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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_50816" /> == | | == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_3438" /> == |
| <p> <strong> EDER </strong> . <strong> 1. [[Genesis]] 35:21 </strong> ‘And [[Israel]] journeyed, and spread his tent beyond the tower of Eder.’ <em> ’Eder </em> means ‘a flock’; and the phrase <strong> Midgal-eder </strong> (‘flock-tower,’ cf. Micah 4:8 ) would have been the appellation given to a tower occupied by shepherds for the protection of their flocks against robbers (cf. 2 Kings 18:8 , 2 Chronicles 26:10 ). The tower here mentioned lay between [[Bethlehem]] and [[Hebron]] (cf. vv. 19, 27). [[Jerome]] mentions a [[Jewish]] tradition that this [[Eder]] was the site of the Temple, but himself prefers to think that it was the spot on which the shepherds received the angels’ message. <strong> 2. Joshua 15:21 </strong> . The name of one of the towns of Judah ‘in the south,’ close to the [[Edomite]] frontier; perhaps <em> Kh. el-‘Adâr </em> , 5 miles S. of Gaza. <strong> 3. </strong> 1Ch 23:23; 1 Chronicles 24:30 . The name of a [[Merarite]] [[Levite]] in the days of David. <strong> 4. </strong> A [[Benjamite]] ( 1 Chronicles 8:15 ). </p> | | <p> ''''' ē´dẽr ''''' ( עדר , <i> ''''' ‛ēdher ''''' </i> , "flock"): </p> <p> (1) One of the "uttermost cities" of Judah in the [[Negeb]] ("South") near the border of [[Edom]] ( Joshua 15:21 ), possibly <i> ''''' Kḣ el ‛Adar ''''' </i> , 5 miles South of Gaza, but probably this is too far west. (2) [[Eder]] (the King James Version [[Edar]] ) or better Migdal Eder, מגדּל־עדר , <i> ''''' mighdal ‛ēdher ''''' </i> , "the tower of the flock"; Γάδερ , <i> ''''' Gáder ''''' </i> ̌ . After Rachel died and was buried "in the way to [[Ephrath]] (the same is Bethlehem) ... [[Israel]] journeyed, and spread his tent beyond the tower of Eder" ( Genesis 35:19 , Genesis 35:21 ). In Genesis 35:27 he is described as proceeding to Hebron. This "tower of the flock," which may have been only a tower and no town, must therefore be looked for between [[Bethlehem]] and Hebron. [[Jerome]] says that it was one Roman mile from Bethlehem. In the Septuagint, however, [[Genesis]] 35:16 and Genesis 35:21 are transposed, which suggests that there may have been a tradition that Migdal Eder was between [[Bethel]] and Bethlehem. There must have been many such towers for guarding flocks against robbers. Compare "tower of the watchman" ( 2 Kings 18:8 , etc.). The phrase "Migdal Eder" occurs in Micah 4:8 where [[Jerusalem]] is compared to such a tower. </p> |
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| == Easton's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_31342" /> ==
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| <li> The second of the three sons of Mushi, of the family of Merari, appointed to the [[Levitical]] office ( 1 Chronicles 23:23; 24:30 ). <div> <p> '''Copyright Statement''' These dictionary topics are from M.G. Easton [[M.A., DD]] Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, published by [[Thomas]] Nelson, 1897. Public Domain. </p> <p> '''Bibliography Information''' Easton, Matthew George. Entry for 'Eder'. Easton's Bible Dictionary. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/ebd/e/eder.html. 1897. </p> </div> </li>
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| == Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_39980" /> ==
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| Genesis 35:21 Genesis 35:19 Micah 4:8 2 Joshua 15:21 1 Chronicles 23:23 1 Chronicles 24:30 4 1 Chronicles 8:15
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| == Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_72439" /> ==
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| <p> '''E'der.''' ''(A Flock).'' </p> <p> 1. One of the towns of Judah, in the extreme south, and on the borders of Edom. Joshua 15:21. No trace of it has been discovered in modern times. </p> <p> 2. A Levite, of the family of Merari, in the time of David. 1 Chronicles 23:23; 1 Chronicles 24:30. </p>
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| == Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_35237" /> ==
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| <p> ("flock".) </p> <p> '''1.''' A town in S. of Judah, on Edom's border ( Joshua 15:21). </p> <p> '''2.''' A Levite of Merari's family in the time of David ( 1 Chronicles 23:23). </p>
