Difference between revisions of "Prince"

<div> '''1: '''''Ἀρχηγός''''' ''' (Strong'S #747 — Adjective — archegos — ar-khay-gos' ) </div> <p> primarily an adjective signifying "originating, beginning," is used as a noun, denoting "a founder, author, prince or leader," &nbsp;Acts 3:15 , "Prince" (marg., "Author"); &nbsp;Acts 5:31; see [[Author]] , No. 2. </p> <div> '''2: '''''Ἄρχων''''' ''' (Strong'S #758 — Noun Masculine — archon — ar'-khone ) </div> <p> the present participle of the verb archo, "to rule;" denotes "a ruler, a prince." It is used as follows ("p" denoting "prince," or "princes;" "r," "ruler" or "rulers"): (a) of Christ, as "the Ruler (AV, Prince) of the kings of the earth," &nbsp;Revelation 1:5; (b) of rulers of nations, &nbsp;Matthew 20:25 , RV, "r," AV, "p;" &nbsp;Acts 4:26 , "r;" &nbsp;Acts 7:27 , "r;" &nbsp;Acts 7:35 , "r" (twice); (c) of judges and magistrates, &nbsp;Acts 16:19 , "r;" &nbsp;Romans 13:3 , "r;" (d) of members of the Sanhedrin, &nbsp;Luke 14:1 , RV, "r" (AV, "chief"); &nbsp;Luke 23:13,35 , "r;" so &nbsp;Luke 24:20; &nbsp;John 3:1; &nbsp;7:26,48; &nbsp;12:42 , RV, "r" (AV, "chief r."); "r" in &nbsp;Acts 3:17; &nbsp;4:5,8; &nbsp;13:27; &nbsp;14:5; (e) of rulers of synagogues, &nbsp;Matthew 9:18,23 , "r;" so &nbsp;Luke 8:41; &nbsp;18:18; (f) of the Devil, as "prince" of this world, &nbsp;John 12:31; &nbsp;14:30; &nbsp;16:11; of the power of the air, &nbsp;Ephesians 2:2 , "the air" being that sphere in which the inhabitants of the world live and which, through the rebellious and godless condition of humanity, constitutes the seat of his authority; (g) of Beelzebub, the "prince" of the demons, &nbsp;Matthew 9:24; &nbsp;12:24; &nbsp;Mark 3:22; &nbsp;Luke 11:15 . See [[Chief]] , B, No. 10. </p> <div> '''3: '''''Ἡγεμών''''' ''' (Strong'S #2232 — Noun Masculine — hegemon — hayg-em-ohn' ) </div> <p> "a leader, ruler," is translated "princes" (i.e., leaders) in &nbsp;Matthew 2:6 : see [[Governor]] , A, No. 1. </p> &nbsp;Revelation 6:15&nbsp;18:23[[Lord]]

<p> '''A. Nouns. ''' </p> <p> <em> Nâśı̂y' </em> ( '''''נָשִׁא''''' , Strong'S #5387), “prince; chief; leader.” This noun appears 129 times in biblical Hebrew. An early occurrence of <em> nâśı̂y' </em> is in Gen. 23:6: “Hear us, my lord: thou art a mighty prince among us.…” The books of Numbers and Ezekiel use the word most frequently. [[Elsewhere]] it rarely occurs. </p> <p> Though the origin and meaning of <em> nâśı̂y' </em> are controversial, it is clearly associated with leadership, both [[Israelite]] and non-lsraelite. M. Noth proposed the idea that the <em> nâśı̂y' </em> was originally a tribal representative or a “deputy, chief.” Ishmael was promised to give rise to twelve “princes” (Gen. 17:20; cf. 25:16); the [[Midianites]] had “princes” (Num. 25:18), as well as the [[Amorites]] (Josh. 13:21), the peoples of the sea (Ezek. 26:16), [[Kedar]] (Ezek. 27:21), Egypt (Ezek. 30:13), and [[Edom]] (Ezek. 32:29). Also [[Israel]] had her “princes” (“rulers”): “… On the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for one man: