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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament <ref name="term_55171" /> ==
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| <p> <b> [[Bushel]] </b> <b> ( </b> ὁ μόδιος, Matthew 5:15, Mark 4:21, Luke 11:33—a Lat. word with a Gr. form).—The Roman <i> modius </i> , equal to 16 <i> sextarii </i> , or approximately one English peck, was not a measure in common use in [[Jewish]] households. Although the definite article is probably generic (‘ <i> the </i> bushel,’ so Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885), the measure which would lend itself naturally to our Lord’s illustration, and that to which He actually referred, was the [[Hebrew]] <i> seah </i> measure used by the housewife in preparing the daily bread. While the <i> seah </i> measure varied in size according to locality, it is generally regarded as being equal to one <i> modius </i> and a quarter, though [[Josephus]] ( <i> Ant. </i> ix. iv. 5) states: ‘A <i> seah </i> is equal to an [[Italian]] <i> modius </i> and a half.’ </p> <p> To the influence of Roman customs was no doubt due the substitution of <i> modius </i> for <i> seah </i> in the report of the saying ( Matthew 5:15 etc.); and in like manner, since no importance was attached by our Lord to exactness of measure, the familiar ‘bushel’ of earlier English versions has been retained by the Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885, although ‘peck’ would be a more accurate rendering. </p> <p> The saying of our Lord is as picturesque as it is forcible. It gives us a glimpse into a [[Galilaean]] home, where the commonest articles of furniture would be the lamp, the lampstand, the <i> seah </i> measure, and the couch. And who could fail to apprehend the force of the metaphor? ‘When the word has been proclaimed, its purpose is defeated if it be concealed by the hearers; when the lamp comes in, who would put it under the <i> modius </i> or the couch of the <i> triclinium </i> ?’ (Swete on Mark 4:21). </p> <p> Literature.—Art. ‘Weights and Measures’ in Hasting's Dictionary of the Bible iv. 911a, 913b, and the <i> Encyc. Bibl. </i> iv. col. 5294 f. </p> <p> Alex. A. Duncan. </p>
| | Bushel <ref name="term_28864" /> |
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| == Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_76968" /> ==
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| <div> '''1: '''''Μόδιος''''' ''' (Strong'S #3426 — Noun Masculine — modios — mod'-ee-os ) </div> <p> was a dry measure containing about a peck, Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33 . </p>
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| == King James Dictionary <ref name="term_58704" /> ==
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| <p> BUSH'EL, n. A dry measure, containing eight gallons, or four pecks. The standard English bushel,by Stat.12 . Henry VII., contains eight gallons of wheat, each gallon eight pounds of wheat, troy weight, the pound, twelve ounces troy, the ounce, twenty sterlings, and the sterling,thirty two grains of wheat growing in the middle of the ear. The contents are 2145.6 solid inches, equivalent to 1131 ounces and 14 pennyweights troy. </p> <p> The English bushel is used also in the U. States. </p> <p> Bushel signifies both the quantity or capacity, and the vessel which will contain the quantity. </p> 1. In popular language, a large quantity indefinitely. 2. The circle of iron in the nave of a wheel in America, called a box. See Bush.
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| == Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_96393" /> ==
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| <p> '''(1):''' (n.) A large indefinite quantity. </p> <p> '''(2):''' (n.) A quantity that fills a bushel measure; as, a heap containing ten bushels of apples. </p> <p> '''(3):''' (n.) The iron lining in the nave of a wheel. [Eng.] In the United States it is called a box. See 4th Bush. </p> <p> '''(4):''' (v. t. & i.) To mend or repair, as men's garments; to repair garments. </p> <p> '''(5):''' (n.) A dry measure, containing four pecks, eight gallons, or thirty-two quarts. </p> <p> '''(6):''' (n.) A vessel of the capacity of a bushel, used in measuring; a bushel measure. </p>
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| == Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types <ref name="term_197565" /> ==
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| <p> Matthew 5:15 (b) A type of business affairs under which some [[Christians]] bury their testimony. (See also Luke 11:33). </p>
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| == Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_71662" /> ==
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| <p> '''Bushel.''' ''See '' '''Weights and Measures''' ''.'' </p>
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| == People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_69748" /> ==
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| <p> '''Bushel.''' Matthew 5:15. See Measures. </p>
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| == American Tract Society Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_15565" /> ==
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| <p> Used in the New [[Testament]] to express the Greek modius, which was about a peck by our measure. </p>
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| == Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_39176" /> ==
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| [[Weights And Measures]]
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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_50049" /> ==
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| <p> <strong> BUSHEL </strong> . See [[Weights]] and Measures. </p>
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| == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_65357" /> ==
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| <p> See [[Weights Andmeasurfs]] </p>
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| == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_28858" /> ==
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| <p> is used in the Auth. Vers. to express the Greek '''''Μόδιος''''' , Latin ''Modius,'' a Roman measure for dry articles, equal to one sixth of the Attic medimnus (see Smith's ''Dict. Of Class. Antiq.'' s.v. Modius), and containing 1 gall. 7,8576 pints, or nearly one peck English measure ( Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33). (See [[Measure]]). </p> | | <p> is used in the Auth. Vers. to express the Greek '''''Μόδιος''''' , Latin ''Modius,'' a Roman measure for dry articles, equal to one sixth of the Attic medimnus (see Smith's ''Dict. Of Class. Antiq.'' s.v. Modius), and containing 1 gall. 7,8576 pints, or nearly one peck English measure ( Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33). (See [[Measure]]). </p> |
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| == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_2015" /> ==
| | == References == |
| <p> ''''' boosh´el ''''' ( μόδιος , <i> ''''' módios ''''' </i> ): A dry measure containing about a peck, but as it is used in the New Testament ( Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33 ) it does not refer to capacity but is used only to indicate a covering to conceal the light. </p>
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| == Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_15164" /> ==
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| <p> Bushel is used in the Authorized Version to express a measure of about a peck. </p>
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| ==References == | |
| <references> | | <references> |
| | | <ref name="term_28864"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/bushel+(2) Bushel from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref> |
| <ref name="term_55171"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-new-testament/bushel Bushel from Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament]</ref> | |
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| <ref name="term_76968"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/vine-s-expository-dictionary-of-nt-words/bushel Bushel from Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_58704"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/king-james-dictionary/bushel Bushel from King James Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_96393"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/webster-s-dictionary/bushel Bushel from Webster's Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_197565"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/wilson-s-dictionary-of-bible-types/bushel Bushel from Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_71662"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/smith-s-bible-dictionary/bushel Bushel from Smith's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_69748"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/people-s-dictionary-of-the-bible/bushel Bushel from People's Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_15565"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/american-tract-society-bible-dictionary/bushel Bushel from American Tract Society Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_39176"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/holman-bible-dictionary/bushel Bushel from Holman Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_50049"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/bushel Bushel from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_65357"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/bushel Bushel from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_28858"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/bushel Bushel from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_2015"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/bushel Bushel from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_15164"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/kitto-s-popular-cyclopedia-of-biblial-literature/bushel Bushel from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature]</ref>
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| </references> | | </references> |
