Decision
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible [1]
Decision . Duly constituted and recognized authorities have the power of decision granted to them in all questions of right in the Bible. Moses ( Exodus 18:13 ), the judges ( 1 Samuel 7:16 ), and the kings ( 1 Kings 3:16 ff.) exercise this power upon occasion. Questions of right between Christian brethren are to be decided by Church courts and not by civil authorities ( Matthew 18:17 , 1 Corinthians 6:1-8 ). The only method of decision sanctioned in the NT is the exercise of godly judgment on the part of the individual to whom authority has been granted. The casting of lots by heathen soldiers ( Mark 15:24 ) and the sortilege of Acts 1:21-26 cannot be cited as examples for the Christian Church. No instance of the casting of lots can be found after Pentecost. The Spirit of a sound mind now decides what is right and what is true.
D. A. Hayes.
Webster's Dictionary [2]
(1): ( n.) The act of deciding; act of settling or terminating, as a controversy, by giving judgment on the matter at issue; determination, as of a question or doubt; settlement; conclusion.
(2): ( n.) Cutting off; division; detachment of a part.
(3): ( n.) An account or report of a conclusion, especially of a legal adjudication or judicial determination of a question or cause; as, a decision of arbitrators; a decision of the Supreme Court.
(4): ( n.) The quality of being decided; prompt and fixed determination; unwavering firmness; as, to manifest great decision.
King James Dictionary [3]
DECIS'ION, n.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [4]
dē̇ - sizh´un : Has several different shades of meaning. It expresses the formation of a judgment on a matter under consideration. It expresses the quality of being firm or positive in one's actions. It expresses the termination of a contest or question in favor of one side or the other, as the decision of the battle, or the decision of the judge.
1. National Decisions
Until recent times the decision of disputed points between nations was determined by force of arms. Thus the questions of dispute were decided between Israel and the surrounding tribes, between Israel and Assyria, between Israel and Egypt, and later between Judea and Rome.
2. Judicial Decisions
In the earliest times the questions of dispute between individuals were decided by the patriarch who was the head of the family. When Israel became a nation men were appointed to decide the difficulties between the people. At first this was one of the most important duties of Moses, but when the task became too great he appointed judges to assist him (see Exodus 18:13-26 ). One important function of those who are called judges was to decide the difficulties between the people (see Judges 4:4 , Judges 4:5 ). The kings also decided questions of dispute between individuals (see 2 Samuel 15:1-6; 1 Kings 3:16-28 ). As the people developed in their national ideals the decisions in judicial matters were rendered by councils appointed for that purpose.
3. Methods of Forming Decisions
Perplexing questions were many times decided by the casting of lots. The people believed that God would in this way direct them to the right decision ( Proverbs 16:33; Joshua 7:10-21; Joshua 14:2; 1 Samuel 10:20 f). Casting lots must have been a common method of deciding perplexing questions (see 1 Samuel 14:41 , 1 Samuel 14:42; Jonah 1:7 ). It was resorted to by the apostles to decide which of the two men they had selected should take the place of Judas ( Acts 1:21-26 ). The custom gradually lost in favor, and decisions, even of perplexing questions, were formed by considering all the facts. See Augury Iv , 3; Lots .