and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses” (Exod. 16:22). The “princes” (“leaders”) of Israel did not only participate in the civil leadership; they were also regarded as pillars in Israelite religious life, the upholders of the covenantal way of life: “And Moses called unto them; and Aaron and all the rulers of the congregation returned unto him: and Moses talked with them” (Exod. 34:31; cf. Josh. 22:30). Hence, Israel was to obey her “leaders”: “Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people” (Exod. 22:28). </p> <p> The [[Septuagint]] translation is <em> arxon </em> (“ruler; lord; prince; authority; official”), and the KJV has these translations: “prince; captain; chief; ruler.” </p> <p> Another noun, <em> neshi’im </em> , is related to <em> neshi’. </em> —The word, which is found 4 times, means “clouds”: “Whoso boasteth himself of a false gift is like clouds and wind without rain” (Prov. 25:14; cf. Ps. 135:7; Jer. 10:13; 51:16). </p> <p> '''B. Verb. ''' </p> <p> <em> Nâśâ' </em> ( '''''נָסָה''''' , Strong'S #5375), “to lift up, carry.” This verb appears 654 times in the Old Testament; once in Gen. 44:1: “Fill the men’s sacks with food, as much as they can carry.…” </p>

<p> '''Prince.''' The only special uses of the word " '''prince''' " are - "Princes of provinces," &nbsp;1 Kings 20:14, who were probably local governors or magistrates. The "princes" mentioned in &nbsp;Daniel 6:1, (see &nbsp;Esther 1:1, were the predecessors of the satraps of [[Darius]] Hystaspes. The word " '''princess''' " is seldom used in the Bible, but the persons to which it alludes - ''"Daughters Of Kings"'' are frequently mentioned. </p>

<p> ''''' prins ''''' : This word occurs quite frequently in our English Bible, mostly in the Old Testament. While it is never used to denote royal parentage (compare &nbsp; 1 Chronicles 29:24 ), it often indicates actual royal or ruling power, together with royal dignity and authority. As a rule, the name is given to human beings; in a few instances it is applied to God and Christ, the angels and the devil. </p> <p> In &nbsp;Matthew 2:6 the word rendered "princes" might be translated "princely cities"; at least, this seems to be implied. Here the term ἡγεμών , <i> ''''' hēgemṓn ''''' </i> , "leader," "ruler," "prince," is used, undoubtedly to hint at the fact that [[Bethlehem]] was the native city of a great prince. In the other New [[Testament]] passages the word ἄρχων , <i> ''''' árchōn ''''' </i> , "a potentate," "a person in authority," "a magistrate," occurs most frequently (compare &nbsp;Matthew 9:34; &nbsp;Matthew 12:24; &nbsp;Matthew 20:25 (the Revised Version (British and American) "ruler"); &nbsp; Mark 3:22; &nbsp;John 12:31; &nbsp;John 14:30; &nbsp;John 16:11; &nbsp;1 Corinthians 2:6 , &nbsp;1 Corinthians 2:8 the King James Version; &nbsp; Ephesians 2:2; &nbsp;Revelation 1:5 (the Revised Version (British and American) "ruler")). In most of these instances the term "prince" refers to the devil. </p> <p> In &nbsp;Acts 3:15; &nbsp;Acts 5:31 , the word ἀρχηγός , <i> ''''' archēgós ''''' </i> , "leader," is