Difference between revisions of "Calvary"

<p> Or John 19:20 , but outside of its walls, Matthew 27:37 Mark 15:22 John 19:17 Hebrews 13:12 . In the same place was a private garden, and a tomb in which the body of Christ lay until the resurrection, John 19:41,42 . The expression, "Mount Calvary," has no evidence to support it beyond what is implied in the name [[Golgotha]] which might well be given to a slight elevation shaped like the top of a skull, and the probability that such a place would be chosen for the crucifixion. It is very doubtful whether the true localities of Calvary and the tomb are those covered by the present "Church of the Holy Sepulchre," a vast structure north of mount [[Zion]] and within the modern city, built on the site which was fixed under the empress Helena, A. D. 335, by tradition and a pretended miracle. Some biblical geographers adhere to this location; but Robinson and many others strongly oppose it, on the ground of the weakness of the tradition, and the difficulty of supposing that this place lay outside of the ancient walls. See [[Jerusalem]] . Dr. Fisk, while visiting the spot under the natural desire to identify the scene of the crucifixion; that the rock shown column he saw, half concealed by iron-work, might have been that to which our Lord was bound when scourged; that the small fragment of rude stone seen by the light of a small taper, through a kind of iron filigree, might have been the place of our Lord's burial and resurrection: but when he saw the neat juxtaposition of all these things, and knew that in order to provide for the structure of the church the site had to be cut down and leveled; when he reflected that on the very spot a heathen temple had stood, till removed by the empress Helena, to make room for this church; and, moreover, when he considered the superstitious purpose all these things were to serve, and the spirit of that church which thus paraded these objects of curiosity, he could not bring himself to feel they were what they professed to be. </p> <p> Let us be thankful that though the exact scene of Christ's death is now unknown, there can be no doubt as to the fact. "He died, and was buried, and the third day rose again, according to the Scriptures." Then the old ritual passed away, [[Satan]] was despoiled, man was redeemed, God reconciled, and heaven opened to all believers. </p>

<i> calvaria </i> <i> kranion </i> <i> golg </i> <i> otha </i> Judges 9:532 Kings 9:35 <p> “Calvary” appears in the New Testament, only in the story of the crucifixion (Matthew 27:33; Mark 15:22; John 19:17 ). The gospel writers name it as the place where Christ was led to be executed. </p> <p> Exactly why the place was called this is not known. The logical explanation would be because the skull symbolized death. A place of execution would see its share of skulls. </p> <p> Archeologists are uncertain where Calvary was located. John 19:20 and Hebrews 13:12 say that Jesus was taken <i> outside </i> the city to be crucified. Mark 15:29 suggests that a road may have been nearby. </p> <p> Two sites are held today as Calvary. The older, more traditional Church of the Holy [[Sepulchre]] is a complex of religious shrines venerated as the place of Christ's cross and tomb. </p> <p> In the 4th century A.D., [[Queen]] Helena, mother of Constantine, had the site revealed to her in a vision. A pagan temple on the site was razed and a shrine built in its place. Several destructions and rebuildings have taken place over the centuries. </p> <p> Since 1842, a rocky hill outside the [[Damascus]] Gate has vied for veneration as Calvary. [[Discovered]] by [[Otto]] Thenius, the site gained fame when [[Charles]] Gordon wrote in 1885 that this was indeed Calvary. A garden tomb nearby, discovered in 1849, had drawn little attention until Gordon made his assertion. </p> <p> Executions during the first century <i> were </i> conducted outside the city walls. This might tend to make Gordon's Calvary the logical site. However, at the time of Jesus' crucifixion the outer wall of [[Jerusalem]] was much closer to the center of the city. This would make the traditional site more plausible. </p> <p> Perhaps the most telling fact between these places is the <i> type </i> of tombs they represent. [[Jewish]] tombs appear to have had small niches carved out of the walls in which bodies were placed. Later Byzantine tombs used trough-like slabs. This places the weight of authenticity with the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. </p> <p> Mike Mitchell </p>

