Difference between revisions of "Agate"
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== Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_38129" /> == | == Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_38129" /> == | ||
<span> [[Exodus]] 28:19 </span> <span> Exodus 39:12 </span> <span> [[Isaiah]] 54:12 </span> <span> [[Ezekiel]] 27:16 </span> <span> [[Revelation]] 21:19 </span> | <span> [[Exodus]] 28:19 </span> <span> Exodus 39:12 </span> <span> [[Isaiah]] 54:12 </span> <span> [[Ezekiel]] 27:16 </span> <span> [[Revelation]] 21:19 </span> [[Jewelry Jewels]][[Minerals And Metals]] | ||
== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_49078" /> == | == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_49078" /> == | ||
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== Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_71047" /> == | == Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_71047" /> == | ||
<p> <span> Agate. </span> A beautifully-veined semi-transparent precious stone, a variety of quartz. Its colors are delicately arranged in stripes or bands or blended in clouds. It is mentioned four times in the text of the [[Authorized]] Version, namely, in <span> [[Exodus]] 28:19 </span> ; <span> Exodus 39:12 </span> ; <span> [[Isaiah]] 54:12 </span> ; <span> [[Ezekiel]] 27:16 </span> . </p> <p> [[In]] the two former passages; where it is represented by the [[Hebrew]] word, <span> 'shebo' </span> , it is spoken of as forming the second stone in the third row of the high priest's breastplate; in each of the two latter places, the original word is <span> 'cadced' </span> , by which, no doubt, is intended a different stone. <span> [[See]] </span | <p> <span> Agate. </span> A beautifully-veined semi-transparent precious stone, a variety of quartz. Its colors are delicately arranged in stripes or bands or blended in clouds. It is mentioned four times in the text of the [[Authorized]] Version, namely, in <span> [[Exodus]] 28:19 </span> ; <span> Exodus 39:12 </span> ; <span> [[Isaiah]] 54:12 </span> ; <span> [[Ezekiel]] 27:16 </span> . </p> <p> [[In]] the two former passages; where it is represented by the [[Hebrew]] word, <span> 'shebo' </span> , it is spoken of as forming the second stone in the third row of the high priest's breastplate; in each of the two latter places, the original word is <span> 'cadced' </span> , by which, no doubt, is intended a different stone. <span> [[See]] </span> [[Ruby]] <span> . </span> Our [[English]] agate derives its name from the Achates, on the banks of which it was first found. </p> | ||
== Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_80249" /> == | == Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_80249" /> == | ||
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== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_589" /> == | == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_589" /> == | ||
<p> | <p> '''''ag´ā̇t''''' . [[See]] Stones , [[Precious]] . </p> | ||
== Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_14939" /> == | == Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_14939" /> == | ||
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== Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_18349" /> == | == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_18349" /> == | ||
<p> ( <span> שְׁבוֹ </span> <span> , shebo', </span> signif. unknown; Sept. <span> ἀχάτης </span> , Vulg. <span> achates), </span> a precious, or rather ornamental stone, which was one of those in the breastplate (see Braunii <span> Vest. Sacerd. </span> <span> Hebrews 2:15 </span> ) of the high-priest ( <span> [[Exodus]] 28:19 </span> ; <span> Exodus 39:12 </span> ). The word agate, indeed, occurs also in <span> [[Isaiah]] 54:12 </span> , and <span> [[Ezekiel]] 27:6 </span> , in our translation; but in the original the word is <span> כִּדְכֹּד </span> , <span> kadkod. </span> [[See]] RUBY. [[Theophrastus]] describes the agate as "an elegant stone, which took its name from the river [[Achates]] (now the Drillo, in the Val di Noto), in Sicily, and was sold at a great price" (58). But it must have been known long before in the East, and, in fact, there are few countries in which agates of some quality or other are not produced. The finest are those of India; they are plentiful, and sometimes fine, in Italy, Spain, and Germany. We have no evidence that agates were found in Palestine. Those used in the desert were doubtless brought from Egypt. Pliny says that those found in the neighborhood of [[Thebes]] were usually red veined with white. [[He]] adds that these, as well as most other agates, were deemed to be effectual against scorpions, and gives some curious accounts of the pictorial delineations