employed referring to Christ as the author of life and salvation (compare &nbsp;Hebrews 12:2 , where the term <i> ''''' archēgos ''''' </i> is rendered "author" (Revised Version) or "captain" (Revised Version margin)). </p> <p> The Old Testament contains a number of different words mostly rendered "prince" or "princes" in the English [[Versions]] of the Bible. </p> <p> (1) שׂר , <i> ''''' sar ''''' </i> : In &nbsp; Joshua 5:14 the mysterious armed stranger seen by Joshua near [[Jericho]] calls himself the "prince of the host of Yahweh": a high military title applied to a superhuman being. In &nbsp; Isaiah 9:6 , the name is given to the child representing the future Messiah. The term "Prince of Peace" denotes the eminent position and the peaceful reign of the Messianic king: the highest human title in its most ideal sense. &nbsp;Daniel 8:11 : here, again, as in &nbsp; Joshua 5:14 , occurs the phrase "prince of the host." In &nbsp;Daniel 8:25 "the prince of princes" refers to God Himself: the highest human title in its absolute sense applied to God. &nbsp; Daniel 10:21 : "Michael your prince." Michael the archangel is here called the prince of the [[Jewish]] people. He is the princely representative of God's people in the sight of God, a royal title suggesting high power and alliance with God in the great struggle going on between Him and the powers of darkness. &nbsp; Daniel 12:1 : here Michael is called "the great prince" who standeth for the children of Israel; supplementing &nbsp; Daniel 10:21 . In &nbsp;Daniel 10:13 : "the prince of the kingdom of Persia" (compare &nbsp; Daniel 10:20 , "the prince of Persia," "the prince of Greece"), the expression is used in the same general sense as in &nbsp;Daniel 10:21 . Each individual nation is represented as guided by a spiritual being that may or may not be an ally of God in His combat with the devil. In the majority of cases, though, the term <i> ''''' sar ''''' </i> is applied ( <i> a </i> ) to men exercising royal or ruling power: &nbsp;Proverbs 8:16 : "By me princes (margin "or rulers") rule" &nbsp; Isaiah 32:1 : "Behold, a king shall reign in righteousness, and princes shall rule in justice." Judicial power is included (compare &nbsp; Exodus 2:14 : "Who made thee a prince and a judge over us?" and &nbsp; Psalm 148:11 : "princes and all judges of the earth"). In some passages the word <i> ''''' sar ''''' </i> , having been rendered "prince," stands for "chief"; so &nbsp;Judges 7:25 : "They took the two princes of Midian" (compare &nbsp; Judges 8:14; &nbsp;1 Samuel 29:4; &nbsp;2 Samuel 10:3 , etc.). ( <i> b </i> ) To royal officers of a high rank: &nbsp;Genesis 12:15 : "the princes of Pharaoh" (compare &nbsp; 2 Kings 24:14 : "Jerus and all the princes"; &nbsp; 1 Chronicles 29:24; &nbsp;2 Chronicles 24:23; &nbsp;Jeremiah 36:21; &nbsp;Jeremiah 52:10; &nbsp;Hosea 5:10 , etc.). "Ambassadors" (&nbsp;Jeremiah 36:14 ); "governors" (&nbsp;1 Kings 20:14 : "By the young men (margin "or, servants") of the princes of the provinces"; compare &nbsp; Esther 1:3 , &nbsp;Esther 1:14 , "the seven princes"); "the chief of the eunuchs" (&nbsp;Daniel 1:7 ); a "quartermaster" (&nbsp;Jeremiah 51:59 : "Seraiah was chief chamberlain" (margin "or, quartermaster")). The King James Version renders it "a quiet prince," i.e. a prince having rest, instead of procuring rest ( מנוּחה שׂר , <i> ''''' sar ''''' </i> <i> ''''' menūḥāh ''''' </i> , "a <i> ''''' sar ''''' </i> of rest"). In post-exilic times: &nbsp;Ezra 9:1 : "The princes drew near unto me." They were the political leaders of the people (compare &nbsp; Ezra 10:8 : "the princes and the elders"; &nbsp; Nehemiah 9:38 : "our princes, our Levites, and our priests"; &nbsp; Nehemiah 11:1 : "The princes of the people dwelt in Jerus"; &nbsp; Nehemiah 12:31 : "the princes of Judah"). Of course, they were all subject to the authority of the Persian kings. ( <i> c </i> ) To the priesthood: &nbsp;1 Chronicles 24:5 : "princes of the sanctuary, and princes of God" (of &nbsp; Isaiah 43:28 ). ( <i> d </i> ) On account of great achievements: &nbsp;2 Samuel 3:38 : "Know ye not that there is a prince and a great man fallen this day in Israel?" - an honorary title. [[Generally]] speaking, a prince is a wealthy man (compare &nbsp; Job 34:19 : "That respecteth not the persons of princes, nor regardeth the rich more than the poor"), and he is a prominent man embodying true, although mortal, manhood (compare &nbsp; Psalm 82:7 : "Nevertheless ye shall die like men, and fall like one of the princes). </p> <p> (2) נשׂיא , <i> ''''' nāsı̄' ''''' </i> : usually derived from נשׂא , <i> ''''' nāsā' ''''' </i> , "to lift," hence, "exalted"; otherwise: a "speaker." ( <i> a </i> ) An honorary title (compare &nbsp; Genesis 23:6 : "Thou art a prince of God among us." The distinction is conferred upon Abraham by the children of Heth). ( <i> b </i> ) A name given to the heads of the Israelite tribes, families and fathers' houses: &nbsp;Numbers 3:24 : "the prince of the fathers' house of the Gershonites" (compare &nbsp; Numbers 3:30 , &nbsp;Numbers 3:35 ); &nbsp;Numbers 3:32 : "Eleazar ... shall be prince of the princes of the Levites, and have the oversight of them that keep the charge of the sanctuary"; &nbsp; Numbers 4:34 : "the princes of the congregation." They seem to be identical with the "rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens" (compare &nbsp; Exodus 18:21; &nbsp;Numbers 16:2 ). &nbsp;Numbers 7:2 : "the princes of Israel, the heads of their fathers' houses ... the princes of the tribes" (compare &nbsp; Numbers 17:2 , &nbsp;Numbers 17:6; &nbsp;Numbers 34:18; &nbsp;Joshua 22:14; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 4:38 ). ( <i> c </i> ) Equivalent to chief or king: &nbsp;Genesis 17:20 : "Twelve princes shall he beget" (compare &nbsp; Genesis 25:16 ); &nbsp;Genesis 34:2 : "Shechem the son of [[Hamor]] the Hivite, the prince of the land"; &nbsp; Numbers 25:18 : "Cozbi, the daughter of the prince of Midian" (compare &nbsp; Joshua 13:21 ); &nbsp;1 Kings 11:34 : "I will make him prince all the days of his life." This was said of Solomon, which shows the term