Difference between revisions of "Goliath"

== Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_35537" /> ==

== Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_35537" /> ==

          

          

== Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary <ref name="term_47822" /> ==

== Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary <ref name="term_47822" /> ==

== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_51187" /> ==

== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_51187" /> ==

<p> <strong> GOLIATH </strong> . A giant, said to have been a descendant of the early race of Anakim. He was slain, in single combat, by [[David]] (or, according to another tradition, by Elhanan) at Ephes-dammim, before an impending battle between the [[Philistines]] and the Israelites. That this ‘duel’ was of a religious character comes out clearly in 1 Samuel 17:43; 1 Samuel 17:45 , where we are told that <em> the [[Philistine]] cursed David by his gods </em> , while David replies: ‘ <em> And I come to thee in the name of the Lord of hosts </em> .’ The fact that David brings the giant’s sword as an offering into the sanctuary at [[Nob]] points in the same direction. [[Goliath]] is described as being ‘six cubits and a span’ in height, <em> i.e. </em> over nine feet, at the likeliest reckoning; his armour and weapons were proportionate to his great height. Human skeletons have been found of equal height, so that there is nothing improbable in the Biblical account of his stature. The flight of the Philistines on the death of their champion could be accounted for by their belief that the [[Israelite]] [[God]] had shown Himself superior to their god (but see 2Sa 23:9-12 , 1 Chronicles 11:12 ff.); see, further, David, Elhanan. </p> <p> W. O. E. Oesterley. </p>

<p> <strong> GOLIATH </strong> . A giant, said to have been a descendant of the early race of Anakim. He was slain, in single combat, by [[David]] (or, according to another tradition, by Elhanan) at Ephes-dammim, before an impending battle between the [[Philistines]] and the Israelites. That this ‘duel’ was of a religious character comes out clearly in 1 Samuel 17:43; 1 Samuel 17:45 , where we are told that <em> the [[Philistine]] cursed David by his gods </em> , while David replies: ‘ <em> And I come to thee in the name of the Lord of hosts </em> .’ The fact that David brings the giant’s sword as an offering into the sanctuary at [[Nob]] points in the same direction. [[Goliath]] is described as being ‘six cubits and a span’ in height, <em> i.e. </em> over nine feet, at the likeliest reckoning; his armour and weapons were proportionate to his great height. Human skeletons have been found of equal height, so that there is nothing improbable in the Biblical account of his stature. The flight of the Philistines on the death of their champion could be accounted for by their belief that the [[Israelite]] [[God]] had shown Himself superior to their god (but see 2Sa 23:9-12 , 1 Chronicles 11:12 ff.); see, further, David, Elhanan. </p> <p> W. O. E. Oesterley. </p>

          

          

== Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_66239" /> ==

== Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_66239" /> ==

== People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_70153" /> ==

== People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_70153" /> ==

<p> [[Goliath]] (go-lî'ath), splendor. A giant of Gath, who for forty days defied the armies of Israel. 1 Samuel 17:1-58. His height was "six cubits and a span," which, taking- the cubit at 18 inches, would make him 9½ feet high. In 2 Samuel 21:19 we find that another Goliath of [[Gath]] was slain by Elhanan, also a Bethlehemite. </p>

<p> [[Goliath]] (go-lî'ath), splendor. A giant of Gath, who for forty days defied the armies of Israel. 1 Samuel 17:1-58. His height was "six cubits and a span," which, taking- the cubit at 18 inches, would make him 9½ feet high. In 2 Samuel 21:19 we find that another Goliath of [[Gath]] was slain by Elhanan, also a Bethlehemite. </p>

          

          

== Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_80782" /> ==

== Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_80782" /> ==

<p> a famous giant of the city of Gath, who was slain by David, 1 Samuel 17:4-5 , &c. See GIANTS . </p>

<p> a famous giant of the city of Gath, who was slain by David, 1 Samuel 17:4-5 , &c. See GIANTS . </p>

          

          

          

          

== Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_41881" /> ==

== Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_41881" /> ==

<p> (Heb. Golyath', גָּלְיִת; Sept. Γολιάθ, [[Josephus]] Γολίαθος ), a famous giant of Gath, who "morning and evening for forty days" defied the armies of Israel; but was eventually slain by David, in the remarkable encounter, with a sling (1 Samuel 17). B.C. 1063. Although repeatedly called a Philistine, he was possibly descended from the old Rephaim, of whom a scattered remnant took refuge with the [[Philistines]] after their dispersion by the [[Ammonites]] (Deuteronomy 2:20-21; 2 Samuel 21:22). Some trace of this condition may be preserved in the giant's name, if it be connected with גּוֹלֶה, an exile, as thought by [[Gesenius]] (Thes. Heb. page 285). Simonis, however, derives it from an Arabic word meaning stout (Onom. s.v.); while Fü rst merely indicates it as of Philistian etymology (Heb, Lex. s.v.). Hitzig (Gesch. u. Mythol. der Philist. page 76) regards it as merely= Γαυλεύτης, i.e., sorcerer. His height was "six cubits and a span," which, taking the cubit at 21 inches, would make him 10 1/2 feet high. But the Sept. (at 1 Samuel 17:4) and Josephus (Ant. 6:9,1) read "four cubits and a span." 'This will make him about the same- size as the royal champion slain by Anetimenidas, brother of Alceus (ἀπολείποντα μίαν μόνον παχέων ἀπὸ πἐμπων ap. Strabo, 13, page 617, with Mü ller's emendation). Even on this computation [[Goliath]] would be, as Josephus calls him, ἀνὴρ παμμεγεθἐστατος — a truly enormous man. (See Wichmannshausen, [[De]] armatura Gol. Viteb. 1711.) After the victory [[David]] cut off Goliath's head (1 Samuel 17:51; compare Herod. 4:6; Xenoph. Anab. 5:4, 17; Niebuhr mentions a similar custom among the Arabs, Beschr. page 304), which he brought (1 Samel 17:54) to [[Jerusalem]] (probably after his accession to the throne, Ewald, Gesch. 3:94), while he hung the armor in his tent. (See [[Fight]]). His sword was afterwards received by David in a great emergency from the hands of [[Ahimelech]] at Nob, where it had been preserved as a religious trophy. (1 Samuel 21:9). (See [[Giant]]). The scene of this famous combat (see Trendelenburg, De pugna Dav. cum. Goliatho, Gedan. 1792) was the [[Valley]] of the Terebinth, between [[Shochoh]] and Azekah, probably among the western passes of Benjamin, although a confused modern tradition has given, the name of Ain-Jahlad (spring of Goliath)to the spring of Harod, or "trembling" (Stanley, Palest. page 342; see Judges 7:1). (See [[Valley Of Elah]]). </p> <p> This modern name, however, may rather be (=the spring of Gilead) a reminiscence of Gideon's exploit (Judges 7:3). (See [[Gilead]]). The circumstances of the combat (q.v.) are in all respects. Homeric, free from any of the puerile legends which Oriental imagination subseqtuently introduced into it; as, for instance, that the stones used by David called out to him from the brook, "By our means you shall slay the giant," etc. (Hottinger, Hist. Orient. 1:3, page 111 sq.). The fancies of the Rabbis are yet more extraordinary. By the Mohammedans [[Saul]] and Goliath are called Taluth and Kaluth (Jalut in Koran, 2:131 sq.), perhaps for the sake of the homoioteleuton, of which they are so fond (Hottinger, Hist. Orient. 1:3, page 28). Abulfeda mentions a [[Canaanite]] king of the name Jalut (Hist. Anteislam, page 176); and, according to [[Ahmed]] al-Fassi, Gialout was a dynastic name of the old giant- chiefs of the Philistines (D'Herbelot, Bibl. Or. s.v. Gialout). In the title of the psalm added to the psalter in the Sept. we find τῷ Δαυϊ v δ πρὸς τὸν Γολιάδ; and although the allusions are vagne, it is thought by some that this psalm may have been written after the victory. This psalm is given at length under DAVID, page 687 (see Hilscher, Psa. centes. quinquages. prim. illustr., acced. vita Goliathi, Bautzen, 1716). It is strange that we find no more definite. allusions to this combat in [[Hebrew]] poetry; but it is the opinion of some that the song now attributed to [[Hannah]] (1 Samuel 2:1-10) was originally written really in commemoration of David's triumph on this occasion (Thenius, [[Die]] Bü cher Sam, page 8; comp. Bertholdt, Einl, 3:915; Ewald, Poet. Bü cher des A.B. 1:111). (See [[Psalms]]). </p> <p> In 2 Samuel 21:19, we find that another Goliath of Gath, of whom it is also said that "the staff of his spear was like a weaver's beam," was slain by Elhanan, also a Bethlehemite. St. [[Jerome]] (Quaest. Heb ad loc.) makes the unlikely conjecture that [[Elhanan]] was another name of David. The A.V. here interpolates the words "the brother of," from 1 Chronicles 20:5, where this giant is called "Lahmi." See Stiebritz, Die Davidische Erlegung des Goliath's (Halle, 1742). (See [[Elhanan]]). </p>