which the variegations of agates occasionally assumed. [[Agate]] is one of the numerous modifications of form under which silica presents itself, almost in a state of purity, forming 98 per cent. of the entire mineral. The silicious particles are not so arranged as to produce the transparency of rock crystal, but a semi-pellucid, sometimes almost opaque substance, with a resinous or waxy fracture, and the various shades of color arise from minute quantities of iron. The same stone sometimes contains parts of different degrees of translucency, and of various shades of color; and the endless combinations of these produce the beautiful and singular internal forms, from which, together with the high polish they are capable of receiving, agates acquire their value as precious stones. Agates are usually found in detached rounded nodules in that variety of the trap rocks called amygdaloid or mandelstein, and occasionally in other rocks. Some of the most marvellous specimens on record were probably merely fancied, and possibly some were the work of art, as it is known that agates may be artificially stained. From Pliny we learn that in his time agates were less valued than they had been in more ancient times (Hist. Nat. 37, 10). The varieties of the agate are numerous, and are now, as in the time of Pliny, arranged according to the color of their ground. The [[Scripture]] text shows the early use of this stone for engraving; and several antique agates, engraved with exquisite beauty, are still preserved in the cabinets of the curious. (For a further account of the modern agate, see the [[Penny]] Cyclopcedia, s.v.). (See | <p> ( <span> שְׁבוֹ </span> <span> , shebo', </span> signif. unknown; Sept. <span> ἀχάτης </span> , Vulg. <span> achates), </span> a precious, or rather ornamental stone, which was one of those in the breastplate (see Braunii <span> Vest. Sacerd. </span> <span> Hebrews 2:15 </span> ) of the high-priest ( <span> [[Exodus]] 28:19 </span> ; <span> Exodus 39:12 </span> ). The word agate, indeed, occurs also in <span> [[Isaiah]] 54:12 </span> , and <span> [[Ezekiel]] 27:6 </span> , in our translation; but in the original the word is <span> כִּדְכֹּד </span> , <span> kadkod. </span> [[See]] RUBY. [[Theophrastus]] describes the agate as "an elegant stone, which took its name from the river [[Achates]] (now the Drillo, in the Val di Noto), in Sicily, and was sold at a great price" (58). But it must have been known long before in the East, and, in fact, there are few countries in which agates of some quality or other are not produced. The finest are those of India; they are plentiful, and sometimes fine, in Italy, Spain, and Germany. We have no evidence that agates were found in Palestine. Those used in the desert were doubtless brought from Egypt. Pliny says that those found in the neighborhood of [[Thebes]] were usually red veined with white. [[He]] adds that these, as well as most other agates, were deemed to be effectual against scorpions, and gives some curious accounts of the pictorial delineations which the variegations of agates occasionally assumed. [[Agate]] is one of the numerous modifications of form under which silica presents itself, almost in a state of purity, forming 98 per cent. of the entire mineral. The silicious particles are not so arranged as to produce the transparency of rock crystal, but a semi-pellucid, sometimes almost opaque substance, with a resinous or waxy fracture, and the various shades of color arise from minute quantities of iron. The same stone sometimes contains parts of different degrees of translucency, and of various shades of color; and the endless combinations of these produce the beautiful and singular internal forms, from which, together with the high polish they are capable of receiving, agates acquire their value as precious stones. Agates are usually found in detached rounded nodules in that variety of the trap rocks called amygdaloid or mandelstein, and occasionally in other rocks. Some of the most marvellous specimens on record were probably merely fancied, and possibly some were the work of art, as it is known that agates may be artificially stained. From Pliny we learn that in his time agates were less valued than they had been in more ancient times (Hist. Nat. 37, 10). The varieties of the agate are numerous, and are now, as in the time of Pliny, arranged according to the color of their ground. The [[Scripture]] text shows the early use of this stone for engraving; and several antique agates, engraved with exquisite beauty, are still preserved in the cabinets of the curious. (For a further account of the modern agate, see the [[Penny]] Cyclopcedia, s.v.). (See [[Gem]]). </p> | ||
==References == | ==References == | ||
