Difference between revisions of "Achaia"

<p> Is used in the New [[Testament]] for the whole region of [[Greece]] south of Macedonia, including the Peloponnesus, or Morea, and some territory north of the gulf of Corinth, <span> Acts 18:12 </span> ; <span> 19:21 </span> ; <span> 1 Corinthians 11:10 </span> . [[Achaia]] Proper, however, was a province of Greece, of which [[Corinth]] was the capital, and embraced the northwestern part of the Pelopennesus. [[See]] <a> GREECE </a> . </p>

<p> <translit> a </translit> - <translit> kā´ya </translit> ( <span> Ἀχαιά </span> , <i> <translit> Achaiá </translit> </i> ): The smallest country in the [[Peloponnesus]] lying along the southern shore of the [[Corinthian]] Gulf, north of [[Arcadia]] and east of Elis. The original inhabitants were Ionians, but these were crowded out later by the Acheans, who came from the East. According to Herodotus, the former founded twelve cities, many of which retain their original names to this day. These cities were on the coast and formed a confederation of smaller communities, which in the last century of the independent history of [[Greece]] attained to great importance (Achaean League). [[In]] [[Roman]] times the term [[Achaia]] was used to include the whole of Greece, exclusive of Thessaly. Today Achaia forms with [[Elis]] one district, and contains a population of nearly a quarter of a million. The old [[Achean]] [[League]] was renewed in 280 bc, but became more important in 251, when [[Aratus]] of [[Sicyon]] was chosen commander-in-chief. This great man increased the power of the League and gave it an excellent constitution, which our own great practical politicians, [[Hamilton]] and Madison, consulted, adopting many of its prominent devices, when they set about framing the [[Constitution]] of the [[United]] States. In 146 bc [[Corinth]] was destroyed and the League broken up (see 1 Macc 15:23); and the whole of Greece, under the name of Achaia, was transformed into a Roman province, which was divided into two separate provinces, [[Macedonia]] and Achaia, in 27 bc. </p> <p> In <span> Acts 18:12 </span> we are told that the [[Jews]] in Corinth made insurrection against [[Paul]] when [[Gallio]] was deputy of Achaia, and in <span> Acts 18:27 </span> that [[Apollos]] was making preparations to set out for Achaia In <span> [[Romans]] 16:5 </span> , "Achaia" should read "ASIA" as in the [[Revised]] [[Version]] (British and American). In <span> Acts 20:2 </span> "Greece" means Achaia, but the oft-mentioned "Macedonia and Achaia" generally means the whole of Greece ( <span> Acts 19:21 </span> ; <span> Romans 15:26 </span> ; <span> 1 Thessalonians 1:8 </span> ). Paul commends the churches of Achaia for their liberality ( <span> 2 Corinthians 9:13 </span> ). </p> <h4> [[Literature]] </h4> <p> [[See]] Gerhard, <i> [[Ueber]] den Volksstamm der A </i> . (Berlin, 1854); Klatt, <i> Forschungen zur Geschichte des achaischen Bundes </i> (Berlin, 1877); M. Dubois, <i> [[Les]] ligues étolienne et achéenne </i> (Paris, 1855); Capes, <i> [[History]] of the Achean League </i> (London, 1888); Mahaffy, <i> Problems </i> , 177-86; Busolt, <i> [[Greek]] Staatsalter </i> , 2nd edition (1892), 347ff; Toeppfer, in Pauly's <i> Realencyclopaedie </i> . </p> <p> [[For]] Aratus see Hermann, <i> Staatsalter </i> , 1885; Krakauer, <i> Abhandlung ueber Aratus </i> (Breslau, 1874); Neumeyer, <i> Aratus aus Sikyon </i> (Leipzig, 1886); Holm, <i> History of Greece </i> . </p>