Difference between revisions of "Lord Of Hosts"

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== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_52466" /> ==
== Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_66467" /> ==
<p> <strong> [[Lord]] [[Of]] [[Hosts]] </strong> ( <em> [[Jahweh]] lsbĕâ’ôth </em> ) appears in the [[Ot]] as a title of God 282 times, of which all but 36 are found in the Prophetical writings. There is considerable uncertainty as to what the term ‘hosts’ signifies, and it seems best to suppose that its meaning underwent modifications in the course of time. We can, perhaps, distinguish three stages. </p> <p> <strong> 1 </strong> . It is possible that at one time the title suggested the idea of Jahweh as <em> the leader of the [[Israelite]] forces </em> . In favour of this view is the fact that the word <em> tsÄ›b </em> <em> â’ôth </em> outside this phrase always refers to bodies of men, and usually to Israelite forces. There is no doubt that in the early stages of the history of the nation the popular view of the functions of Jahweh was concentrated to a large extent on this point that He was the guider and commander of the armies in warfare; and the same idea lingered late, and lies at the bottom of the objection to the institution of the monarchy which is put in Samuel’s mouth (cf. &nbsp; 1 Samuel 8:20 with &nbsp; 1 Samuel 12:12 ). In the same way, David, as he taunts Goliath, says to him, [[‘I]] come in the name of the Lord of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel’ (&nbsp; 1 Samuel 17:45 ). And once more there is evidently a special connexion between the title ‘Lord of hosts’ and the [[Ark]] which is regarded as the habitation of Jahweh in His capacity as War-God (cf. 1Sa 4:3; &nbsp; 1 Samuel 4:6-8; &nbsp; 1 Samuel 4:5-6 ). But this explanation of the origin of the title, as Delitzsch pointed out, is greatly invalidated by the fact that we do not find it in the period in which we should expect it to be most common, that is, in the wars of the [[Wandering]] in the Wilderness. </p> <p> <strong> 2 </strong> . So we are brought to another view, which may merely mark a later stage: the ‘hosts’ are <em> the spiritual forces which stand at God’s disposal </em> . So in &nbsp; Joshua 5:13-14 , when Joshua asks the unknown warrior whether he is on their side or on that of their enemies, the implied answer of the [[Divine]] stranger is that he belongs to neither side, but is come as captain of the Lord’s host to succour His people. For the idea of the angelic host engaged in the service of God, cf. &nbsp; 2 Samuel 24:16 , &nbsp; 1 Kings 22:19 , &nbsp; 2 Kings 6:17; and in the [[Nt]] &nbsp; Matthew 26:52 , &nbsp; Luke 2:13 , &nbsp; Hebrews 1:14 . </p> <p> <strong> 3 </strong> . The third stage is reached in the prophets, esp. Isaiah, Jeremiah, Zechariah, and Malachi, where the title assumes a far wider meaning and embraces <em> all the forces of the universe </em> . The term ‘ <strong> host of heaven </strong> ’ is commonly used of the heavenly bodies to which the later kings paid idolatrous worship (cf. also &nbsp; [[Genesis]] 2:1 , &nbsp; Psalms 33:6 ). As the Idea of the omnipotence of God grew loftier and wider, the elemental forces of nature were regarded as performing service to their Creator. So the sun is God’s minister (&nbsp; Psalms 19:4-5 ), and even so early as the Song of [[Deborah]] the stars are represented as joining by God’s behest in the battle against the invader (&nbsp; Judges 5:20 ). Hence the term ‘Lord of hosts’ becomes with the prophets the highest and most transcendental title of God, and is even rendered by the [[Lxx]] [Note: Septuagint.] in a certain number of passages ‘Lord of the forces (of nature).’ It serves as a constant reminder of the illimitable width of God’s sway, and as such it acquires a close connexion with the other great attribute of God, His holiness. Hence we get the summit of the [[Ot]] creed in the angelic song of praise, &nbsp; Isaiah 6:3 , ‘Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts: the fulness of the whole earth is his glory.’ </p> <p> In the [[Nt,]] with the exception of a quotation from &nbsp;Isaiah 1:9 in &nbsp; Romans 9:29 , the term occurs only in &nbsp; James 5:4 (in both passages [[Ev]] [Note: English Version.] has the form ‘ <strong> Lord of [[Sabaoth]] </strong> ’), where it is singularly appropriate in the passionate denunciation of the oppression practised by the unscrupulous landowners, recalling as it does the spirit of the [[Hebrew]] prophets. </p> <p> [[H.]] [[C.]] [[O.]] Lanchester. </p>
<p> We do not meet with this name until &nbsp;1 Samuel 1:3 . It came in with prophetic testimony, faith laying hold of Jehovah's glory when [[Israel]] had corrupted themselves, and were in a weak and low estate. [[Scripture]] reveals that there is a mighty heavenly host, and principalities and powers in the unseen world. God is the God of them all, as well as God of all the elements of nature, which have often been used by Him to punish His enemies. "The stars in their courses fought against Sisera." &nbsp;Judges 5:20 . We read of 'the God of hosts' only a few times comparatively; it is mostly 'Jehovah of hosts,' and at times 'Jehovah God of hosts,' showing that it is in connection with Israel that God revealed Himself under this name. [[Jehovah]] of hosts dwelt between the cherubim. From the beginning of 1Samuel these titles constantly occur to the end of the O.T. In &nbsp;Psalm 24:10 the Lord Jesus is shown to be "Jehovah of hosts: he is the king of glory:" cf. &nbsp; Ephesians 1:20,21; &nbsp;Colossians 1:16 . The same title occurs in the N.T. as the LORD OF SABAOTH. &nbsp;Romans 9:29 (in a quotation from &nbsp; Isaiah 1:9 ), and &nbsp;James 5:4 . </p>
          