equivalent to king. Of special interest is the use of the word <i> ''''' nāsı̄' ''''' </i> in Ezekiel. The name is given to the Jewish king (compare &nbsp;Ezekiel 12:10 : "This burden concerneth the prince in Jerusalem"). Then, again, it is applied to the future theocratic king (compare &nbsp; Ezekiel 34:24; &nbsp;Ezekiel 37:25 , etc., and especially chapters 45; 46). It is also used of foreign potentates and high officers (compare &nbsp;Ezekiel 26:16 : "the princes of the sea"; &nbsp; Ezekiel 28:2 : "the prince of Tyre"; &nbsp; Ezekiel 30:13 : "a prince from the land of Egypt"); &nbsp; Ezekiel 32:29 : "Edom, her kings and all her princes"; and, likewise, of high Jewish officers (&nbsp; Ezekiel 21:12 ). ( <i> d </i> ) A title bestowed upon Sheshbazzar (&nbsp;Ezra 1:8 ). </p> <p> (3) נדיב , <i> ''''' nādhı̄bh ''''' </i> : &nbsp; 1 Samuel 2:8 : "To make them sit with princes" (compare &nbsp; Psalm 113:8 ). The original meaning of the term is willing or obliging; then generous ("liberal"; compare &nbsp;Proverbs 19:6 : "Many will entreat the favor of the liberal man"; yet, it might safely be rendered here "prince", margin) or noble-minded; a gentleman, a nobleman, a person of rank, a prince. &nbsp; Job 12:21 : "He poureth contempt upon princes" (compare &nbsp; Psalm 107:40 ); &nbsp;Job 21:28 : "Where is the house of the prince? And where is the tent wherein the wicked dwelt?" The context here suggests the thought of a wicked prince, a tyrant. &nbsp; Psalm 47:9 : "The princes of the peoples are gathered together" (compare &nbsp; Psalm 118:9; &nbsp;Psalm 146:3; &nbsp;Proverbs 17:7; &nbsp;Proverbs 25:7; &nbsp;Song of Solomon 7:1 ). </p> <p> (4) נגיד , <i> ''''' nāghı̄dh ''''' </i> : According to Gesenius, this term denotes originally either a high-minded person (compare the preceding word, <i> ''''' nādhı̄bh ''''' </i> ) or a speaker, a spokesman; then a prince, a king. &nbsp; 1 Samuel 13:14 : "Yahweh hath appointed him to be prince over his people" (compare &nbsp; 2 Samuel 5:2 : "Thou shalt be prince (the Revised Version margin "leader") over Israel"; &nbsp; 2 Samuel 6:21; &nbsp;2 Samuel 7:8; &nbsp;1 Kings 1:35; &nbsp;1 Kings 14:7; &nbsp;1 Kings 16:2; &nbsp;Job 29:9; &nbsp;Job 31:37; &nbsp;Psalm 76:12; &nbsp;Proverbs 28:16; &nbsp;Ezekiel 28:2 : "prince of Tyre"; &nbsp; Daniel 9:25 : "the anointed one, the prince," the King James Version the "Messiah the Prince"; &nbsp; Daniel 9:26 : "the prince that shall come" (the Roman emperor?); &nbsp; Daniel 11:22 : "the prince of the covenant" (either a high priest or some [[Egyptian]] king, [[Ptolemeus]] Philometor?). </p> <p> (5), (6) רזון , <i> ''''' rāzōn ''''' </i> , and רוזן , <i> ''''' rōzēn ''''' </i> , "a high official," "a prince," usually associated with the word "king" or "judge." &nbsp; Proverbs 14:28 : "In the multitude of people is the king's glory; but in the want of people is the destruction of the prince" ( <i> ''''' rāzōn ''''' </i> ); &nbsp;Judges 5:3 : "Hear, [[O]] ye kings; give ear, O ye princes" ( <i> ''''' rōzenı̄m ''''' </i> ); &nbsp;Proverbs 8:15 : "By me kings reign, and