Difference between revisions of "Lydia"

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== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_52394" /> ==
== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_5772" /> ==
<p> <strong> [[Lydia]] </strong> was the name for the central part of the coast-land on the west of Asia Minor in ancient times, having been so called from the race which inhabited it, the Lydians. At the earliest time of which we have any knowledge it was a prosperous kingdom, and the name of the last king, CrÅ“sus, has become proverbial for wealth. The [[Persians]] seized the kingdom from him about b.c. 546 (‘Lydia’ in &nbsp; Ezekiel 30:5 AV [Note: Authorized Version.] is corrected to ‘ <strong> [[Lud]] </strong> ’ in RV [Note: Revised Version.] ). [[Alexander]] the Great conquered it in b.c. 334. The possession of it was disputed by the Pergamenians and Seleucids till b.c. 190, in which year it became definitely Pergamenian (cf. 1Ma 8:8 ). In b.c. 133 it passed by will with the rest of the Pergamenian kingdom into the Roman Empire, and the whole kingdom was henceforth known as the province Asia, by which name alone it is indicated in the NT (see Asia). After the formation of this province, the term ‘Lydia’ had only an ethnological significance. The chief interest of Lydia for us is that it contained several very ancient and important great cities (of the Ionian branch), Smyrna, Ephesus, Sardis, Colophon, etc., some of which were among the ‘churches of Asia.’ The evangelization of the country is connected with St. Paul’s long residence in [[Ephesus]] (&nbsp; Acts 19:1 ff.). </p> <p> A. Souter. </p>
<p> ''''' lid´i ''''' - ''''' a ''''' ( Λυδί , <i> ''''' Ludı́a ''''' </i> ): The feminine of Lydian, a native of Lydia, a large country on the West of Asia Minor, and the name of Paul's first convert in Europe. This name was a popular one for women (compare Horace <i> Odes </i> i. 8; iii. 9; vi. 20), but Ramsay thinks she "was familiarly known in the town by the ethnic that showed her origin" ( <i> Hdb </i> , under the word "Lydia"; compare <i> St. Paul the Traveler </i> , 214). It has always been and is still a common custom in the Orient to refer to one living in a foreign land by employing the adjective which designates the nationality. Renan thinks it means "the Lydian"; [[Thyatira]] is a city of Lydia. [[Lydia]] was (1) living in Philippi, (2) of the city of Thyatira, (3) a seller of the purple-dyed garments from her native town, (4) and "one that worshipped God." Her occupation shows her to have been a woman of some capital. The phrase which describes her religion ( <i> ''''' seboménē ''''' </i> <i> ''''' tón ''''' </i> <i> ''''' Theón ''''' </i> ) is the usual designation for a proselyte. She was in the habit of frequenting a place of prayer by a riverside, a situation convenient for the necessary ablutions required by the [[Jewish]] worship, and there Paul and his companions met her. After she had been listening to Paul (Greek imperfect), the Lord opened her heart to give heed to his teaching ("To open is the part of God, to pay attention that of the woman," Chrysostom). Her baptism and that of her household followed. To prove her sincerity she besought the missionaries to accept the hospitality of her home. Her house probably became the center for the church in [[Philippi]] (&nbsp; Acts 16:14 , &nbsp;Acts 16:15 , &nbsp;Acts 16:40 ). Lydia is not mentioned in Paul's letter to the Philippians, but, if Ramsay be correct, she may have been [[Euodias]] or [[Syntyche]] (&nbsp;Philippians 4:2 ). </p>
       
== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_5731" /> ==
<p> ''''' lid´i ''''' - ''''' a ''''' ( Λυδία , <i> ''''' Ludı́a ''''' </i> ): An important country in the western part of Asia Minor bounded on the North by Mysia, on the East by Phrygia, on the South by Caria, and on the West by the Aegean Sea. Its surface is rugged, but along the valleys between its mountain ranges ran some of the most important highways from the coast cities to the distant interior. Of its many rivers the chief are the Cayster, the Lower Hermus, the Cogamos, the Caicus and, during a part of its course, the Meander. </p> <p> Lydia was an exceedingly ancient and powerful kingdom whose history is composed chiefly of that of its individual cities. In 546 Bc it fell into the hands of the Persians, and in 334 Bc it became a part of Alexander's empire. After the death of Alexander its possession was claimed by the kings both of [[Pergamos]] and of Seleucia, but in 190 Bc it became the undisputed possession of the former (&nbsp;1 [[Maccabees]] 8:8 ). With the death of [[Attalus]] III, 133 BC, it was transferred by the will of that king to Rome, and Lydia, which then became but a name, formed, along with Caria, [[Mysia]] and Phrygia, a part of the Roman province of Asia (see [[Asia]] ). Chief among its cities were [[Smyrna]] and Ephesus, two of the most important in Asia Minor, and Smyrna is still the largest and wealthiest city of that part of Turkey. At Ephesus, the seat of the goddess Diana, Paul remained longer than elsewhere in Asia, and there his most important missionary work was done (&nbsp;Acts 19 ). Hence, Lydia figures prominently in the early history of the church; it became Christianized during the residence of the apostle at Ephesus, or soon afterward (see also [[Lud]] ). </p>
          
          
==References ==
==References ==
<references>
<references>


<ref name="term_52394"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/lydia+(1) Lydia from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
<ref name="term_5772"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/lydia+(2) Lydia from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_5731"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/lydia+(1) Lydia from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
          
          
</references>
</references>

Latest revision as of 14:29, 16 October 2021

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [1]

lid´i - a ( Λυδί , Ludı́a ): The feminine of Lydian, a native of Lydia, a large country on the West of Asia Minor, and the name of Paul's first convert in Europe. This name was a popular one for women (compare Horace Odes i. 8; iii. 9; vi. 20), but Ramsay thinks she "was familiarly known in the town by the ethnic that showed her origin" ( Hdb , under the word "Lydia"; compare St. Paul the Traveler , 214). It has always been and is still a common custom in the Orient to refer to one living in a foreign land by employing the adjective which designates the nationality. Renan thinks it means "the Lydian"; Thyatira is a city of Lydia. Lydia was (1) living in Philippi, (2) of the city of Thyatira, (3) a seller of the purple-dyed garments from her native town, (4) and "one that worshipped God." Her occupation shows her to have been a woman of some capital. The phrase which describes her religion ( seboménē tón Theón ) is the usual designation for a proselyte. She was in the habit of frequenting a place of prayer by a riverside, a situation convenient for the necessary ablutions required by the Jewish worship, and there Paul and his companions met her. After she had been listening to Paul (Greek imperfect), the Lord opened her heart to give heed to his teaching ("To open is the part of God, to pay attention that of the woman," Chrysostom). Her baptism and that of her household followed. To prove her sincerity she besought the missionaries to accept the hospitality of her home. Her house probably became the center for the church in Philippi (  Acts 16:14 ,  Acts 16:15 ,  Acts 16:40 ). Lydia is not mentioned in Paul's letter to the Philippians, but, if Ramsay be correct, she may have been Euodias or Syntyche ( Philippians 4:2 ).

References

  1. ↑ Lydia from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
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