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| == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_64533" /> ==
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| <p> This word, as a measure of land, occurs twice in the Authorised version. In 1 Samuel 14:14 , the word is <i> maanah, </i> 'a furrow,' reading in the margin 'half a furrow of an acre.' In Isaiah 5:10 it is <i> tsemed, </i> 'a pair, or yoke' The 'acre' was as much as a yoke of oxen would plough in a day. The Latin etymology is similar: thus <i> jugum </i> a yoke; <i> jugerum </i> an acre. The Roman acre contained 28,800 square feet (being 240 feet in length by 120 in breadth), which is less than two-thirds of an English acre, which contains 43,560 square feet. "The [[Egyptian]] land measure," says Wilkinson, "was the <i> aroura, </i> or <i> arura, </i> a square of 100 cubits, covering an area of 10,000 cubits . . . . . It contained 29,184 square English feet (the cubit being full 20-1/2 inches) and was little more than three quarters of an English acre." What the [[Jewish]] acre exactly contained we have no means of ascertaining: it is not included in the usual lists of weights and measures as a definite measure of land. The passage in Isaiah 5:10 : "ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath" clearly refers to a time of great dearth which [[Jehovah]] would send upon [[Israel]] in judgement. </p> | | Acre <ref name="term_354" /> |
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| | <p> ''''' ā´kẽr ''''' ( צמד , <i> ''''' cemedh ''''' </i> ): A term of land-measurement used twice in the English versions of the Bible ( Isaiah 5:10; 1 Samuel 14:14 ), and said to be the only term in square measure found in the Old Testament. The English word "acre" originally signified field. Then it came to denote the measure of land that an ox team could plow in a day, and upon the basis of a maximum acre of this kind the standard acre of 160 square rods (with variations in different regions) was fixed. The [[Hebrew]] word translated acre denotes a yoke of animals, in the sense of a team, a span, a pair; it is never used to denote the yoke by which the team are coupled together. The phrase 'ten yokes of vineyard' ( Isaiah 5:10 ) may naturally mean vineyard covering as much land as a team would plow in ten days, though other plausible meanings can also be suggested. In 1 Samuel 14:14 the same word is used in describing the limits of space within which [[Jonathan]] and his armor-bearer slew twenty Philistines. The translation of the Revised Version (British and American), "within as it were half a furrow's length in an acre of land," means, strictly, that they were slain along a line from two to twenty rods in length. The word rendered "furrow," used only here and in Psalm 129:3 , is in Brown's <i> Hebrew Lexicon </i> defined as "plowing-ground." This gives the rendering "as it were in half a plowing-stint, a yoke of ground," the last two phrases defining each the other, so that the meaning is substantially that of the paraphrase in the King James Version. There is here an alleged obscurity and uncertainty in the text, but it is not such as to affect either the translation or the nature of the event. </p> |
| == King James Dictionary <ref name="term_57953" /> ==
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| <p> ACRE, n. a'ker. Gr Lat. ager. In these languages, the word retains its primitive sense, an open, plowed, or sowed field. In Eng. it retained its original signification, that of any open field, until it was limited to a definite quantity by statutes 31. Ed. 35 [[Ed]] 1.24. H.8 </p> 1. A quantity of land, containing 160 square rods or perches or 4840 square yards. This is the English statute acre. The acre of [[Scotland]] contains 6150 2-5 square yards. The French arpent is nearly equal to the Scottish acre, about a fifth larger than the English. The Roman juger was 3200 square yards. 2. In the Mogul's dominions, acre is the same as lack, or 100,00 rupees, equal to 12,500 sterling, or ,500.. <p> Acre-fight, a sort of duel in the open field, formerly fought by English and Scotch combatants on their frontiers. </p> <p> Acre-tax, a tax on land in England, at a certain sum for each acre, called also acre-shot. </p>
| | == References == |
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| == Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_82841" /> ==
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| <p> '''(1):''' (n.) A piece of land, containing 160 square rods, or 4,840 square yards, or 43,560 square feet. This is the English statute acre. That of the United States is the same. The Scotch acre was about 1.26 of the English, and the Irish 1.62 of the English. </p> <p> '''(2):''' (n.) Any field of arable or pasture land. </p>
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| == Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_38216" /> ==
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| <i> tsemed </i> 1 Samuel 14:14 Isaiah 5:10
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| == Easton's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_30510" /> ==
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| Isaiah 5:10 1 Samuel 14:14
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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_49089" /> ==
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| <p> <strong> ACRE </strong> . See [[Weights]] and Measures. </p>
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| == Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_15073" /> ==
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| <p> [[Acre]] [ACCHO] </p>
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| ==References == | |
| <references> | | <references> |
| | | <ref name="term_354"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/acre+(2) Acre from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref> |
| <ref name="term_64533"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/acre Acre from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref> | |
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| <ref name="term_57953"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/king-james-dictionary/acre Acre from King James Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_82841"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/webster-s-dictionary/acre Acre from Webster's Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_38216"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/holman-bible-dictionary/acre Acre from Holman Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_30510"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/easton-s-bible-dictionary/acre Acre from Easton's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_49089"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/acre Acre from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_15073"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/kitto-s-popular-cyclopedia-of-biblial-literature/acre Acre from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature]</ref>
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| </references> | | </references> |
Acre [1]
ā´kẽr ( צמד , cemedh ): A term of land-measurement used twice in the English versions of the Bible ( Isaiah 5:10; 1 Samuel 14:14 ), and said to be the only term in square measure found in the Old Testament. The English word "acre" originally signified field. Then it came to denote the measure of land that an ox team could plow in a day, and upon the basis of a maximum acre of this kind the standard acre of 160 square rods (with variations in different regions) was fixed. The Hebrew word translated acre denotes a yoke of animals, in the sense of a team, a span, a pair; it is never used to denote the yoke by which the team are coupled together. The phrase 'ten yokes of vineyard' ( Isaiah 5:10 ) may naturally mean vineyard covering as much land as a team would plow in ten days, though other plausible meanings can also be suggested. In 1 Samuel 14:14 the same word is used in describing the limits of space within which Jonathan and his armor-bearer slew twenty Philistines. The translation of the Revised Version (British and American), "within as it were half a furrow's length in an acre of land," means, strictly, that they were slain along a line from two to twenty rods in length. The word rendered "furrow," used only here and in Psalm 129:3 , is in Brown's Hebrew Lexicon defined as "plowing-ground." This gives the rendering "as it were in half a plowing-stint, a yoke of ground," the last two phrases defining each the other, so that the meaning is substantially that of the paraphrase in the King James Version. There is here an alleged obscurity and uncertainty in the text, but it is not such as to affect either the translation or the nature of the event.
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