princes ( <i> ''''' rōzenı̄m ''''' </i> ) decree justice" (compare &nbsp;Proverbs 31:4; &nbsp;Habakkuk 1:10 ); &nbsp;Isaiah 40:23 : "that bringeth princes ( <i> ''''' rōzenı̄m ''''' </i> ) to nothing; that maketh the judges of the earth as vanity." </p> <p> (7) נסך , <i> ''''' nāṣı̄kh ''''' </i> , derived from נסך , <i> ''''' nāṣakh ''''' </i> , "to install a king" (compare &nbsp; Psalm 2:6 ); hence, a prince: &nbsp;Joshua 13:21 : "the princes of Sihon" (compare &nbsp; Psalm 83:11 ); &nbsp;Ezekiel 32:30 : "the princes of the north"; &nbsp; Micah 5:5 : the Revised Version (British and American) "principal men," the Revised Version margin "princes among men"; &nbsp; Daniel 11:8 : the Revised Version (British and American) "molten images," the Revised Version margin "princes." </p> <p> (8) קצין , <i> ''''' ḳācı̄n ''''' </i> , "a judge," "a military leader," "a prince"; &nbsp; Daniel 11:18 : "A prince (the Revised Version margin "captain") shall cause the reproach ... to cease" (probably a Roman consul; a Roman general?). </p> <p> (9) שׁלישׁ , <i> ''''' shālı̄sh ''''' </i> : The usual explanation, "one of the three men on a war-chariot" is highly improbable; [[Gesenius]] suggests that it is a loan-word, and renders it "hero." &nbsp; Ezekiel 23:15 : "All of them princes to look upon" ("picked men," Gesenius). </p> <p> (10) חשׁמנּים , <i> ''''' ḥashmannı̄m ''''' </i> : &nbsp; Psalm 68:31 : "Princes shall come out of Egypt." Septuagint renders it πρέσβεις , <i> ''''' présbeis ''''' </i> , "ambassadors," [[Vulgate]] (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) <i> legati </i> . But the meaning is uncertain. See also Governor , 1, (8). </p>

<p> is the rendering of several Heb. and Gr. words in the A. V. Sar, '''''שִׂר''''' (from '''''שָׂרִר''''' , ''To Rule, To Have Dominion'' ; Sept. '''''Ἄρχων''''' ; Vulg. princts), ''The Chief Of'' ''Any Class, The [[Master]] Of A Company, A Prince Or Noble'' ; used of Pharaoh's chief butler and baker (&nbsp;Genesis 40:2 sq.); of the taskmasters set over the [[Israelites]] in Egypt (&nbsp;Exodus 1:11); even of chief herdsmen (&nbsp;Genesis 47:6). It is frequently used for military commanders (&nbsp;Exodus 18:21 ["rulers"]; &nbsp;2 Kings 1:9 ["captain"]; &nbsp;Isaiah 3:3, etc.), and or princes both supreme and subordinate (&nbsp;1 Samuel 29:3; &nbsp;Job 29:1; &nbsp;Job 29:9; &nbsp;Isaiah 49:7; &nbsp;Jeremiah 51:59, etc.). In &nbsp;Daniel 8:11 God is called '''''שִׂר''''' '''''הִצָּבָ''''' ( ''Sar Hatstaba'' ), Prince of the host; and in &nbsp;Daniel 8:25 the title '''''שָׁרִים''''' '''''שָׂר''''' ( ''Sar Sarim'' ), Prince of princes, is applied to the Messiah. The "princes of the provinces" ( '''''הִמְּדִינוֹת''''' '''''שָׁרֵו''''' , ''Sarey Ham-Medinoth,'' &nbsp;1 Kings 20:14) were probably the district magistrates who had taken refire in [[Samaria]] during the invasion of Benhadad, and their "young men" were their attendants, '''''Παιδάρια''''' , ''Pedisseqiui'' (Thenius, Ewall. ''Gesch'' . 3, 495). [[Josephus]] savs, '''''Υἱοὶ''''' '''''Τῶν''''' '''''Ἡγεμόνων''''' ([[Ant]] . 