Difference between revisions of "Pygarg"
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_53297" /> == | == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_53297" /> == | ||
<p> <strong> | <p> <strong> [[Pygarg]] </strong> ( <em> dîshôn </em> ). [[A]] ‘clean’ animal, Deuteronomy 14:5 only. From its associates in the same verse it may be inferred that it was a deer of some kind. The [[Lxx]] [Note: Septuagint.] tr. [Note: translate or translation.] is, on what grounds is not known, <em> pygargos, i.e. </em> ‘white-rumped’ (hence the Eng. ‘pygarg’). This description and a process of exclusion the hart, roebuck, etc., all being otherwise accounted for make it probable that the <em> dîshôn </em> was the <em> addax </em> ( <em> [[A.]] nasomaculatus </em> ), an <strong> antelope </strong> with a white tail and long, backward-curved, twisted horns. It is rare in [[Palestine]] to-day, but is known to the Bedouin. </p> <p> [[E.]] [[W.]] [[G.]] Masterman. </p> | ||
== Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_37105" /> == | == Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_37105" /> == | ||
<p> dishon . A clean animal (Deuteronomy 14:5). A generic name for the "white rumped (as pugarg means in Greek) antelope" of northern Africa and Syria. The [[Septuagint]] has translated the [[Hebrew]] by "pygarg "; living near the habitat of the pygarg they were likely to know. The mohr kind is best known, 2 ft. 8 in. high at the croup. The tail is long, with a long black tuft at the end; the whole part round the base of the tail is white, contrasting with the deep brown red of the flanks. Conder (Palestine Exploration, July, 1876) makes it the "gazelle". </p> | <p> dishon . [[A]] clean animal ( Deuteronomy 14:5). [[A]] generic name for the "white rumped ''(as '' pugarg '' means in Greek)'' antelope" of northern Africa and Syria. The [[Septuagint]] has translated the [[Hebrew]] by "pygarg "; living near the habitat of the pygarg they were likely to know. The mohr kind is best known, 2 ft. 8 in. high at the croup. The tail is long, with a long black tuft at the end; the whole part round the base of the tail is white, contrasting with the deep brown red of the flanks. Conder (Palestine Exploration, July, 1876) makes it the "gazelle". </p> | ||
== Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_68167" /> == | == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_68167" /> == | ||
<p> <i> dishon. </i> This animal is only mentioned as clean for food. Deuteronomy 14:5 . The word pygarg signifies, as some think, 'white on its hind quarters,' which agrees with some of the antelopes; others think it is probably a gazelle, and others the addax, the <i> Antilope addax. </i> </p> | <p> <i> dishon. </i> This animal is only mentioned as clean for food. Deuteronomy 14:5 . The word pygarg signifies, as some think, 'white on its hind quarters,' which agrees with some of the antelopes; others think it is probably a gazelle, and others the addax, the <i> Antilope addax. </i> </p> | ||
== Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_74372" /> == | == Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_74372" /> == | ||
<p> Pygarg. Pygarg, occurs, Deuteronomy 14:5, in the list of clean animals as the rendering of the Hebrew, dishon, the name apparently of one species of antelope, though it is by no means easy to identify it. </p> | <p> '''Pygarg.''' Pygarg, occurs, Deuteronomy 14:5, in the list of clean animals as the rendering of the Hebrew, '''dishon''' , the name apparently of ''one species of antelope'' , though it is by no means easy to identify it. </p> | ||
== American Tract Society Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_16988" /> == | == American Tract Society Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_16988" /> == | ||
<p> White-rump. This is properly the name of a species of eagle; but is applied, in Deuteronomy 14:5 , to a quadruped, apparently a species of gazelle or antelope. So the [[Syriac]] version and Targums. Both the Arabic versions refer it to a species of mountain goat. </p> | <p> White-rump. This is properly the name of a species of eagle; but is applied, in Deuteronomy 14:5 , to a quadruped, apparently a species of gazelle or antelope. So the [[Syriac]] version and Targums. Both the Arabic versions refer it to a species of mountain goat. </p> | ||
== People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_70686" /> == | == People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_70686" /> == | ||
<p> Pygarg. Deuteronomy 14:5, A.V. Probably the antelope known as the addax. </p> | <p> '''Pygarg.''' Deuteronomy 14:5, [[A.V.]] Probably the antelope known as the addax. </p> | ||
== Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_43283" /> == | == Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_43283" /> == | ||
Deuteronomy 14:5 | Deuteronomy 14:5 | ||
== Easton's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_33143" /> == | == Easton's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_33143" /> == | ||
Deuteronomy 14:5 | Deuteronomy 14:5 | ||
== Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_163065" /> == | == Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_163065" /> == | ||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_7325" /> == | == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_7325" /> == | ||
<p> ''''' pı̄´garg ''''' ( דּישׁן , <i> ''''' dı̄shōn ''''' </i> ; Septuagint πύγαργος , <i> ''''' púgargos ''''' </i> ; compare proper nouns, "Dishon" and "Dishan" ( [[Genesis]] 36:21-30; 1 Chronicles 1:38-42 ); according to <i> | <p> ''''' pı̄´garg ''''' ( דּישׁן , <i> ''''' dı̄shōn ''''' </i> ; Septuagint πύγαργος , <i> ''''' púgargos ''''' </i> ; compare proper nouns, "Dishon" and "Dishan" ( [[Genesis]] 36:21-30; 1 Chronicles 1:38-42 ); according to <i> [[Bdb]] </i> , Hommel, <i> Saugethiere </i> , derives דישׁן , from דּוּשׁ , <i> '''''dūsh''''' </i> , Arabic <i> '''''dâs''''' </i> , "to tread," and compare [[Assyrian]] <i> '''''dashshu''''' </i> , "mountain-goat"): <i> '''''Dı̄shōn''''' </i> as the name of an animal occurs only in Deuteronomy 14:5 in the list of clean beasts. Both the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) have "pygarg," which is not the recognized name of any animal whatever. The Septuagint <i> '''''pugargos''''' </i> (from πυγή , <i> '''''pugḗ''''' </i> , "rump," and ἀργός , <i> '''''argós''''' </i> , "white") was used by <i> [[Herodotus]] </i> (iv. 192) as the name of an antelope. [[A]] white rump is a very common feature of deer and antelopes, and is commonly explained as enabling the fleeing herd easily to keep in sight of its leaders. It has been used as a specific name of <i> Cervus pygargus </i> , the Tartarian roe, and <i> Bubalis pygargus </i> , a small South African antelope. The Arabic Bible has <i> '''''ri'm''''' </i> , "a white gazelle," a kindred word to <i> '''''re'ēm''''' </i> , the King James Version "unicorn," the Revised Version (British and American) "wild-ox." Tristram, Tristram, <i> Natural History of the Bible </i> , considers <i> '''''dı̄shōn''''' </i> to be the <i> addax </i> , <i> Antilope addax </i> or <i> Addax nasomaculatus </i> . There is excellent reason, however, for believing that the range of this African antelope does not extend into Palestine, [[Sinai]] or Arabia. For a discussion of the animal names in Deuteronomy 14:4 , Deuteronomy 14:5 , see [[Zoology]] . </p> | ||
== Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_57102" /> == | == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_57102" /> == | ||
<p> Bibliography | <p> '''Bibliography Information''' McClintock, John. Strong, James. Entry for 'Pygarg'. Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and [[Ecclesiastical]] Literature. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tce/p/pygarg.html. [[Harper]] & Brothers. New York. 1870. </p> | ||
==References == | ==References == | ||
Revision as of 22:05, 12 October 2021
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible [1]
Pygarg ( dîshôn ). A ‘clean’ animal, Deuteronomy 14:5 only. From its associates in the same verse it may be inferred that it was a deer of some kind. The Lxx [Note: Septuagint.] tr. [Note: translate or translation.] is, on what grounds is not known, pygargos, i.e. ‘white-rumped’ (hence the Eng. ‘pygarg’). This description and a process of exclusion the hart, roebuck, etc., all being otherwise accounted for make it probable that the dîshôn was the addax ( A. nasomaculatus ), an antelope with a white tail and long, backward-curved, twisted horns. It is rare in Palestine to-day, but is known to the Bedouin.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary [2]
dishon . A clean animal ( Deuteronomy 14:5). A generic name for the "white rumped (as pugarg means in Greek) antelope" of northern Africa and Syria. The Septuagint has translated the Hebrew by "pygarg "; living near the habitat of the pygarg they were likely to know. The mohr kind is best known, 2 ft. 8 in. high at the croup. The tail is long, with a long black tuft at the end; the whole part round the base of the tail is white, contrasting with the deep brown red of the flanks. Conder (Palestine Exploration, July, 1876) makes it the "gazelle".
