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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament <ref name="term_56558" /> ==
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| <p> (Μυσία) </p> <p> [[Mysia]] was an ill-defined country in the N. W. of [[Asia]] Minor, having the aegean, the Hellespont, and the Propontis on the W. and N., [[Bithynia]] on the N. E., and the equally ill-defined regions of [[Phrygia]] and Mysia on the S. E. and S. The absence of landmarks between the land of the Mysians and that of the [[Phrygians]] gave rise to the saying, χωρὶς τὰ Μυσῶν καὶ Φρυγῶν ὁρίσματα. ‘The reason is this: strangers who came into the country were soldiers and barbarians; they had no fixed settlement in the country of which they obtained possession, but were, for the most part, wanderers, expelling others from their territory and being expelled themselves’ (Strabo, XII. iv. 4). For the most part a mountainous country, Mysia was not so productive as [[Lydia]] and Caria. It was sometimes regarded as including the Troad in the W., sometimes as separated therefrom by the river aesepus. The river Caicus and Mount Temnos were usually taken as the southern limits, and the district of Phrygia Epictetus, which extends a considerable distance eastward-as far as Dorylaeum and Nakoleia-was at one time in the hands of the Mysians. The Romans, who showed little regard for ethnical distinctions, absorbed Mysia in the great province of Asia. </p> <p> Mysia is referred to in an important but difficult passage of Acts (Acts 16:7-8). St. [[Paul]] and Silas, having in the second missionary tour ‘come over against Mysia’ (ἐλθόντες κατὰ τὴν Μυσίαν), were restrained by the [[Spirit]] of [[Jesus]] from going into Bithynia; whereupon they turned westward, and ‘passing by Mysia (παρελθόντες τὴν Μυσίαν) they came down to Troas’ (Acts 16:7-8). For a discussion of the vexed question as to the apostles’ movements before they came to the borders of Bithynia and over against Mysia see Phrygia and Galatia. Assuming that St. Paul and [[Silas]] were travelling from Pisidian [[Antioch]] northward through Phrygian Asia, Ramsay observes that they would be ‘over against Mysia’ when they reached such a point that a line drawn across the country at right angles to the general line of their route would touch Mysia ( <i> The [[Church]] in the [[Roman]] [[Empire]] </i> , 1893, p. 75 n.[Note: . note.]). This point would be the city of Dorylaeum. From there they turned due westward, and, ‘passing by,’ or neglecting, Mysia-this does not mean passing along its borders, but going straight through it without pausing to do any evangelistic work in it-they came down to the aegean. The other reading, διελθόντες, preferred by Blass despite its weak authority (D and Vulgate), seems in Acts and the [[Pauline]] [[Epistles]] invariably to designate a missionary tour, which is in this case out of the question, as the apostles have just been forbidden to preach in Asia (Acts 16:6). The distance from Dorylaeum to [[Troas]] is about 240 miles. The route would lead through the valley of the Rhyndacus and the town of Apameia, where there is a local tradition of a Pauline visit ( <i> Expository Times </i> x. [1898-99] 495). </p> <p> James Strahan. </p> | | Mysia <ref name="term_52153" /> |
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| | <p> a surname of the ancient [[Grecian]] goddess Demeter, or Ceres, under which she was worshipped near Sparta. The term [[Mysia]] is also applied to a festival celebrated by the inhabitants of Pellene in honor of Demeter. This feast lasted for seven days. During the first two days the solemnities were observed by both men and women; on the third day the women alone performed certain mysterious rites throughout the night; and on the last two days the men returned to the festival, and the remainder of the time was passed in raillery and merriment. </p> |
| == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_52907" /> ==
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| <p> <strong> MYSIA </strong> was a district in the N.W. of [[Asia]] Minor, S. of the Propontis and Hellespont. It derived its name from the Mysi, a Thracian tribe who probably entered Asia with the Phrygians. At no period were its boundaries strictly denned. It formed part of the dominions of the [[Persians]] and of Alexander. From b.c. 280 it was part of the kingdom of Pergamus, and therefore fell to the Romans in b.c. 133, becoming part of the province of Asia. The only mention of it in the [[Bible]] is Acts 16:7; Acts 16:3 , where St. [[Paul]] passed through it on his second missionary journey. A tradition assigned the evangelization of part of [[Mysia]] to a certain Onesiphorus, who was martyred at Parium when [[Adrian]] was proconsul of Asia, a.d. 109 114. See Assos, Troas, Adramyttium, all of which places were reckoned to Mysia. </p> <p> A. E. Hillard. </p>
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| == Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_81106" /> ==
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| <p> a country of [[Asia]] Minor, having the Propontis on the north, [[Bithynia]] on the north-east and east, [[Phrygia]] on the south-east, [[Lydia]] (from which it was separated by the river Hermus) on the south, the AEgean [[Sea]] on the west, and the narrow strait, called the Hellespont, on the north- west. [[Mysia]] was visited by St. [[Paul]] in his circuit through Asia Minor; but he was not suffered by the [[Spirit]] to remain there, being directed to pass over into Macedonia, Acts 16:7-10 . In this country stood the ancient city of Troy; as also that of Pergamus, one of the seven churches of Asia. Under the Romans it was made a province of the empire, and called Hellespontus; and its inhabitants are represented by Cicero as base and contemptible to a proverb. </p>
