Difference between revisions of "Protevangelium"

<p> <b> PROTEVANGELIUM. </b> —See art. Fall in vol. i. p. 571bf. </p> <p> <b> [[Proverb]] </b> is the rendering of παραβολή in &nbsp;Luke 4:23 (Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885 ‘parable’) and of παροιμία in &nbsp;John 16:25; &nbsp;John 16:29 ((Revised Version margin) ‘parable’). In &nbsp;John 10:6 παροιμία is rendered ‘parable’ ((Revised Version margin) ‘proverb’). Ordinarily παραβολή means ‘parable’ παροιμία ‘proverb’; but the words are sometimes interchanged in [[Hellenistic]] Greek. Both represent the Heb. <i> mâshâl </i> , the primary meaning of which is ‘comparison.’ Such comparison lies at the base of many proverbs as well as parables; in fact many proverbs are only condensed parables; and a proverb usually sets up a single case as the type of a whole class. In the LXX [[Septuagint]] <i> mâshâl </i> is nearly always rendered παραβολή, even when a proverb is clearly meant (&nbsp;1 Samuel 10:12; &nbsp;1 Samuel 24:13 (14), &nbsp;1 Kings 4:32 (28), &nbsp;Ezekiel 12:22-23; &nbsp;Ezekiel 18:2-3; in some of these places Aq. [Note: Aquila.] or Symm. [Note: Symmachus.] substitutes παροιμία). παροιμία is found in the canonical OT only in &nbsp;Proverbs 1:1; &nbsp;Proverbs 25:1 (Aא2 [Note: designates the particular edition of the work referred] ; Bא1 [Note: designates the particular edition of the work referred] have παιδεῖαι); it occurs 5 times in Sirach, παραβολή 10 times; at &nbsp;Sirach 39:3; &nbsp;Sirach 47:17 they stand together. Thus Lk., like the LXX Septuagint, uses παραβολή for ‘proverb’ as well as ‘parable’; while Jn., on the contrary, uses παροιμία in the sense of ‘figurative language, allegory’ (&nbsp;John 10:6), or ‘dark saying’ (&nbsp;John 16:26; &nbsp;John 16:29) rather than ‘proverb’; perhaps, ‘figure’ best represents his use of the word. On our Lord’s use of proverbs see following article. </p> <p> Literature.—Cremer, <i> Lexicon </i> , 8. <i> v </i> . πκραβολή; Trench, <i> [[Parables]] </i> , ch. 1; art. ‘Proverb’ in Hasting's Dictionary of the Bible (by König) and <i> Encyc. Bibl </i> . (by Paterson); Königsmann in Hase and Iken, <i> Thes. Nov. </i> ii. 501; Driver, <i> LOT </i> [Note: OT Introd. to the Literature of the Old Test.] 6 [Note: designates the particular edition of the work referred] ) p. 349. </p> <p> Harold Smith. </p>