8:14, 2). </p> <p> There is a peculiar sense in which the term "prince" is used by the prophet Daniel: thus, "Prince of the kingdom of Persia" (&nbsp;Daniel 10:13), "Michael your prince" (&nbsp;Daniel 10:21). In these passages the term probably means a tutelary angel; and the doctrine of tutelary angels of different countries seems to be countenanced by several passages of Scripture (&nbsp;Zechariah 3:1; &nbsp;Zechariah 6:5; &nbsp;Judges 1:9; &nbsp;Revelation 12:7). Michael and [[Gabriel]] were probably the tutelary angels of the Jews. These names do not occur [[In]] any books of the Old Test. that were written before the captivity; and it is suggested by some that they were borrowed from the Chaldaeans, with whom and the [[Persians]] the doctrine of the general administration and superintendence of angels over empires and provinces was commonly received. (See [[Angel]]). </p> <p> '''2.''' ''Nagid'' , '''''נָגִיד''''' : (from, '''''נָגִד''''' to be in front, to precede; Sept. '''''Ἄρχων''''' or '''''Ἡγούμενος''''' ; Vulg. ''Dux'' ), ''One Who Has The Precedence, A Leader, Or Chief'' , used of persons set over any undertaking, superintending any trust, or invested with supreme power (&nbsp;1 Kings 14:7; Psalm 76:13; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 26:24 ["ruler"]; &nbsp;1 Samuel 9:16 ["captain"], etc.). In &nbsp;Daniel 9:25 it is applied to the Messiah; and in &nbsp;Daniel 11:22 to [[Ptolemy]] Philometor, king of Egypt. </p> <p> '''3.''' ''Nadib'' , '''''נָדִיב''''' (from '''''נָדִב''''' , which in Hithp. signifies to ''Volunteer, To [[Offer]] [[Voluntarily]] Or Spontaneously;'' chiefly in poetry; Sept. '''''Ἄρχων''''' ; Vulg. ''Princeps'' ), ''Generous, Noble-Minded, [[Noble]] By Birth'' (&nbsp;1 Samuel 2:8; &nbsp;Psalms 107:40; &nbsp;Psalms 113:8; &nbsp;Psalms 118:9; &nbsp;Proverbs 27:7, etc.). This word is the converse of the preceding; '''''נָגִיד''''' means primarily a chief, and derivatively what is morally noble, excellent (&nbsp;Proverbs 8:6); '''''נדיב''''' means primarily what is morally noble, and derivatively one who is noble by birth or position. </p> <p> '''4.''' [[Nasi]] , '''''נָשִׂיץ''''' (from '''''נָשָׂץ''''' , ''To [[Lift]] Up'' , Niph. ''To Be Elevated'' ; Sept. '''''Ἄρχων''''' , '''''Ἡγούμενος''''' , '''''Ἡγεμών''''' , '''''Βασιλεύς''''' Vulg. ''Princeps'' , ''Dux'' ), ''One Exalted'' ; used as a general term for princes, including kings (&nbsp;1 Kings 11:24; &nbsp;Ezekiel 12:10, etc.), heads of tribes or families (&nbsp;Numbers 1:44; &nbsp;Numbers 3:24 [A. V. "chief"]; &nbsp;Numbers 7:10; &nbsp;Numbers 34:18; &nbsp;Genesis 17:20; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 7:40, etc.). In the A.V. it is often rendered "ruler" or "captain." In &nbsp;Genesis 23:6 Abraham is addressed by the sons of [[Heth]] as '''''נָשִׂיץ''''' '''''אֵֹלהִים''''' ( ''Nasi Elohim'' ), a prince of God, i.e. constituted, and consequently protected, by God [A.V. "mighty prince"]. This word appears on the coins of [[Judas]] Maccableus (Gesenius, Thesaur. p. 917). </p> <p> '''5.''' ''Nasik'' , '''''נָסִיךְ''''' (from '''''נָסִךְ''''' , ''To [[Pour]] Out, Anoint'' ; Sept. '''''Ἄρχων''''' ; Vulg. ''Princeps'' ; &nbsp;Psalms 83:11; &nbsp;Ezekiel 32:30; &nbsp;Daniel 11:5; "duke," &nbsp;Joshua 13:8; "principal," &nbsp;Micah 5:5). </p> <p> '''6.''' ''Katsin'' , '''''קָצִין''''' (from '''''קָצָה''''' , ''To Cut, To Decide'' ; Sept. '''''Ἀρχηγός''''' , '''''Ἄρχων''''' ; Vulg. ''Princeps'' ; &nbsp;Proverbs 25:15; &nbsp;Daniel 11:18; &nbsp;Micah 3:1; &nbsp;Micah 3:9; elsewhere "captain," "guide," "ruler"). </p> <p> '''7.''' [[Rab]] , '''''רִב''''' (usually an adj. great; Sept. '''''Ἄρχων''''' , '''''Ἡγεμών''''' ; Vulg. ''Optimus'' ); only occasional; but used in compounds, e.g. Rab-mag, Rab-saris (q.v.). So its Chald. reduplicature ''Rabreban'' , '''''רִבְרְבָן''''' , in the plur. (&nbsp;Daniel 5:2-3; elsewhere "lords"). </p> <p> '''8.''' ''Rozen'' , '''''רֹזֵן''''' (participle of '''''רָזִן''''' , ''To Rule'' ; Sept. ( '''''Σατράπης''''' , '''''Δυνάστης''''' ; Vulg. ''Princeps, Legum Conditor'' ), a poetical word (&nbsp;Judges 5:3; &nbsp;Proverbs 8:15; &nbsp;Proverbs 31:4; &nbsp;Isaiah 40:23; &nbsp;Habakkuk 1:10 "ruller," &nbsp;Psalms 2:2). </p> <p> '''9.''' ''Shalish'' , '''''שָׁלִישׁ''''' (apparently from '''''שָלוֹשׁ''''' , [[Three]] ; only &nbsp;Ezekiel 23:13; elsewhere "captain" [q.v.]). </p> <p> '''10.''' Achashdarpenaya (Chald. plur. '''''אֲחִשְׁדִּרְפְּנִיָּ''''' '''''‹''''' , &nbsp;Daniel 3:2; &nbsp;Daniel 3:27; &nbsp;Daniel 6:1-7; Sept.; '''''Ὕρατοι''''' ), a Persian word. Those mentioned in &nbsp;Daniel 6:1 (see Esther 1, 1) were the predecessors, either in fact or in place, of the satraps of Darius Hystaspis (Herod. 3, 89). (See [[Satrap]]). </p> <p> '''11.''' ''Chashmannim'' , '''''חִשְׁמִנִּים''''' (plur. literally ''Rich'' , only in &nbsp;Psalms 68:13). </p> <p> '''12.''' ''Segen'' , '''''סֶגֶן''''' (a Persian word, used only in the plur. Isaiah 11:25; elsewhere "rulers"). </p> <p> '''13.''' ''Partemim'' , only in the plur. '''''פִּרְתְּמִים''''' (another Persian word, &nbsp;Daniel 1:3; elsewhere "rulers"). </p> <p> '''14.''' '''''῎Αρχων''''' , which in the Sept. appears as the rendering of all the [[Hebrew]] words above cited, in the New Test. is used of earthly princes (&nbsp;Matthew 20:25; &nbsp;1 Corinthians 2:6), of Jesus Christ (&nbsp;Revelation 1:5), and of Satan (&nbsp;Matthew 9:34; &nbsp;Matthew 12:24; Mark 3, 22; &nbsp;John 12:31; &nbsp;John 14:30; &nbsp;John 16:11; &nbsp;Ephesians 2:2). On the phrase "prince of the power of the air" in this last passage, see AIR. </p> <p> '''15.''' '''''Ἀρχηγός''''' , which in [[Theodotion]] is the rendering of '''''נָשִׂיא''''' (&nbsp;Numbers 13:3; &nbsp;Numbers 16:2); and in the Sept. is the rendering of '''''שִׂר''''' (Judges 5, 15; Nehemiah 2, 9; &nbsp;Isaiah 30:4), in the New Test. is applied only to our Lord (&nbsp;Acts 3:15; &nbsp;Acts 5:31; &nbsp;Hebrews 2:10 [A. V. "captain"]; &nbsp;Hebrews 12:2 [A. V. "author"]). </p> <p> '''16.''' '''''῾Ηγεμών''''' is used (&nbsp;Matthew 2:6) in a general sense for a chief or ruler. (See Governor); (See [[King]]); (See [[Ruler]]). </p>