Difference between revisions of "Jether"

<p> '''Je'ther.''' ''(His Excellence).'' </p> <p> 1. Jethro, the father-in-law of Moses. &nbsp;Exodus 4:18. (B.C. 1530). </p> <p> 2. The first-born of Gideon's seventy sons. &nbsp;Judges 8:20. (B.C. 1256). </p> <p> 3. The father of Amasa, captain-general of Absalom's army. (B.C. 1023). [[Jether]] is another form of [[Ithra]] . &nbsp;2 Samuel 17:25. He is described in &nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:17, as an Ishmaelite, which again is more likely to be correct than the "Israelite," of the [[Hebrew]] in &nbsp;2 Samuel 17:1. </p> <p> 4. The son of Jada, a descendant of Hezron, of the tribe of Judah. &nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:32. </p> <p> 5. The son of Ezra. &nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:32. </p> <p> 6. The chief of a family of warriors, of the line of Asher, and father of Jephunneh. &nbsp;1 Chronicles 7:38. He is probably the same as [[Ithran]] in the preceding verse. </p>

<p> <strong> JETHER. 1. </strong> Father-in-law of Moses (RVm [Note: Revised Version margin.] of &nbsp; Exodus 4:18 E [Note: Elohist.] ), prob. a mistake for <strong> [[Jethro]] </strong> . <strong> 2. </strong> Eldest son of [[Gideon]] (&nbsp; Judges 8:20 ). <strong> 3. </strong> An Ishmaelite, father of [[Amasa]] (&nbsp; 1 Kings 2:5; 1Ki 2:32 , &nbsp; 1 Chronicles 2:17 . See Ithra). <strong> 4. 5. </strong> Two men of Judah (&nbsp; 1 Chronicles 2:32; &nbsp; 1 Chronicles 4:17 ). <strong> 6. </strong> A man of [[Asher]] (&nbsp; 1 Chronicles 7:38 ); called in &nbsp; 1 Chronicles 7:37 <strong> Ithran </strong> , the name of an [[Edomite]] clan (&nbsp; [[Genesis]] 36:26 ). </p>

<p> '''1.''' Gideon's oldest son. [[Afraid]] as a youth to slay [[Zebah]] and [[Zalmunna]] at his father's bidding. [[Slain]] by [[Abimelech]] (&nbsp;Judges 8:20; &nbsp;Judges 9:5). </p> <p> '''2.''' Same as Ithra and Abigail. (See [[Ithra]] ; ABIGAIL.) </p> <p> '''3.''' &nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:32. </p> <p> '''4.''' &nbsp;1 Chronicles 4:17. Quaest. Hebrew in Paralipomena makes Ezra Amram, J. Aaron. </p> <p> '''5.''' Ithran (&nbsp;1 Chronicles 7:38). </p>

&nbsp;Judges 8:20&nbsp;2&nbsp;1 Kings 4:32&nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:17&nbsp;2 Samuel 17:25&nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:32&nbsp;4&nbsp;1 Chronicles 4:17&nbsp;5&nbsp;1 Chronicles 8:38&nbsp;1 Chronicles 7:37Ithran

<li> &nbsp;1 Chronicles 4:17 . <div> <p> '''Copyright Statement''' These dictionary topics are from M.G. Easton M.A., D.D., Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, published by [[Thomas]] Nelson, 1897. Public Domain. </p> <p> '''Bibliography Information''' Easton, Matthew George. Entry for 'Jether'. Easton's Bible Dictionary. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/ebd/j/jether.html. 1897. </p> </div> </li>