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| == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_65932" /> ==
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| <p> 1. Town in the south of Judah. Joshua 15:21 . </p> <p> 2. Son of [[Mushi]] and grandson of Merari. 1 Chronicles 23:23; 1 Chronicles 24:30 . </p>
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| == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_38477" /> ==
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| <p> (Hebrews id. '''''עֵדֶר''''' '', A Flock,'' as often), the name of a place and also of a man. (See [[Edar]]); (See [[Ader]]). </p> <p> '''1.''' (Sept. '''''Ε᾿Δραίν''''' '',Vat.'' MS. omits; Vulg. ''Eder.) A'' city in the extreme south of Judah, on the [[Idumaean]] border, mentioned between [[Kabzeel]] and [[Jagur]] ( Joshua 15:21); therefore, doubtless, one of those afterwards assigned to [[Simeon.]] Schwa z suggests ''(Palest.'' page 99) that it may be the same with ARAD (See [[Arad]]) (q.v.), by a transposition of letters; but this is doubtful. Possibly it was situated on the eminence north of the fountain marked as "water" on [[Van]] de Velde's ''Map,'' in wady el-Ernez, S.W. of the [[Dead]] Sea. </p> <p> '''2.''' (Sept. '''''Ε᾿Δέρ''''' Vulg. ''Eder.)'' The second named of the three "sons" (i.e. descendants) of Mushi appointed to the Levitical offices in the time of David ( 1 Chronicles 23:23; 1 Chronicles 24:30). B.C. 1013. </p>
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| ==References == | | ==References == |
| <references> | | <references> |
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| <ref name="term_50816"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/eder Eder from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref> | | <ref name="term_3438"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/eder+(1) Eder from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref> |
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| <ref name="term_31342"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/easton-s-bible-dictionary/eder Eder from Easton's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_39980"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/holman-bible-dictionary/eder Eder from Holman Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_72439"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/smith-s-bible-dictionary/eder Eder from Smith's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_35237"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/fausset-s-bible-dictionary/eder Eder from Fausset's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_65932"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/eder Eder from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_38477"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/eder Eder from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
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| </references> | | </references> |
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [1]
ē´dẽr ( עדר , ‛ēdher , "flock"):
(1) One of the "uttermost cities" of Judah in the Negeb ("South") near the border of Edom ( Joshua 15:21 ), possibly Kḣ el ‛Adar , 5 miles South of Gaza, but probably this is too far west. (2) Eder (the King James Version Edar ) or better Migdal Eder, מגדּל־עדר , mighdal ‛ēdher , "the tower of the flock"; Γάδερ , Gáder ̌ . After Rachel died and was buried "in the way to Ephrath (the same is Bethlehem) ... Israel journeyed, and spread his tent beyond the tower of Eder" ( Genesis 35:19 , Genesis 35:21 ). In Genesis 35:27 he is described as proceeding to Hebron. This "tower of the flock," which may have been only a tower and no town, must therefore be looked for between Bethlehem and Hebron. Jerome says that it was one Roman mile from Bethlehem. In the Septuagint, however, Genesis 35:16 and Genesis 35:21 are transposed, which suggests that there may have been a tradition that Migdal Eder was between Bethel and Bethlehem. There must have been many such towers for guarding flocks against robbers. Compare "tower of the watchman" ( 2 Kings 18:8 , etc.). The phrase "Migdal Eder" occurs in Micah 4:8 where Jerusalem is compared to such a tower.
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