Difference between revisions of "Tent"

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(Replaced content with " Tent <ref name="term_62913" /> <p> The following description of this Arab domicile, from Conder's Tent Work, 2:275, contains some additional information: </p> <p> "Th...")
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Tent <ref name="term_9034" />  
 
<p> ''''' tent ''''' ( אהל , <i> ''''' 'ōhel ''''' </i> ; σκηνή , <i> ''''' skēnḗ ''''' </i> ; <i> ''''' 'ōhel ''''' </i> is a derivative of אהל , <i> ''''' 'āhal ''''' </i> , "to be clear," "to shine"; hence, <i> ''''' 'ōhel ''''' </i> , "to be conspicuous from a distance"): In the great stretches of uncultivated lands in the interior of [[Syria]] or Arabia, which probably have much the same aspect today as in Abraham's time, it is an easy matter to espy an encampment of roving Bedouin, "a nation ... that dwelleth without care ... that have neither gates nor bars" ( Jeremiah 49:31 ). The peaks of their black (compare Song of [[Solomon]] 1:5 ) goats' hair tents stand out in contrast against the lighter colors of the soil. </p> <p> There seems to be little doubt about the antiquity of the Arab tent, and one can rightly believe that-the dwelling-places of Abraham, Sarah, Jacob, and their descendants were made on the same pattern and of the same materials ( [[Genesis]] 4:20; Genesis 9:27; Genesis 12:8; Genesis 13:3; Genesis 18:6; Genesis 31:25 , Genesis 31:30; [[Psalm]] 78:55; Hebrews 11:9 , etc.). Long after the children of [[Israel]] had given up their tents for houses they continued to worship in tents ( 2 Samuel 7:1-6; 2 Chronicles 1:3 , 2 Chronicles 1:4 ) (for the use of tents in connection with religious observances see [[Tabernacle]] ). </p> <p> The Arab tents (called <i> ''''' bait ''''' </i> <i> ''''' sha‛r ''''' </i> , "house of hair") are made of strips of black goats' hair cloth, sewed together into one large piece (see &GOATS' [[Hair]]; [[Weaving]] ). Poles are placed under this covering at intervals to hold it from the ground, and it is stretched over these poles by ropes of goats hair or hemp (compare Job 4:21; Isaiah 54:2; Jeremiah 10:20 ) "fastened to hard-wood pins driven into the ground ( Isaiah 54:2; Judges 4:21; Judges 5:26 ). A large wooden mallet for driving the pegs is part of the regular camp equipment ( Judges 4:21; Judges 5:26 ). The sides (curtains) of the tent ( Isaiah 54:2 ) are made of strips of goats hair cloth or from mats woven from split cane or rushes (see Illustration, p. 2948). Where more than one family occupies the same tent or the animals are provided with shelter under the same roof (compare 2 Chronicles 14:15 ), curtains of the same materials mentioned above form the dividing walls. A corner of the matting where two ends meet is turned back to form the door of the tent ( Genesis 18:1 ). In the summer time the walls are mostly removed. New tents are not water-proof, and the condition of the interior after a heavy rain is not far from squalid. The tent material becomes matted by use, especially if wool has been woven into the fabric, and is then a better protection against the rain. It is the women's duty to pitch the tents. </p> <p> The poorer Arabs have no mats to cover the ground under their tents. [[Straw]] mats, goats' hair or woolen rugs (compare Judges 4:18 ), more or less elaborate as the taste and means of the family allow, are the usual coverings for the tent floor. The food supplies are usually kept in goats' hair bags, the liquids, as oil or milk products, in skins. One or two tinned copper cooking-vessels, a shallow tray of the same material, a coffee set consisting of roasting pan, mortar and pestle, boiling-pot and cups, make up the usual camp furniture. The more thrifty include bedding in their equipment, but this increases the difficulties of moving, since it might require more than the one animal, sometimes only a donkey, which carries all the earthly belongings of the family. A sheikh or chief has several tents, one for himself and guests, separate ones for his wives and female servants, and still others for his animals (compare Genesis 31:33 ). </p> <p> Other [[Hebrew]] words translated "tent" are forms of חנה , <i> ''''' ḥānāh ''''' </i> ( Numbers 13:19; 1 Samuel 17:53; 2 Kings 7:16; 2 Chronicles 31:2; Zechariah 14:15 ); סכּה , <i> '''''ṣukkāh''''' </i> ( 2 Samuel 11:11; 2 Samuel 22:12 ); משׁכּנות , <i> '''''mishkenōth''''' </i> ( Song of Solomon 1:8 ). </p> <p> Figurative : "Neither shall the [[Arabian]] pitch tent there" typified utter desolation ( Isaiah 13:20 ). "Enlarge the place of thy tent ... stretch forth the curtains ... lengthen thy cords ... strengthen thy stakes" prophesied an increase in numbers and prosperity of God's people ( Isaiah 54:2; compare Isaiah 33:20; Luke 16:9; 2 Corinthians 5:4 ). Tent cords plucked up denoted death. ( Job 4:21 ). Jeremiah 10:20 is a picture of a destroyed household as applied to Judah. [[Hezekiah]] in his sickness bewails that his dwelling (life) had been carried away as easily as a shepherd's tent is plucked up ( Isaiah 38:12 ). Isaiah compared the heavens to a tent spread out ( Isaiah 40:22 ). "They shall pitch their tents against her" i.e. they shall make war ( Jeremiah 6:3 ). </p>
Tent <ref name="term_62913" />
==References ==
<p> The following description of this [[Arab]] domicile, from Conder's Tent Work, 2:275, contains some additional information: </p> <p> "The tents are arranged in different ways. Among the Sugr a large encampment was set out in parallel lines some fifty yards apart, the tents in each row being close together, end to end. Among the Ta'amireh and Jahalin the usual form is a rectangle. The average length of tile tent is from twenty to twenty-five feet, but the small ones will sometimes be only ten feet long, and the larger forty feet. The distance between two tents in a lile is about four feet. Thus a camp of twenty tents occupied a space of two hundred feet by seventy feet. In another case the form was a triangle, the reason of this arrangement being that the flocks are driven into the enclosure at night, and thus protected from the attacks of robbers or prevented from straying by themselves. </p> <p> "The Arab tent is extremely unlike the usual representations, in which it is shown either as a sort of hut, as among the Turkomans, or as a bell-tent, instead of a long black 'house of hair,' with a low, slouping roof and open front. It has, however, been carefully described by Burckhardt, and there is little to add to his account. The canvas of the roof and side walls is of goat's hair, black, with occasionally stripes of white running horizontally (&nbsp;Song of [[Solomon]] 1:5). The pieces of stuff are about two feet wide, and thirty to fifty feet long. The tent has generally nine poles ('Awamnid), arranged three and three, those in the centre being the longest; thus the tent has a low ridge both ways in order to run the rain off. The cloths at the side can be easily removed as the sun and wind requires, one side being always left open. The tents are supported by cords and by pegs (Antad), which are driven with a mallet (&nbsp;Judges 4:21). The average height of a tent is about seven feet. </p> <p> "Frail and cold as these habitations might be thought to prove,in 'winter, they are really far more comfortable than would be expected. Being so low, the wind does not blow them over, and they are, moreover, most skilfully pitched, generally below a steep bank or low swell. Even in heavy storms I have found the interiors dry, and the heavy canvas does not let the rain -through. The Arabs, however, suffer very much from rheumatism in winter. In summer they occasionally inhabit reed huts ('Arish), which are cooler than the tents." </p>
 