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| == Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_42551" /> ==
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| Acts 16:7Acts 27:2Acts 20:13-14Revelation 1:11Revelation 2:12Acts 16:816:11Acts 20:5-62 Corinthians 2:122 Timothy 4:13Acts 16:6-11Acts 20:1 2 Corinthians 2:12
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| == Bridgeway Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_18878" /> ==
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| <p> The region known as [[Mysia]] was originally occupied by one of the independent states of [[Asia]] Minor. It was taken over by the [[Greeks]] and later by the Romans, and incorporated into the [[Roman]] province of Asia. Politically Mysia no longer existed in New [[Testament]] times, but people still used the old name to refer to the north-west region of Asia Minor. [[Towns]] of this region that are mentioned in the New Testament are Troas, [[Assos]] and [[Adramyttium]] (Acts 16:6-11; Acts 20:6; Acts 20:13-14; Acts 27:2; for map see ASIA). </p>
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| == Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_36739" /> ==
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| <p> On the frontier of the provinces [[Asia]] and Bithynia. W. of Bithynia, E. of the Aegean, S. of the sea Propontis or Marmora, N. of Lydia. The site of [[Troy]] was in it originally, but not in Paul's time for he had to pass by [[Mysia]] to reach the Troad (Acts 16:7-8). On his second missionary journey he was not suffered by the [[Spirit]] to preach in Asia or Bithynia. He passed through Mysia, without staying, on to Macedonia. [[Assos]] and [[Adramyttium]] were in Mysia. The island [[Lesbos]] was opposite. </p>
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| == People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_70488" /> ==
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| <p> [[Mysia]] (mĭsh'i-ah), or mĭzh-ĭ-ah, beech region? A province in the northwestern angle of [[Asia]] Minor, celebrated for its fertility. Acts 16:7-8; Acts 20:5. </p>
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| == Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_73942" /> ==
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| <p> Mys'ia. (land of beech trees). Acts 16:7-8. [[Mysia]] was the region about the frontier of the provinces of [[Asia]] and Bithynia. The term is evidently used in an ethnological, not a political, sense. </p>
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| == American Tract Society Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_16712" /> ==
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| <p> A province in the northwest corner of [[Asia]] Minor bounded north by the Propontis, west by the Aegean Sea, south by Lydia, and east by Bithynia. [[Paul]] preached in this country on his first journey to Europe, Acts 16:7-8 . </p>
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| == Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary <ref name="term_48169" /> ==
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| <p> A province of [[Asia]] Minor. Here [[Paul]] preached. (Acts 16:7-8.) </p>
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| == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_67661" /> ==
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| <p> [[District]] in the N.W. of [[Asia]] Minor. [[Paul]] visited it, but 'passed by' and went to Troas. Acts 16:7,8 . </p>
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| == Easton's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_32776" /> ==
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| Acts 16:7,8
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| == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_52149" /> ==
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| <p> (Μυσία , according to some, from the abundance of the beech-tree, μυσίς, in the neighborhood: according to others, from the Celtic moese, a marsh, showing a connection with the Danubian marshy district of Moesia; comp. Eustath. [[Ad]] Dion. Per. 809; Schol Ad Apoleon. Rhod. 1:145) a province occupying the north-west angle of [[Asia]] Minor, and separated from [[Europe]] only by the Propontis and Hellespont; on the south it joined Eolis, and was separated on the east from [[Bithynia]] by the river in Esopus. Latterly AEolis was included in Mysia, which was then separated from [[Lydia]] and [[Ionia]] by the river Hermus, now Sarabad or Jedis (Strabo, 12:562; 13:628; Pliny, Iist. Nat. 6:32; Ptol. Geog. 5:2). It was usually divided into five parts: [[Mysia]] Minor, Mysia Major, Troas, Eolis, and Tenthrania. The greater part of Mysia was unprodutctive, being covered with mountains and marshes; but it was celebrated for the fine wheat of Assus, for quarries of the lapis Assius (which had the power of decomposing dead bodies), and for its oyster beds. It was inhabited by various tribes, mostly barbarous, until, as a part of the kingdom of Pergamus, it was ceded to the Romans, by whom it was eventually formed into a province. [[Paul]] passed through this province, and embarked at its chief port, Troas, on his first voyage to Europe (Acts 16:7-8). "They had then come κατὰ τὴν Μυσίαν, and they were directed to Troas, παρελθόντες τὴν Μυσίαν ; which means either that they skirted its border, or that they passed through the district without staying there. In fact, the best description that can be given of Mysia at this time is that it was the region about the frontier of the provinces of Asia and Bithynia. The, term is evidently used in an ethnological, not a political sense." See generally Rosenmuller, Bibl. Geog. 3:32; Smith's Dict. of Class. Geogr. s.v.; Mannert, Geogr. 6:3, 403; Forbiger, Handb. 2:110; Richter, Wallfahrten, page 460; Cramer, Asia Minor, 1:30. (See [[Asia Minor]]). </p>
