Difference between revisions of "Kedesh"

<li> A "fenced city" of Naphtali, one of the cities of refuge (&nbsp;Joshua 19:37; &nbsp;Judges 4:6 ). It was assigned to the Gershonite Levites (&nbsp;Joshua 21:32 ). It was originally a Canaanite royal city (&nbsp;Joshua 12:22 ), and was the residence of Barak (&nbsp;Judges 4:6 ); and here he and Deborah assembled the tribes of Zebulun and Naphtali before the commencement of the conflict with Sisera in the plain of Esdraelon, "for [[Jehovah]] among the mighty" (9,10). In the reign of Pekah it was taken by [[Tiglath-Pileser]] (&nbsp;2 Kings 15:29 ). It was situated near the "plain" (rather "the oak") of Zaanaim, and has been identified with the modern Kedes, on the hills fully four miles north-west of Lake [[El]] Huleh. <p> It has been supposed by some that the Kedesh of the narrative, where Barak assembled his troops, was not the place in Upper Galilee so named, which was 30 miles distant from the plain of Esdraelon, but Kedish, on the shore of the Sea of Galilee, 12 miles from Tabor. </p> <div> <p> '''Copyright Statement''' These dictionary topics are from M.G. Easton M.A., D.D., Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, published by [[Thomas]] Nelson, 1897. Public Domain. </p> <p> '''Bibliography Information''' Easton, Matthew George. Entry for 'Kedesh'. Easton's Bible Dictionary. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/ebd/k/kedesh.html. 1897. </p> </div> </li>

<p> '''Kedesh.''' (''Kç'Desh'' ), ''Sanctuary.'' 1. A town on the southern boundary of Judah, &nbsp;Joshua 15:23; perhaps identical with Kadesh or Kadesh-barnea. 2. A city of Issachar; assigned to the Gershonite Levites. &nbsp;1 Chronicles 6:72. In the parallel list, &nbsp;Joshua 21:28, its name is Kishon. 3. A fortified city belonging to the tribe of Naphtali; allotted to the Gershonite Levites, &nbsp;Joshua 20:7; &nbsp;Joshua 21:32; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 6:76, and made a city of refuge. It was the residence of Barak, &nbsp;Judges 4:6, and here Deborah assembled the tribes of Zebulon and Naphtali. &nbsp;Judges 4:11. It was taken by Tiglath-pileser in the reign of Pekah, &nbsp;2 Kings 15:29, and here the battle took place between [[Jonathan]] Maccabæus and Demetrius. &nbsp;1 [[Maccabees]] 11:63. Now it is a small village, Kades, ten miles north of [[Safed]] and four miles northwest of Merom, beautifully situated on a high ridge jutting out in the depressed basin through which the Jordan flows to the Sea of Merom. It is surrounded with ruins; numerous sarcophagi have been found here. </p>