<p> (Heb. Golyath', גָּלְיִת; Sept. Γολιάθ, [[Josephus]] Γολίαθος ), a famous giant of Gath, who "morning and evening for forty days" defied the armies of Israel; but was eventually slain by David, in the remarkable encounter, with a sling (1 Samuel 17). B.C. 1063. Although repeatedly called a Philistine, he was possibly descended from the old Rephaim, of whom a scattered remnant took refuge with the [[Philistines]] after their dispersion by the [[Ammonites]] (Deuteronomy 2:20-21; 2 Samuel 21:22). Some trace of this condition may be preserved in the giant's name, if it be connected with גּוֹלֶה, an exile, as thought by [[Gesenius]] (Thes. Heb. page 285). Simonis, however, derives it from an Arabic word meaning stout (Onom. s.v.); while Fü rst merely indicates it as of Philistian etymology (Heb, Lex. s.v.). Hitzig (Gesch. u. Mythol. der Philist. page 76) regards it as merely= Γαυλεύτης, i.e., sorcerer. His height was "six cubits and a span," which, taking the cubit at 21 inches, would make him 10 1/2 feet high. But the Sept. (at 1 Samuel 17:4) and Josephus (Ant. 6:9,1) read "four cubits and a span." 'This will make him about the same- size as the royal champion slain by Anetimenidas, brother of Alceus (ἀπολείποντα μίαν μόνον παχέων ἀπὸ πἐμπων ap. Strabo, 13, page 617, with Mü ller's emendation). Even on this computation [[Goliath]] would be, as Josephus calls him, ἀνὴρ παμμεγεθἐστατος — a truly enormous man. (See Wichmannshausen, [[De]] armatura Gol. Viteb. 1711.) After the victory [[David]] cut off Goliath's head (1 Samuel 17:51; compare Herod. 4:6; Xenoph. Anab. 5:4, 17; Niebuhr mentions a similar custom among the Arabs, Beschr. page 304), which he brought (1 Samel 17:54) to [[Jerusalem]] (probably after his accession to the throne, Ewald, Gesch. 3:94), while he hung the armor in his tent. (See [[Fight]]). His sword was afterwards received by David in a great emergency from the hands of [[Ahimelech]] at Nob, where it had been preserved as a religious trophy. (1 Samuel 21:9). (See [[Giant]]). The scene of this famous combat (see Trendelenburg, De pugna Dav. cum. Goliatho, Gedan. 1792) was the [[Valley]] of the Terebinth, between [[Shochoh]] and Azekah, probably among the western passes of Benjamin, although a confused modern tradition has given, the name of Ain-Jahlad (spring of Goliath)to the spring of Harod, or "trembling" (Stanley, Palest. page 342; see Judges 7:1). (See [[Valley Of Elah]]). </p> <p> This modern name, however, may rather be (=the spring of Gilead) a reminiscence of Gideon's exploit (Judges 7:3). (See [[Gilead]]). The circumstances of the combat (q.v.) are in all respects. Homeric, free from any of the puerile legends which Oriental imagination subseqtuently introduced into it; as, for instance, that the stones used by David called out to him from the brook, "By our means you shall slay the giant," etc. (Hottinger, Hist. Orient. 1:3, page 111 sq.). The fancies of the Rabbis are yet more extraordinary. By the Mohammedans [[Saul]] and Goliath are called Taluth and Kaluth (Jalut in Koran, 2:131 sq.), perhaps for the sake of the homoioteleuton, of which they are so fond (Hottinger, Hist. Orient. 1:3, page 28). Abulfeda mentions a [[Canaanite]] king of the name Jalut (Hist. Anteislam, page 176); and, according to [[Ahmed]] al-Fassi, Gialout was a dynastic name of the old giant- chiefs of the Philistines (D'Herbelot, Bibl. Or. s.v. Gialout). In the title of the psalm added to the psalter in the Sept. we find τῷ Δαυϊ v δ πρὸς τὸν Γολιάδ; and although the allusions are vagne, it is thought by some that this psalm may have been written after the victory. This psalm is given at length under DAVID, page 687 (see Hilscher, Psa. centes. quinquages. prim. illustr., acced. vita Goliathi, Bautzen, 1716). It is strange that we find no more definite. allusions to this combat in [[Hebrew]] poetry; but it is the opinion of some that the song now attributed to [[Hannah]] (1 Samuel 2:1-10) was originally written really in commemoration of David's triumph on this occasion (Thenius, [[Die]] Bü cher Sam, page 8; comp. Bertholdt, Einl, 3:915; Ewald, Poet. Bü cher des A.B. 1:111). (See [[Psalms]]). </p> <p> In 2 Samuel 21:19, we find that another Goliath of Gath, of whom it is also said that "the staff of his spear was like a weaver's beam," was slain by Elhanan, also a Bethlehemite. St. [[Jerome]] (Quaest. Heb ad loc.) makes the unlikely conjecture that [[Elhanan]] was another name of David. The A.V. here interpolates the words "the brother of," from 1 Chronicles 20:5, where this giant is called "Lahmi." See Stiebritz, Die Davidische Erlegung des Goliath's (Halle, 1742). (See [[Elhanan]]). </p>