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| == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_6498" /> ==
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| <p> ''''' mish´i ''''' - ''''' a ''''' ( Μυσία , <i> ''''' Musı̄a ''''' </i> ): A country in the northwestern part of [[Asia]] Minor, which formed an important part of the [[Roman]] province of Asia. [[Though]] its boundaries were always vague, it may be said to have extended on the North to the [[Sea]] of Marmora on the East to [[Bithynia]] and Phrygia, on the South to Lydia, and on the West to Hellespont. According to some authors it included the Troad. Its history is chiefly that of important cities, of which Assos, Troas, and [[Adramyttium]] on the border of Lydia, are mentioned in the New Testament. When [[Mysia]] became a part of the Roman province of Asia in 190 BC, its old name fell into disuse, and it was then generally known as the Hellespontus. According to Acts 16:7-8 , [[Paul]] passed through the country, but without stopping to preach, until he reached [[Troas]] on the coast, yet tradition says that he founded churches at Poketos and Cyzicus. Onesiphorus, who was martyred some time between 109 and 114 AD, during the proconsulate of Adrian, is supposed to have evangelized this part of Asia. See <i> The Expository Times </i> , IX, 495 f. </p>
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| == Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_16244" /> ==
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| <p> Mys´ia, a province occupying the north-west angle of [[Asia]] Minor, and separated from [[Europe]] only by the Propontis and Hellespont: on the south it joined Æolis, and was separated on the east from [[Bithynia]] by the river Æsopus. Latterly Æolis was included in Mysia, which was then separated from [[Lydia]] and [[Ionia]] by the river Hermus, now Sarabad or Djedis. In ancient times the province of [[Mysia]] was celebrated for its fertility in corn and wine, and although now but poorly tilled, it is still one of the finest tracts in Asia Minor. [[Paul]] passed through this province and embarked at its chief port, Troas, on his first voyage to Europe . </p>
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| ==References == | |
| <references> | | <references> |
| | | <ref name="term_52153"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/mysia+(2) Mysia from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref> |
| <ref name="term_56558"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-new-testament/mysia Mysia from Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament]</ref> | |
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| <ref name="term_52907"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/mysia Mysia from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_81106"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/watson-s-biblical-theological-dictionary/mysia Mysia from Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_42551"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/holman-bible-dictionary/mysia Mysia from Holman Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_18878"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/bridgeway-bible-dictionary/mysia Mysia from Bridgeway Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_36739"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/fausset-s-bible-dictionary/mysia Mysia from Fausset's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_70488"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/people-s-dictionary-of-the-bible/mysia Mysia from People's Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_73942"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/smith-s-bible-dictionary/mysia Mysia from Smith's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_16712"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/american-tract-society-bible-dictionary/mysia Mysia from American Tract Society Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_48169"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hawker-s-poor-man-s-concordance-and-dictionary/mysia Mysia from Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_67661"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/mysia Mysia from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_32776"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/easton-s-bible-dictionary/mysia Mysia from Easton's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_52149"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/mysia Mysia from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_6498"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/mysia Mysia from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_16244"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/kitto-s-popular-cyclopedia-of-biblial-literature/mysia Mysia from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature]</ref>
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| </references> | | </references> |
