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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_54470" /> ==
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| <p> <strong> [[Title]] </strong> ( John 19:19-20 ). The ordinary term for the ‘ <strong> superscription </strong> , consisting usually of the name of the criminal and the crime with which he was charged ( Mark 15:26 ), written on a board, which, according to Roman practice, was carried in front, or hung from the neck of a prisoner as he was led through the streets of the city to execution, or exposed for punishment. In cases of crucifixion the inscription was often fastened above the head of the criminal ( Matthew 27:37 ). This public announcement was intended to serve as a warning to evil-doers. </p> <p> The four inscriptions on the cross of Jesus mentioned in the [[Gospels]] are different, though the words ‘the King of the Jews’ ( Mark 15:26 ) are common to all, and truly set forth the charge on which Jesus was formally condemned. Mt. ( Matthew 27:37 ) adds, ‘this is Jesus’; Lk. ( Luke 23:38 ), ‘this (is)’; and Jn. ( John 19:19 ) ‘Jesus of Nazareth.’ The variations may be partly explained by the statement of Jn. that the inscription (like Roman edicts which also were often published in both Latin and Greek) was written in Hebrew, <em> i.e. </em> [[Aramaic]] (which was spoken ordinarily by the people of [[Jerusalem]] and the pilgrims from Palestine), Latin (the official language), and Greek (the <em> lingua franca </em> of the world). The [[Evangelist]] sees, in this announcement in the three languages of the Roman Empire, a symbol of the proclamation to the world of the Messiahship of Jesus, notwithstanding the efforts of the [[Jews]] to cover Him with ignominy. Jn. alone implies that [[Pilate]] took revenge on the Jews in preparing the inscription; Mt. and Mk. seem to suggest that the soldiers themselves placed the inscription on the cross, and crucified Jesus between two robbers in order to heighten the insult. </p> <p> R. A. Falconer. </p> | | Title <ref name="term_63646" /> |
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| | <p> to orders in Episcopal churches. This is best explained by quoting the 33rd canon of the [[ Established]] Church of England: "It has been long since provided by many decrees of the ancient fathers that none should be admitted, either deacon or priest, who had not first some certain place where he might use his function; according to which examples we do ordain that henceforth no person shall be admitted into sacred orders except ( 1) he shall at that time exhibit to the bishop of whom he desireth imposition of hands a presentation of himself to some ecclesiastical preferment then void in the diocese; or (2) shall bring to the said bishop a true and undoubted certificate that either he is provided of some church within the said diocese, where he may attend the cure of souls, or ( 3) of some ministers place vacant, either in the cathedral church of that diocese, or in. some other collegiate church therein: also situate, where he may execute his ministry; or ( 4) that he is a fellow, or in right as a fellow or ( 5) a conduct or chaplain in some college in [[ Cambridge]] or Oxford; or ( 6) except he be a master of arts of five years standing that liveth of his own charge in either of the universities; or ( 7) except by the bishop himself that doth ordain him minister he be shortly after to be admitted either to some benefice or curateship then void. And if any bishop shall admit any person into the ministry that hath none of these titles as is aforesaid, then he shall keep and maintain him, with all things necessary till he do prefer him to some ecclesiastical living; and if the said bishop refuse so to do, he shall be suspended by the archbishop, being assisted with another bishop, from giving orders by the space of a year." </p> <p> In the [[ Protestant]] Episcopal Church of the United States, canon 19 of 1832, "of the titles of those who are to be ordained priests," declares ''''' —''''' </ p> < p> " No person shall be ordained priest unless he shall produce to the bishop a satisfactory certificate from some church, parish, or congregation that he is engaged with them, and that they will receive him as their minister; or unless he be a missionary under the ecclesiastical authority of the diocese to which he belongs, or in the employment of some missionary society recognized by the General Convention; or unless he be engaged as a professor, tutor, or instructor of youth in some college, academy, or other seminary of learning duly incorporated" (Digest of the Canons, p. 20) . . See Eden, Theol. Dict. s.v. ; Hook, Church Dict. s.v. </p> |
| == Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_79633" /> ==