<p> The Greek is κρανίον, 'a skull.' The word 'Calvary' is from the Latin <i> Calvaria, </i> having a like signification; agreeing also with the [[Hebrew]] GOLGOTHA, which has the same meaning. Matthew 27:33; Luke 23:33 . The place where the Lord was crucified, and near to which the tomb was situated in which He was buried. The traditional site of the Holy Sepulchre is now well <i> within </i> the city of Jerusalem, and great efforts have been made to prove that this spot was at that time <i> outside </i> the city, but this is not at all credible. A much more probable place is that pointed out by the Jews on the north of the city, near the Grotto of Jeremiah. Visitors have declared that this site has, at a distance, the natural contour of a human skull. It would have been near the city yet outside it, and near also to where there could have been a garden, in which a tomb could have been cut. It is also a spot from whence the crucifixion could have been seen by the passers-by (on the road from the Damascus gate). This site has therefore several points in its favour. </p> <p> The actual place is however unknown; and doubtless God has so ordered it that it should not be made an object of idolatry, or turned into a holy shrine, over which there would have been great contention, as there has been, with bloodshed too, over the so-called Holy Sepulchre. </p> <p> Calvary is not called a 'hill' or 'mount' in scripture, though often so designated in poetry, and as it was called by an early traveller known as the [[Bordeaux]] Pilgrim, in A.D. 333. </p>

<div> 1: Κρανίον (Strong'S #2898 — Noun Neuter — kranion — kran-ee'-on ) </div> <p> kara, "a head" (Eng., "cranium"), a diminutive of kranon, denotes "a skull" (Latin calvaria), Matthew 27:33; Mark 15:22; Luke 23:33; John 19:17 . The corresponding [[Aramaic]] word is Golgotha (Heb. gulgoleth; see Judges 9:53; 2 Kings 9:35 ). </p>

<p> Calvary. This word occurs but once in the New Testament, Luke 23:33, A. V., to indicate the place of our Lord's execution. It is the adoption into English of the Latin word for "skull," answering to the Greek kranion, which is itself the translation of the Hebrew Golgotha. The R. V. reads, "the place which is called the skull." Some suppose it to be so named from the fact that, executions being performed there, skulls were found there. It is more probable that it was a bare round spot, in shape something like a skull; hence, perhaps, the notion that it was a hill. There is no topographical question more keenly disputed than whether the spot now venerated as the site of the holy sepulchre is really the ancient Golgotha or Calvary: the latest explorations do not support the tradition, but point to a site outside the walls of Jerusalem, near the so-called Grotto of Jeremiah. </p>

<p> (Luke 23:33). The Latin translation of the Hebrew GΟLGΟΤΗΑ , "the place of a skull," a place of executions. A fit place; in death's stronghold the Lord of life gave death his deathblow through death (Hebrews 2:14). There is no "mount," such as popular phraseology associates with Calvary. It was simply "a low, rounded bore hill" outside the N. gate of Jerusalem (Ewald, Gesch. Chronicles, 434, quoted in Ellicott's Life of our Lord.) </p>

<p> (1): (n.) A cross, set upon three steps; - more properly called cross calvary. </p> <p> (2): (n.) A representation of the crucifixion, consisting of three crosses with the figures of Christ and the thieves, often as large as life, and sometimes surrounded by figures of other personages who were present at the crucifixion. </p> <p> (3): (n.) The place where Christ was crucified, on a small hill outside of Jerusalem. </p>

Luke 23:33 <i> Kranion </i> <i> Gulgoleth </i> Hebrews 13:11-13[[Golgotha]]

<p> Cal'vary. See Golgatha. </p>

<p> <strong> CALVARY </strong> ( Luke 23:33 ). See Golgotha. </p>

<p> See GOLGOTHA. </p>

<p> Bibliography InformationMcClintock, John. Strong, James. Entry for 'Calvary'. Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and [[Ecclesiastical]] Literature. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tce/c/calvary.html. [[Harper]] & Brothers. New York. 1870. </p>