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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_53916" /> ==
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| <p> <strong> [[Salem]] </strong> ( 1E Esther 8:1 ) = <strong> [[Shallum]] </strong> , Ezra 7:2; called also <strong> [[Salemas]] </strong> (?), Esther 1:1 Esther 1:1 . </p>
| | Salem <ref name="term_8043" /> |
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| | <p> ( Σάλημος , <i> ''''' Sálēmos ''''' </i> ; the King James Version [[Salum]] ): An ancestor of Ezra (1 [[Esdras]] 8:1) = "Shallum" in Ezra 7:2 = "Salemas" in 2 Esdras 1:1. </p> |
| == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_8042" /> ==
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| <p> ''''' sā´lem ''''' ( שׁלם , <i> ''''' shālēm ''''' </i> ; Σαλήμ , <i> ''''' Salḗm ''''' </i> ): The name of the city of which [[Melchizedek]] was king ( [[Genesis]] 14:18; Hebrews 7:1 , Hebrews 7:2; compare Psalm 76:2 ). </p> 1. Identification and Meaning: <p> To all appearance it lay near "the [[Vale]] of Shaveh," described as "the King's Vale." The general opinion among the [[Jews]] was that Salem was the same as Jerusalem, as stated by [[Josephus]] ( <i> Ant. </i> , I, x, 2), who adds (VII, iii, 2) that it was known as Solyma ( Σόλυμα , <i> ''''' Sóluma ''''' </i> , variants, according to Whiston, <i> ''''' Salem ''''' </i> and <i> ''''' Hierosolyma ''''' </i> ) in the time of Abraham. It was also reported that the city and its temple were called Solyma by Homer, and he adds that the name in [[Hebrew]] means "security." This identification with Jerusalem was accepted by Onkelos and all the Targums, as well as by the early Christians. The [[Samaritans]] have always identified <i> ''''' Salem ''''' </i> with <i> ''''' [[Salim]] ''''' </i> , East of <i> ''''' Nablūs ''''' </i> , but [[Jewish]] and [[Christian]] tradition is more likely to be correct, supported, as it is, by Psalm 76:2 . </p> 2. [[Testimony]] of Tell El-Amarna Tablets: <p> The testimony of the <i> Tell el-Amarna [[Letters]] </i> is apparently negative. Knudtzon's number 287 mentions "the land" and "the lands of Urusalim," twice with the prefix for "city"; number 289 likewise has this prefix twice; and number 290 refers to "the city" or "a city of the land Urusalim called <i> ''''' Bı̂t ''''' </i> - <i> ''''' Ninip ''''' </i> " [[Tablets]] ( <i> ''''' [[Beth]] ''''' </i> - <i> ''''' Anušat ''''' </i> (?)). As there is no prefix of any kind before the element <i> ''''' salim ''''' </i> , it is not probable that this is the name of either a man (the city's founder) or a god (like the [[Assyrian]] <i> ''''' Šulmanu ''''' </i> ). The form in Sennacherib's inscriptions (compare Taylor Cylinder, III, 50), <i> ''''' Ursalimmu ''''' </i> , gives the whole as a single word in the nominative, the double <i> ''''' m ''''' </i> implying that the <i> ''''' i ''''' </i> was long. As the [[Assyrians]] pronounced <i> ''''' s ''''' </i> as <i> ''''' sh ''''' </i> , it is likely that the Urusalimites did the same, hence, the Hebrew <i> ''''' yerûshālaim ''''' </i> , with <i> ''''' sh ''''' </i> . See [[Jerusalem]] . </p> | | == References == |
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| ==References == | |
| <references> | | <references> |
| | | <ref name="term_8043"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/salem+(2) Salem from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref> |
| <ref name="term_53916"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/salem+(1) Salem from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref> | |
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| <ref name="term_8042"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/salem+(1) Salem from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
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| </references> | | </references> |