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| <div> '''1: '''''Τίτλος''''' ''' (Strong'S #5102 — Noun Masculine — titlos — tit'-los ) </div> <p> from Latin titulus, is used of the inscription above the Cross of Christ, John 19:19,20 . See Superscription. </p> <div> '''2: '''''Κεραία''''' ''' (Strong'S #2762 — Noun [[Feminine]] — keraia | kerea — ker-ah'-yah ) </div> <p> "a little horn" (keras, "a horn"), was used to denote the small stroke distinguishing one [[Hebrew]] letter from another. The rabbis attached great importance to these; hence the significance of the Lord's statements in Matthew 5:18; Luke 16:17 , charging the [[Pharisees]] with hypocrisy, because, while professing the most scrupulous reverence to the Law, they violated its spirit. Grammarians used the word to denote the accents in Greek words. </p>
| | == References == |
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| == Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_185831" /> ==
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| <p> '''(1):''' ''' (''' n.) The instrument which is evidence of a right. </p> <p> '''(2):''' ''' (''' n.) That by which a beneficiary holds a benefice. </p> <p> '''(3):''' ''' (''' n.) The panel for the name, between the bands of the back of a book. </p> <p> '''(4):''' ''' (''' n.) A church to which a priest was ordained, and where he was to reside. </p> <p> '''(5):''' ''' (''' n.) That which constitutes a just cause of exclusive possession; that which is the foundation of ownership of property, real or personal; a right; as, a good title to an estate, or an imperfect title. </p> <p> '''(6):''' ''' (''' n.) An appellation of dignity, distinction, or preeminence (hereditary or acquired), given to persons, as duke marquis, honorable, esquire, etc. </p> <p> '''(7):''' ''' (''' n.) A name; an appellation; a designation. </p> <p> '''(8):''' ''' (''' n.) A section or division of a subject, as of a law, a book, specif. (Roman & [[Canon]] Laws), a chapter or division of a law book. </p> <p> '''(9):''' ''' (''' n.) To call by a title; to name; to entitle. </p> <p> '''(10):''' ''' (''' n.) The inscription in the beginning of a book, usually containing the subject of the work, the author's and publisher's names, the date, etc. </p> <p> '''(11):''' ''' (''' n.) An inscription put over or upon anything as a name by which it is known. </p>
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| == King James Dictionary <ref name="term_63830" /> ==
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| <p> TI'TLE, n. L. titulus. This may belong to the family of Gr. to set or put. </p> 1. An inscription put over any thing as a name by which it is known. 2. The inscription in the beginning of a book, containing the subject of the work, and sometimes the author's name. 3. In the and canon laws, a chapter or division of a book. 4. An appellation of dignity, distinction or pre-eminence given to persons as duke, marquis and the like. 5. A name an appellation. <p> [[Ill]] worthy I such title should belong </p> <p> To me transgressor. </p> 6. Right or that which constitutes a just cause of exclusive possession that which is the foundation of ownership as a good title to an estate or an imperfect title. The lowest degree of title is naked possession, and lastly the right of property, all which united complete the title. <p> But possession is not essential to a complete title. A title to personal property may be acquired by occupancy. A claim is not a title. </p> 7. The instrument which is evidence of a right. 8. In the canon law, that by which a beneficiary holds a benefice. This is true and valid, or colorable. A valid title gives a right to the benefice. A colorable title appears to be valid, but is not. 9. In ancient church records, a church to which a priest was ordained, and where he was to reside. <p> TI'TLE, To name to call to entitle. </p>
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| == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_8975" /> ==
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| <p> ''''' tı̄´t ''''' ' ''''' 50 ''''' : John 19:19 , John 19:20 for τίτλος , <i> ''''' tı́tlos ''''' </i> . </p> <p> The following arrangement of the title on the cross has been suggested: </p> <table> [[ Border]] > <tr> <td> ע נ </td> </tr> <tr> <td> ρ Ο2 ΟΨΤΟΞπ ρ Ο2 ΕΞΤΙΝπ ρ Ο2 ΙΗΞΟΨΞπ ρ Ο2 Οπ ρ Ο2 ΒΑΞΙΛΕΨΞπ </td> </tr> <tr> <td> ρ Ο2 ΤΩΝπ ΙΟΨΛΑΙΩΝ </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Rex Judaeorum </td> </tr> </table> <p> See Geikie, <i> Life and Words of Christ </i> , chapter lxiii, note e; Seymour, <i> The Cross in Tradition, History and Art </i> (New York, 1898), pp. 115,116, 136,138. </p> <p> In 2 Kings 23:17 , the King James Version has "title" for ציּוּן , <i> ''''' ciyyūn ''''' </ i> . The word is connected with < i> ''''' cāwāh ''''' </i> , "to command, " and King James Version seems to have understood <i> ''''' ciyyūn ''''' </i> as "that giving directions," "sign-posts" (compare Ezekiel 39:15 ). The word, however, means "grave-stone," "monument." See [[Superscription]] . </p> | |