          
== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_5861" /> ==
== Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology <ref name="term_17931" /> ==
<p> [[A]] name or title of God frequently used in the Old Testament, always translated "Yahweh of Hosts" ( ע ֿ2 יהוהנ צבאות , <i> ''''' Yehōwāh ''''' </i> <i> ''''' cebhā'ōth ''''' </i> ) in the American Standard Revised Version, since <i> ''''' Yehōwāh ''''' </i> , never <i> ''''' 'Ădhōnāy ''''' </i> , is used in this phrase. [[Evidently]] the meaning of the title is that all created agencies and forces are under the leadership or dominion of Yahweh, who made and maintains them (&nbsp; Genesis 2:1; &nbsp;Isaiah 45:12 ). It is used to express Yahweh's great power. See [[God]] , [[Names]] Of , [[Iii.,]] 8. </p>
<p> <i> See </i> [[Names Of God]] </p>
          
          
==References ==
==References ==
<references>
<references>


<ref name="term_52466"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/lord+of+hosts Lord Of Hosts from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
<ref name="term_66467"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/hosts,+lord+of Lord Of Hosts from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>
          
          
<ref name="term_5861"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/lord+of+hosts Lord Of Hosts from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
<ref name="term_17931"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/baker-s-evangelical-dictionary-of-biblical-theology/hosts,+lord+of Lord Of Hosts from Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology]</ref>
          
          
</references>
</references>

Revision as of 09:05, 13 October 2021

Morrish Bible Dictionary [1]

We do not meet with this name until  1 Samuel 1:3 . It came in with prophetic testimony, faith laying hold of Jehovah's glory when Israel had corrupted themselves, and were in a weak and low estate. Scripture reveals that there is a mighty heavenly host, and principalities and powers in the unseen world. God is the God of them all, as well as God of all the elements of nature, which have often been used by Him to punish His enemies. "The stars in their courses fought against Sisera."  Judges 5:20 . We read of 'the God of hosts' only a few times comparatively; it is mostly 'Jehovah of hosts,' and at times 'Jehovah God of hosts,' showing that it is in connection with Israel that God revealed Himself under this name. Jehovah of hosts dwelt between the cherubim. From the beginning of 1Samuel these titles constantly occur to the end of the O.T. In  Psalm 24:10 the Lord Jesus is shown to be "Jehovah of hosts: he is the king of glory:" cf.   Ephesians 1:20,21;  Colossians 1:16 . The same title occurs in the N.T. as the LORD OF SABAOTH.  Romans 9:29 (in a quotation from   Isaiah 1:9 ), and  James 5:4 .

Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology [2]

See Names Of God

References

  1. ↑ Lord Of Hosts from Morrish Bible Dictionary
  2. ↑ Lord Of Hosts from Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology
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