<p> (Heb. id., קֶדֶשׁ '', Sanctuary;'' Sept. Κέδες, but Κάδες in &nbsp;Joshua 21:32; Κάδης in &nbsp;Judges 4:6, v. r. 9: Κεδεέ v. r. in &nbsp;1 Chronicles 6:72), the name of three towns in Palestine. </p> <p> '''1.''' A city in the extreme southern part of the territory originally assigned to Judah (&nbsp;Joshua 15:23, where it is mentioned between [[Adadah]] and Hazor), and doubtless included in the portion afterwards set off to [[Simeon]] (&nbsp;Joshua 19:1-9). As the associated places seem to indicate a position towards the [[Dead]] Sea, we may conjecture that it was the same as KADESH-BARNEA (the names being the same in Heb.), which lay there, and is not mentioned in either of the foregoing lists, although it certainly was included within the district indicated. </p> <p> '''2.''' A Levitical city of the tribe of Issachar (&nbsp;1 Chronicles 6:72), otherwise called KISION (&nbsp;Joshua 19:20; "Kishon," 21:28). </p> <p> '''3.''' A "fenced city" of Naphtali (&nbsp;Joshua 19:37, where it is mentioned between Hazor and Edrei), hence also called [[Kedesh-Naphtali]] (i.e. Kadesh of Naphtali, &nbsp;Judges 4:6); appointed as one of the cities of refuge (&nbsp;Joshua 19:7, where it is located on Mt. Naphtali), being a Levitical city assigned to the Geshonites (&nbsp;Joshua 21:32; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 6:76). It was one of the original [[Canaanitish]] royal cities, whose chieftains were slain by Joshua (&nbsp;Joshua 12:22). and was reckoned as a Galilsean town (&nbsp;Joshua 19:7; &nbsp;Joshua 21:32; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 6:76). It was the residence of Barak (&nbsp;Judges 4:6), and there he and Deborah assembled the tribes of Zebulon and Naphtali before the conflict (&nbsp;Judges 4:9-10). Near it was the tree of Zaananim, where was pitched the tent of the [[Kenites]] Heber and Jael, in which Sisera met his death (&nbsp;Judges 4:11). It was probably as its name implies, a "holy place" of great antiquity, which would explain its selection as one of the cities of refuge; and its being chosen by the prophetess as the spot at which to meet the warriors of the tribes before the commencement of the struggle " for Jehovah among the mighty." It was one of the places depopulated by Tiglath-pileser (&nbsp;2 Kings 15:29). [[Josephus]] calls it Kedesa (ἡ Κέδεσα '', Ant. 5:'' 1, 18, and 24) or ''Cydisa (Ant.'' 9, 11, 1), and places it under the name of ''Cedasa (Κεδάσα),'' on the border between Galilee and [[Tyre]] ''(Ant. 13:'' 5, 6), to the latter of which it adhered in' the final struggle (''War,'' 3, 18, 1). </p> <p> It was here that Jonathan the [[Maccabee]] gained the victory over the princes of [[Demetrius]] (Κάδης, &nbsp;1 Maccabees 11:63; &nbsp;1 Maccabees 11:73). It is probably the same with the ''Cydis (Κύδις Ἡ Νεφθαλί'' ) mentioned as the birthplace of [[Tobit]] (i, 1). [[Eusebius]] ''(Ononzast.'' s.v. Κεδές ) mentions it by the name ''Of Cydossos (Κυδοσσός,'' [[Jerome]] ''Cidissus),'' as lying in the neighborhood .of Paneas, about 20 Roman miles from Tyre. It is also probably the same with the strongly-fortified place in this district called ''Cydyssi'' by Josephus ''(Κυδυσσοί'' , War, 4:2, 3). Kedesh was situated near the "plain" of Zaanaim, on. the route taken by Barak (who was a native 'of the place) in the pursuit of Sisera, and hence must have been beyond Mt. Tabor, in the direction from the Kishon (&nbsp;Judges 4:6; &nbsp;Judges 4:9-11). The indications correspond very well to the position of the modern village of ''Kedes,'' discovered by Dr. Robinson on the hills west of the lake el-Huleh (Researches, 3:355; Biblibtheca Sacra, 1843, p. 11). and fully described by Rev. E. Smith (Bibl. Sac. 1849, p. 374, 375) as being a small place romantically situated on a hill in a rich and beautiful plain,- abundantly supplied with water, and containing extensive ruins apparently of Roman origin (see also Robinson's Researches, new edit., 3:366-369; [[Van]] de Velde, Narrative, ii, 417). From the 12th century (Benj. of Tudela, in Bohl's Early Travels, p. 89) it has been reputed to possess the graves of Deborah, Barak, Ahinoam, Jael, and Heber (Schwarz, Palest. p. 183; comp. p. 91). Porter, in 1858, saw close by the site the black tents of nomads pitched under the terebinths (Handbook for Palest. p. 443), like those of Heber the Kenite (&nbsp;Judges 4:11.). </p> <p> "In the Greek (Κυδίως '')'' and [[Syriac]] ''(Kedesh De Naphtali)'' texts 'of &nbsp;Tobit 1:2 though not in the Vilgate or A.V. — Kedesh is introduced as the birthplace of Tobias. The text is exceedingly corrupt, but some little support is lent to this reading by the Vulgate, which, although omitting Kedesh, mentions Safed-post ''Viam Quae Ducit [[Ad]] .Occidentem, In Sinistro Habens Civitatem Saphet.'' </p> <p> "The name Kedesh exists much farther north than the possessions of Naphtali would appear to have extended, attached to a lake of considerable size on the Orontes, a few miles south of Hums, the ancient Emessa (Thomson, in Ritter, Damascus, p. 1002 sq.). The lake was well known under that name to the Arabic geographers (see, besides the authorities quoted by Robinson [iii, 594, new ed.], Abulfeda in Schultenis's Index Geogr., 'Fluvius Orontes,' and 'Kudsum'), aid they connect it in part with [[Alexander]] the Great. But this and the origin of the name are alike uncertain. At the lower end of the lake is an island which, as already remarked, is possibly the site of Ketesh, the capture of which by Sethos I is preserved in the records of that [[Egyptian]] king" (Smith). </p>