== References ==
<references>
<references>
<ref name="term_9034"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/tent Tent from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
<ref name="term_62913"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/tent+(2) Tent from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
</references>
</references>

Latest revision as of 17:19, 15 October 2021

Tent [1]

The following description of this Arab domicile, from Conder's Tent Work, 2:275, contains some additional information:

"The tents are arranged in different ways. Among the Sugr a large encampment was set out in parallel lines some fifty yards apart, the tents in each row being close together, end to end. Among the Ta'amireh and Jahalin the usual form is a rectangle. The average length of tile tent is from twenty to twenty-five feet, but the small ones will sometimes be only ten feet long, and the larger forty feet. The distance between two tents in a lile is about four feet. Thus a camp of twenty tents occupied a space of two hundred feet by seventy feet. In another case the form was a triangle, the reason of this arrangement being that the flocks are driven into the enclosure at night, and thus protected from the attacks of robbers or prevented from straying by themselves.

"The Arab tent is extremely unlike the usual representations, in which it is shown either as a sort of hut, as among the Turkomans, or as a bell-tent, instead of a long black 'house of hair,' with a low, slouping roof and open front. It has, however, been carefully described by Burckhardt, and there is little to add to his account. The canvas of the roof and side walls is of goat's hair, black, with occasionally stripes of white running horizontally ( Song of Solomon 1:5). The pieces of stuff are about two feet wide, and thirty to fifty feet long. The tent has generally nine poles ('Awamnid), arranged three and three, those in the centre being the longest; thus the tent has a low ridge both ways in order to run the rain off. The cloths at the side can be easily removed as the sun and wind requires, one side being always left open. The tents are supported by cords and by pegs (Antad), which are driven with a mallet ( Judges 4:21). The average height of a tent is about seven feet.

"Frail and cold as these habitations might be thought to prove,in 'winter, they are really far more comfortable than would be expected. Being so low, the wind does not blow them over, and they are, moreover, most skilfully pitched, generally below a steep bank or low swell. Even in heavy storms I have found the interiors dry, and the heavy canvas does not let the rain -through. The Arabs, however, suffer very much from rheumatism in winter. In summer they occasionally inhabit reed huts ('Arish), which are cooler than the tents."

References