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| == Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_36959" /> ==
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| <p> Solomon's palace is illustrated by those of [[Nineveh]] and [[Persepolis]] lately discovered. The great hall of state was "the house of the forest of ''(Pillars Of [[Cedar]] Of)'' Lebanon," 150 ft. long (100 cubits) by 75 broad ( 1 Kings 7:2). There were "four rows of cedar pillars with cedar beams upon the pillars. It was covered with cedar above upon the beams, that lay on 45 pillars, 15 in a row." Three rows stood free, the fourth was built into the outer wall (Josephus, Ant. 7:5, section 2, 11:5). "There were windows in three rows, and light against light in three ranks"; namely, clerestory windows. The throne was in the center of the longer side. The porch of judgment, 75 ft. square, was opposite the center of the longer side of the great hall (Josephus, Ant. 7:5, section 1): 2 Kings 7:7. The position of a like hall at Persepolis is the same. The porch of pillars, 75 ft. by 45 ft. (50 by 30 cubits): 1 Kings 7:6. The ordinary place for the king to receive visitors and to transact business. [[Behind]] was the inner court ( 1 Kings 7:8) with gardens, fountains, and cloisters, and courts for residence of attendants and guards, and for the 300 women of the harem. </p> <p> On the side of the great court opposite the inner court was the palace of Pharaoh's daughter. "The foundation" ( 1 Kings 7:10) was an artificial platform of masonry, as at Sennacherib's palace at Koyunjik and at Baalbek, some stones being 60 ft. long. The halls of the palace were wainscoted with three tiers of polished stone, surmounted by a fourth, elaborately carved with leaves and flowers ( 1 Kings 7:12). Above this the walls had plaster with colored arabesque. At Nineveh, on the eight feet high alabaster wainscoting were sculptured men and animals ( Ezekiel 23:14), whereas the second commandment restrained the [[Jews]] from such representations. But coloring was used freely for decoration ( Jeremiah 22:14). "The palace" in Philippians 1:13 is the barrack of the Praetorian guards attached to Nero's palace on the [[Palatine]] hill at Rome. So "Caesar's household" is mentioned ( Philippians 4:22). </p> <p> The emperor was "praetor " or "commander in chief"; so the barrack of his bodyguard was the "praetorium ". The "all the praetorium" implies that the whole camp, whether inside or outside the city, is included. The camp of the Praetorians, who became virtual masters of the empire, was outside the Viminal gate. Paul was now no longer "in his own hired house" chained to a soldier, by command (probably) of Burrus, one of the two prefects of the praetorium ( Acts 28:16; Acts 28:20; Acts 28:30-31), but in strict custody in the praetorium on Tigellinus becoming prefect. The soldiers relieving one another in guard would naturally spread through the camp the gospel story heard from Paul, which was the occasion of his imprisonment. Thus God overruled what befell him "unto the furtherance of the gospel" ( Philippians 1:12). </p> <p> A recent traveler, Dr. Manning, describes a remarkable illustration of the reference to "Caesar's household": "in the chambers which were occupied as guard rooms by the Praetorian troops on duty in the palace, a number of rude caricatures are found roughly scratched upon the walls, just such as may be seen upon barrack walls in every part of the world. Among these is one of a human figure nailed upon a cross. To add to the 'offense of the cross' the crucified one is represented with the head of an animal, probably that of an ass. Before it stands the figure of a Roman legionary, with one hand upraised in the customary attitude of worship. [[Underneath]] is the rude, misspell, ungrammatical inscription, Alexamenos worships his god. It can scarcely be doubted that we have here a contemporary caricature, executed by one of the Praetorian guard, ridiculing the faith of a [[Christian]] comrade." </p> | | Palace <ref name="term_54277" /> |