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| == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_63649" /> ==
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| <p> is the rendering in the A.V. of '''''ציּוּן''''' ''Tsiyun, A Pillar'' or cippus set up as a sepulchral sign, 2 Kings 23:17 '','' or as a "waymark," Jeremiah 31:21; "sign," Ezekiel 39:15; and of '''''Τίτλος''''' , Lat. ''Titulus,'' a tablet with a [[Superscription]] ( John 19:19-20), set up by Pilate over Christ's cross (q.v.). </p>
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| ==References == | |
| <references> | | <references> |
| | | <ref name="term_63646"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/title+(3) Title from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref> |
| <ref name="term_54470"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/title Title from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref> | |
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| <ref name="term_79633"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/vine-s-expository-dictionary-of-nt-words/title Title from Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_185831"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/webster-s-dictionary/title Title from Webster's Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_63830"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/king-james-dictionary/title Title from King James Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_8975"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/title Title from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_63649"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/title Title from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
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| </references> | | </references> |
Title [1]
to orders in Episcopal churches. This is best explained by quoting the 33rd canon of the Established Church of England: "It has been long since provided by many decrees of the ancient fathers that none should be admitted, either deacon or priest, who had not first some certain place where he might use his function; according to which examples we do ordain that henceforth no person shall be admitted into sacred orders except (1) he shall at that time exhibit to the bishop of whom he desireth imposition of hands a presentation of himself to some ecclesiastical preferment then void in the diocese; or (2) shall bring to the said bishop a true and undoubted certificate that either he is provided of some church within the said diocese, where he may attend the cure of souls, or (3) of some ministers place vacant, either in the cathedral church of that diocese, or in. some other collegiate church therein: also situate, where he may execute his ministry; or (4) that he is a fellow, or in right as a fellow or (5) a conduct or chaplain in some college in Cambridge or Oxford; or (6) except he be a master of arts of five years standing that liveth of his own charge in either of the universities; or (7) except by the bishop himself that doth ordain him minister he be shortly after to be admitted either to some benefice or curateship then void. And if any bishop shall admit any person into the ministry that hath none of these titles as is aforesaid, then he shall keep and maintain him, with all things necessary till he do prefer him to some ecclesiastical living; and if the said bishop refuse so to do, he shall be suspended by the archbishop, being assisted with another bishop, from giving orders by the space of a year."
In the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States, canon 19 of 1832, "of the titles of those who are to be ordained priests," declares —
"No person shall be ordained priest unless he shall produce to the bishop a satisfactory certificate from some church, parish, or congregation that he is engaged with them, and that they will receive him as their minister; or unless he be a missionary under the ecclesiastical authority of the diocese to which he belongs, or in the employment of some missionary society recognized by the General Convention; or unless he be engaged as a professor, tutor, or instructor of youth in some college, academy, or other seminary of learning duly incorporated" (Digest of the Canons, p. 20). . See Eden, Theol. Dict. s.v.; Hook, Church Dict. s.v.
References
