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== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_53674" /> == | == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_53674" /> == | ||
<p> <strong> | <p> <strong> [[Razis]] </strong> . The hero of a narrative in 2Ma 14:37 ff. </p> | ||
== Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_57368" /> == | == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_57368" /> == | ||
<p> ( ῾Ραζείς, Vulg. Razias), "one of the elders of Jerusalem," who killed himself under peculiarly terrible circumstances, that he might not fall "into the hands of the wicked" (2 [[Maccabees]] 14:37-46). In dying he is reported to have expressed his faith in a resurrection (2 Maccabees 14:46) — a belief elsewhere characteristic of the Maccabean conflict. This act of suicide, which was wholly alien to the spirit of the [[Jewish]] law and people (John 8:22; comp. EIwald, Alterth. p. 198; Grotius, | <p> ( ῾Ραζείς, Vulg. ''Razias'' )'','' "one of the elders of Jerusalem," who killed himself under peculiarly terrible circumstances, that he might not fall "into the hands of the wicked" ( 2 [[Maccabees]] 14:37-46). In dying he is reported to have expressed his faith in a resurrection ( 2 Maccabees 14:46) — a belief elsewhere characteristic of the Maccabean conflict. This act of suicide, which was wholly alien to the spirit of the [[Jewish]] law and people ( John 8:22; comp. EIwald, ''Alterth.'' p. 198; Grotius, ''De Jure Belli,'' [[Ii,]] 19:5), has been the subject of considerable discussion. It was quoted by the [[Donatists]] as the single fact in [[Scripture]] which supported their fanatical contempt of life (Augustine, ''Ep'' '''.''' 104, 6). [[Augustine]] denies the fitness of the model, and condemns the deed as that of a man "non cligende mortis sapiens, sed ferendae humilitatis impatiens" (Augustine, ''l.c.;'' comp. ''c. Gaud.'' i, 36-39). At a later time the favor with which the writer of 2 Maccabees views the conduct of Razis — a fact which Augustine vainly denies — was urged rightly by [[Protestant]] writers as an argument against the inspiration of the book. Indeed the whole narrative breathes the spirit of pagan heroism, or of the later zealots (comp. Josephus, ''War'' , 3:7; 4:1, 10), and the deaths of [[Samson]] and Saul offer no satisfactory parallel (comp. Grimm, ''ad loc.'' </p> | ||
== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_7512" /> == | == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_7512" /> == | ||
<p> ''''' rā´zis ''''' ( Ῥαζείς , <i> ''''' Rhazeı́s ''''' </i> ): "An elder of Jerusalem," "lover of his countrymen," and for his good will toward them called "father of the Jews," accused before the [[Syrian]] general [[Nicanor]] as an opponent of Hellenism. In order to escape falling into the hands of Nicanor's soldiers he committed suicide with the greatest determination in a rather revolting manner ( 2 | <p> ''''' rā´zis ''''' ( Ῥαζείς , <i> ''''' Rhazeı́s ''''' </i> ): "An elder of Jerusalem," "lover of his countrymen," and for his good will toward them called "father of the Jews," accused before the [[Syrian]] general [[Nicanor]] as an opponent of Hellenism. In order to escape falling into the hands of Nicanor's soldiers he committed suicide with the greatest determination in a rather revolting manner ( 2 Maccabees 14:37 ff), in his death calling upon "the Lord of life" in the hope of a resurrection. His suicide - contrary to Jewish sentiment - was regarded with approbation by the author of 2 Macc (14:42,43). </p> | ||
==References == | ==References == |