other way, for the name comes after Ava and Hamath, implying that it lay in Syria. </p> <h4> 3. Another Suggestion: </h4> <p> [[Joseph]] Halevy therefore suggests ( <i> Za </i> , II, 401 ff) that it should be identified with the [[Sibraim]] of Ezekiel 47:16 , between [[Damascus]] and [[Hamath]] (the dual implying a frontier town), and the same as the <i> '''''Šabara'in''''' </i> of the Babylonian Chronicle, there referred to as having been captured by Shalmaneser. As, however, Sabara'in may be read Samara'in, it is more likely to have been the [[Hebrew]] <i> '''''Shōmerōn''''' </i> (Samaria), as pointed out by Fried. Delitzsch. </p> <h4> Literature. </h4> <p> See Schrader, The <i> [[Cuneiform]] [[Inscriptions]] and the Old [[Testament]] </i> , I, 71 f; Kittel on K; Dillmann-Kittel on <i> Isa </i> , at the place; <i> Hdb </i> , under the word </p>
Sepharvaim <ref name="term_60168" />
==References ==
<p> Dr. [[William]] Hayes Ward, who has recently explored the region in question, and is well versed likewise in Assyriology, finds in the ancient inscriptions four cities or districts called Sippara, the Greek, equivalent of this name. Of these the two principal ones, he thinks, were the "Sippara of the Sun," discovered by Mr. Rassam at Abu-Habba, and the original place, known as the "Sippara of Anuenit," being the one where [[Sargon]] I was exposed in his infancy, the town of Xisuthrus, the one captured by [[Cyrus]] without fighting, and the seat of the famous [[Jewish]] school, which Dr. Ward believes he has found in the large tell or mound still bearing the mediaeval name of Anbar, south of the point of the effluence of the Sokkameh canal from the Euphrates. See Hebraica, January 1886, page 79 sq. </p>
 
== References ==
<references>
<references>
<ref name="term_7838"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/sepharvaim Sepharvaim from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
<ref name="term_60168"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/sepharvaim+(2) Sepharvaim from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
</references>
</references>

Latest revision as of 17:03, 15 October 2021

Sepharvaim [1]

Dr. William Hayes Ward, who has recently explored the region in question, and is well versed likewise in Assyriology, finds in the ancient inscriptions four cities or districts called Sippara, the Greek, equivalent of this name. Of these the two principal ones, he thinks, were the "Sippara of the Sun," discovered by Mr. Rassam at Abu-Habba, and the original place, known as the "Sippara of Anuenit," being the one where Sargon I was exposed in his infancy, the town of Xisuthrus, the one captured by Cyrus without fighting, and the seat of the famous Jewish school, which Dr. Ward believes he has found in the large tell or mound still bearing the mediaeval name of Anbar, south of the point of the effluence of the Sokkameh canal from the Euphrates. See Hebraica, January 1886, page 79 sq.

References