Morrish Bible Dictionary [3]
dishon. This animal is only mentioned as clean for food. Deuteronomy 14:5 . The word pygarg signifies, as some think, 'white on its hind quarters,' which agrees with some of the antelopes; others think it is probably a gazelle, and others the addax, the Antilope addax.
Smith's Bible Dictionary [4]
Pygarg. Pygarg, occurs, Deuteronomy 14:5, in the list of clean animals as the rendering of the Hebrew, dishon , the name apparently of one species of antelope , though it is by no means easy to identify it.
American Tract Society Bible Dictionary [5]
White-rump. This is properly the name of a species of eagle; but is applied, in Deuteronomy 14:5 , to a quadruped, apparently a species of gazelle or antelope. So the Syriac version and Targums. Both the Arabic versions refer it to a species of mountain goat.
People's Dictionary of the Bible [6]
Pygarg. Deuteronomy 14:5, A.V. Probably the antelope known as the addax.
Holman Bible Dictionary [7]
Deuteronomy 14:5
Easton's Bible Dictionary [8]
Deuteronomy 14:5
Webster's Dictionary [9]
Alt. of Pygargus
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [10]
pı̄´garg ( דּישׁן , dı̄shōn ; Septuagint πύγαργος , púgargos ; compare proper nouns, "Dishon" and "Dishan" ( Genesis 36:21-30; 1 Chronicles 1:38-42 ); according to Bdb , Hommel, Saugethiere , derives דישׁן , from דּוּשׁ , dūsh , Arabic dâs , "to tread," and compare Assyrian dashshu , "mountain-goat"): Dı̄shōn as the name of an animal occurs only in Deuteronomy 14:5 in the list of clean beasts. Both the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) have "pygarg," which is not the recognized name of any animal whatever. The Septuagint pugargos (from πυγή , pugḗ , "rump," and ἀργός , argós , "white") was used by Herodotus (iv. 192) as the name of an antelope. A white rump is a very common feature of deer and antelopes, and is commonly explained as enabling the fleeing herd easily to keep in sight of its leaders. It has been used as a specific name of Cervus pygargus , the Tartarian roe, and Bubalis pygargus , a small South African antelope. The Arabic Bible has ri'm , "a white gazelle," a kindred word to re'ēm , the King James Version "unicorn," the Revised Version (British and American) "wild-ox." Tristram, Tristram, Natural History of the Bible , considers dı̄shōn to be the addax , Antilope addax or Addax nasomaculatus . There is excellent reason, however, for believing that the range of this African antelope does not extend into Palestine, Sinai or Arabia. For a discussion of the animal names in Deuteronomy 14:4 , Deuteronomy 14:5 , see Zoology .
Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature [11]
Bibliography Information McClintock, John. Strong, James. Entry for 'Pygarg'. Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tce/p/pygarg.html. Harper & Brothers. New York. 1870.
References
- ↑ Pygarg from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
- ↑ Pygarg from Fausset's Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Pygarg from Morrish Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Pygarg from Smith's Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Pygarg from American Tract Society Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Pygarg from People's Dictionary of the Bible
- ↑ Pygarg from Holman Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Pygarg from Easton's Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Pygarg from Webster's Dictionary
- ↑ Pygarg from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
- ↑ Pygarg from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
