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== Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_43339" /> == | |||
<p> Rhetorical study includes the examination of <i> tropes </i> (literary devices to make language more colorful) and consideration of <i> schemes </i> (structural devices which aid memory and persuasion). [[Tropes]] include: metaphor, simile, personification, irony, hyperbole, assonance, and paronomasia. Schemes include: acrostic, antithesis, parallelism, rhetorical question, and syllogism. </p> <p> <i> [[Metaphor]] </i> is a word picture which forces a comparison. Jesus' statement that He is the Good [[Shepherd]] ( John 10:11 ) is a metaphor because believers are not really sheep. <i> [[Simile]] </i> is a word picture using like or as to explain something difficult to understand (“The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed” Matthew 13:31 ). <i> Personification </i> allows inanimate objects to take on human qualities ( Judges 9:7-15 ). <i> [[Irony]] </i> is overturning expectations to underscore a tension which needs to be resolved in action or belief. See Amos 5:22-23 ). <i> [[Metonymy]] </i> is when one word substitutes for another which it represents. When <i> [[Zion]] </i> is used in Psalms to represent the Temple, God's throne, [[Jerusalem]] and/or all of Israel, that is a metonymy. </p> <p> <i> Assonance </i> is the use of sounds to underscore the meaning of a phrase or verse (alliteration is assonance where the initial sounds of words make the emphasis). Such artistry with sound is difficult or impossible to reproduce in translation. [[Reb]] catches part of the word play in Isaiah 7:9 : “Have firm faith or you will fail to stand firm.” [[Repetition]] of sound catches the reader's attention and underlines the focus on faith. <i> [[Paronomasia]] </i> is a more exact assonance, a meaningful pun. In Isaiah 5:7 , God looks for righteousness ( <i> mishpat </i> ) but finds riots ( <i> mishpach </i> ) instead and for legality ( <i> tsedhaqa </i> ) but here is lamentation ( <i> tse' aqa </i> ). These techniques create interest and enhance meaning. </p> <p> Other techniques involve the way sentences, phrases, and/or verses are structured. <i> Acrostics </i> begin each line of a chapter or poem with a consecutive letter of the [[Hebrew]] alphabet ( Psalm 111:1 , Psalm 112:1 , Psalm 119:1 , and others) as both a mnemonic (memory aid) and full expression of one's feeling. <i> Antithesis </i> is the presentation of opposites to express a truth (see Proverbs 14:1 for extensive use of antithesis). </p> <p> <i> [[Parallelism]] </i> is the basic building block of Hebrew poetry. One phrase is balanced by another phrase which says the same thing in slightly different words. See [[Poetry]] . </p> <p> The Bible is full of <i> rhetorical questions </i> , those which do not need to be answered because the hearer/reader already knows the answer. In the Bible, these answers are usually negative. “Who is like unto the Lord our God?” ( Psalm 113:5 ). No one! “Shall we continue in sin that grace may abound?” ( Romans 6:1 ). Not at all! “Hath God cast away his people?” ( Romans 11:1 ). Of course not! </p> <p> <i> [[Syllogism]] </i> is the logical advance from one statement to another until a conclusion is derived from the premise. One of the brilliant syllogisms in the Bible is 1 Corinthians 15:12-28 in which Paul argued that the only logical conclusion to the fact of Christ's resurrection is the resurrection of all the dead. </p> <p> Recognizing these techniques and studying Hebrew poetry will enhance one's ability to study the Bible. </p> <p> Johnny [[L.]] Wilson </p> | |||
== Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_167976" /> == | |||
<p> '''(1):''' ''' (''' n.) The art of composition; especially, elegant composition in prose. </p> <p> '''(2):''' ''' (''' n.) Fig. : The power of persuasion or attraction; that which allures or charms. </p> <p> '''(3):''' ''' (''' n.) Oratory; the art of speaking with propriety, elegance, and force. </p> <p> '''(4):''' ''' (''' n.) Hence, artificial eloquence; fine language or declamation without conviction or earnest feeling. </p> | |||
== The Nuttall Encyclopedia <ref name="term_78939" /> == | |||
<p> The science or art of persuasive or effective speech, written as well as spoken, and that both in theory and practice was cultivated to great perfection among the ancient [[Greeks]] and Romans, and to some extent in the Middle Ages and later, but is much less cultivated either as a science or an art to-day. </p> | <p> The science or art of persuasive or effective speech, written as well as spoken, and that both in theory and practice was cultivated to great perfection among the ancient [[Greeks]] and Romans, and to some extent in the Middle Ages and later, but is much less cultivated either as a science or an art to-day. </p> | ||
==References == | ==References == | ||
<references> | <references> | ||
<ref name="term_43339"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/holman-bible-dictionary/rhetoric Rhetoric from Holman Bible Dictionary]</ref> | |||
<ref name="term_167976"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/webster-s-dictionary/rhetoric Rhetoric from Webster's Dictionary]</ref> | |||
<ref name="term_78939"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/the-nuttall-encyclopedia/rhetoric Rhetoric from The Nuttall Encyclopedia]</ref> | <ref name="term_78939"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/the-nuttall-encyclopedia/rhetoric Rhetoric from The Nuttall Encyclopedia]</ref> | ||
</references> | </references> | ||