          

          

== The Nuttall Encyclopedia <ref name="term_73695" /> ==

== The Nuttall Encyclopedia <ref name="term_73695" /> ==

<references>

<references>

<ref name="term_35537"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/fausset-s-bible-dictionary/goliath Goliath from Fausset's Bible Dictionary]</ref>

<ref name="term_35537"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/fausset-s-bible-dictionary/goliath Goliath from Fausset's Bible Dictionary]</ref>

          

          

<ref name="term_47822"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hawker-s-poor-man-s-concordance-and-dictionary/goliath Goliath from Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary]</ref>

<ref name="term_47822"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hawker-s-poor-man-s-concordance-and-dictionary/goliath Goliath from Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary]</ref>

          

          

<ref name="term_51187"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/goliath Goliath from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>

<ref name="term_51187"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/goliath Goliath from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>

          

          

<ref name="term_66239"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/goliath Goliath from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>

<ref name="term_66239"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/goliath Goliath from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>

          

          

<ref name="term_70153"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/people-s-dictionary-of-the-bible/goliath Goliath from People's Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>

<ref name="term_70153"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/people-s-dictionary-of-the-bible/goliath Goliath from People's Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>

          

          

<ref name="term_80782"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/watson-s-biblical-theological-dictionary/goliath Goliath from Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary]</ref>

<ref name="term_80782"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/watson-s-biblical-theological-dictionary/goliath Goliath from Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary]</ref>

          

          

          

          

<ref name="term_41881"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/goliath Goliath from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>

<ref name="term_41881"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/goliath Goliath from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>

          

          

<ref name="term_73695"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/the-nuttall-encyclopedia/goliath Goliath from The Nuttall Encyclopedia]</ref>

<ref name="term_73695"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/the-nuttall-encyclopedia/goliath Goliath from The Nuttall Encyclopedia]</ref>

          

          

</references>

</references>