<p> (Heb. Ye'ther, יֶתֶר, [[Surplus]] )'','' the name of six men, and perhaps also of a place. </p> <p> '''1.''' (Sept. Ι᾿εθέρ ) A son of [[Jada]] and great-grandson of Jerahmeel, of the family of Judah; he had a brother Jonathan, but no children (&nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:32). B.C. considerably post 1856. </p> <p> '''2.''' (Sept. Ι᾿οθόρ, Vulg. ''Jethro,'' Auth. Vers. "Jethro.") The father-in-law of Moses (&nbsp;Exodus 4:18, first clause), elsewhere (last clause of the same verse) called JETHRO (See Jethro) (q.v.). </p> <p> '''3.''' (Sept. Ι᾿εθέρ ) The first named of the sons of Ezra (? Ezer), of the tribe of Judah (his brothers being [[Mered]] [q.v.], Epher, and Jalon), but whose connections are not otherwise denied (&nbsp;1 Chronicles 4:17). B.C. prob. cir. 1618. In the Sept. the name is repeated: "and Jether begat Miriam," etc. By the author of the Quoest. Hebr. in Par. he is said to have been Aaron, Ezra being another name for [[Amram]] (q.v.). [[Miriam]] (q.v.) in the second part of the verse-explained by the [[Targum]] to be identical with Efrath is taken by many to be a male name. </p> <p> '''4.''' (Sept. Ι᾿εθερ ) The oldest son of Gideon, who, when called upon by his father to execute the captured Midianitc kings, Zebal and Zalmunna, timidly declined on account of his youth (&nbsp;Judges 8:20). B.C. 1362. According to &nbsp;Judges 9:8, he was slain, together with 69 of his brothers — [[Jonathan]] alone escaping — "upon one stone" at Ophrah, by the hands of Abimelech, the son of Gideon's concubine, of Shechem. (See Gideon). </p> <p> '''5.''' (Sept. Ι᾿έθερ, Ι᾿εθέρ ) The father of Amasa, David's general (&nbsp;1 Kings 2:5; &nbsp;1 Kings 2:32; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:17); elsewhere (&nbsp;2 Samuel 17:6) called ITHRA (See Ithra) (q.v.). He is described in &nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:17 as an Ishmaelite, which, again, is more likely to be correct than the "Israelite" of the Hebrew in 2 Samuel 17, or the "Jezreelite" of the Sept. and Vulg. in the same passage. "Ishmaelite" is said by the author of the ''Quoest. Hebr. In'' lib. Reg. to have been the reading of the Hebrew, but there is no trace of it in the MSS. The [[Talmud]] records two divergent opinions on the subject (Jeremiah Jebam. 9, c; comp. Babli, Jeb. 77, a). According to R. Samuel bar-Nachmani, Jether was an [[Ishmaelite]] by birth, but became a proselyte: hence the two appellations. Another opinion is that, a staunch upholder of David's reign, he, when the king's descent through Ruth, a Moabitish woman, was made a pretext by some of his antagonists to deprive him of his crown, "girded his loins like an Israelite," and threatened to uphold by the sword, if need be, the authority of the Halacha, which had decided that "a Moabitish man, but not a Moabitish woman, an Ammonitish man, but not an Ammonitish woman, should be prohibited from entering into the congregation." </p> <p> Similarly we find in the Targ. to &nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:17 (Wilkins's edition — this verse belongs to those wanting in Beck) that the father of Amasa was Jether ''The Israelite,'' but that he was called Jether ''The Ishmaelite'' because he aided David, בערכאה (=בית דין ) before the tribunal [Wilkins, "''Cum Arabibus!'' "]''.'' Later commentators (Rashi, Abrabanel, David Kimchi) assume that he was an [[Israelite]] by birth, but dwelt in the land of Ishmael. and was for this reason also called the Ishmaelite, as [[Obed]] [[Edom]] is also called the [[Gittite]] (2 Samuel 6), or Hiram's father the Zuri or [[Tyrian]] (1 Kings 6). David Kimchi also adduces a suggestion of his father, to the effect. "that in the land of [[Ishmael]] Jether was called the Israelite from his nationality, and in that of [[Israel]] they called him the Ishmaelite on account of his living in the land of Ishmael." [[Josephus]] calls him Ι᾿εθάρσης (''Ant.'' 7:10, 1). He married Abigail, David's sister, probably during the sojourn of the family of [[Jesse]] in the land of Moab, under the protection of its king. (See Amasa). </p> <p> '''6.''' (Sept. Ι᾿εθέρ v.r. Ι᾿εθήρ ) An [[Asherite]] (head of a warrior family numbering 26,000) whose three sons are named in &nbsp;1 Chronicles 7:38; possibly the same with ITHRAN of the preceding verse. </p> <p> '''7.''' Whether the [[Ithrites]] (יתרי, Sept. Ε᾿θιραῖος, Ι᾿εθρί, Ι᾿εθερί, Τεθρίτης,Vulg. ''Jethrites, Jethroeus,'' etc.) [[Ira]] and Gareb, mentioned in &nbsp;2 Samuel 23:38, etc., were natives of an otherwise unknown place called Jether, or of Jathir, יתיר, one of David's places of refuge (&nbsp;1 Samuel 30:27), or descendants of one Jether — the least probable suggestion — cannot now be determined. (See [[Ithrite]]). </p>

<p> ''''' jḗ´thẽr ''''' ( יתר , <i> ''''' yether ''''' </i> , "abundance"): </p> <p> (1) &nbsp;Exodus 4:18 the Revised Version margin, King James Version, margin. See Jethro . </p> <p> (2) Gideon's eldest son (&nbsp;Judges 8:20 ), who was called upon by his father to slay Zebah and Zalmunnah, but "feared, because he was yet a youth." The narrative there (&nbsp;Judges 8:4 ff) should be connected with that of &nbsp; Judges 6:34 , where Gideon is followed by his clan, and not with that of Jdg 7, where he has 300 picked men. The captives would be taken to Orpah, Gideon's home, and slain there. </p> <p> (3) Father of Amasa (&nbsp;1 Kings 2:5 , &nbsp;1 Kings 2:32 ); he was an Ishmaelite according to &nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:17 = "Ithra, the Israelite" of &nbsp; 2 Samuel 17:25 , where "the Ishmaelite" should be read for "the Israelite." </p> <p> (4) A J erahmeelite (&nbsp;1 Chronicles 2:32 twice). </p> <p> (5) A J udahite (&nbsp;1 Chronicles 4:17 ). </p> <p> (6) A man of Asher (&nbsp;1 Chronicles 7:38 ) = "Ithran" of &nbsp;1 Chronicles 7:37 . </p>