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| | <p> in ecclesiastical phraseology is used for a bishop's house, called before the Norman invasion the minster-house, in which he resided with his family of clerks. It was provided with a gatehouse at [[Chichester]] and Hereford; at Wells it is moated and defended by walls; at [[Durham]] it is an actual castle; at [[Lincoln]] and St. David's it exists only as a magnificent ruin; the chapels remain at York, Winchester, Chichester, Durham, Wells, and Salisbury; and the hall is preserved at Chichester; a few portions remain at Worcester. There is a very perfect example at Ely. Bishops had town houses mostly along the Strand, as el as numerous country houses, like Farnham Rose, Hartlebury, and Bishop's Auckland. The chapels of [[Lambeth]] and [[Ely]] Place (Holborn), the abbots' houses at [[Peterborough]] and Chester, converted at the [[Reformation]] into palaces, retain many ancient portions, like those of Bayeux, Sens, Noyon, Beauvais, Auxerre, Meaux, and Laon. See Walcott, [[Sacred]] Archceol. s.v. </p> |
| == Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_42937" /> ==
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| 1 Kings 16:18 2 Kings 15:25 Psalm 122:7 Song of [[Solomon]] 8:9 Isaiah 34:13 Amos 1:4 Amos 1:4 Song of Solomon 8:9 Amos 4:3 Matthew 26:3 Luke 11:21 Matthew 26:1 <i> aule </i> Luke 11:1 Philippians 1:13 <p> Palaces served not only as royal residences but as a means of displaying the wealth of a kingdom. Esther 1:6-7 describes the palace of King [[Ahasuerus]] (Xerxes I) of [[Assyria]] which featured fine curtains, marble pillars, and ornate mosaic floors. David's palace was built by workers sent by King [[Hiram]] of [[Tyre]] and featured cedar woodwork ( 2 Samuel 5:11 ). The palace must have been large to accommodate David's growing number of wives, concubines, and children ( 2 Samuel 3:2-5; 2 Samuel 5:13-16 ), as well as store booty, such as the golden shields which David seized ( 2 Samuel 8:7 ). Solomon's palace complex required thirteen years for completion ( 1 Kings 7:1 ). His palace complex included the “house of the forest of Lebanon” ( 1 Kings 7:2 ), an immense hall featuring 45 cedar pillars and Solomon's golden shields ( 1 Kings 10:16-18 ), the “porch of pillars” ( 1 Kings 7:6 ), the “Hall of Justice” ( 1 Kings 7:7 NRSV), featuring an ivory and gold throne ( 1 Kings 10:18-20 ), and private dwellings for both king and Pharoah's daughter ( 1 Kings 7:8 ). [[Builders]] used costly hewn stone and cedar throughout the palace (1Kings 7:9, 1 Kings 7:11 ). Portions of this palace complex survived the destruction of [[Jerusalem]] by the [[Babylonians]] ( Nehemiah 3:25 ). King Ahab's palace in [[Samaria]] was decorated with ivory panels, some of which have been recovered by archaeologists ( 1 Kings 22:39 ). </p> <p> The prophets, particularly Amos, condemned the rich for building palaces at the expense of the poor. Amos' announcements of doom refer to summer and winter residences, ivory furniture and palaces, and great houses of hewn stone ( Amos 3:15; Amos 5:11; Amos 6:4 ,Amos 6:4, 6:11 ). Jeremiah offered a similar critique of Jeroboam's building program in Jerusalem ( Jeremiah 22:13-15 ). </p> <p> Chris Church </p>
| | == References == |
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| == Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_74305" /> ==
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| <p> '''Palace.''' [[Palace]] in the Bible, in the singular and plural, is the rendering of several words of diverse meaning. 1 Chronicles 29:1; Ezra 4:14; Amos 4:3; etc. It often designates the royal residence, and usually suggests a fortress or battlemented house. The word occasionally included the whole city as in Esther 9:12, and again, as in 1 Kings 16:18, it is restricted to a part of the royal apartments. It is applied, as in 1 Chronicles 29:1, to the [[Temple]] in Jerusalem. </p> <p> The site of the palace of Solomon was, almost certainly, in the city itself, on the brow opposite to the Temple, and overlooking it, and the whole city of David. It is impossible, of course, to be at all certain what was either the form, or the exact disposition of such a palace; but, as we have the dimensions of the three principal buildings given in the book of Kings and confirmed by Josephus, we may, by taking these as a scale, ascertain pretty nearly that the building covered somewhere about 150,000 or 160,000 square feet. Whether it was a square of 400 feet each way, or an oblong of about 550 feet by 300, must always be, more or less, a matter of conjecture. </p> <p> The principal building situated within the palace was, as in all eastern palaces, the great hall of state and audience, called "the house of the forest of Lebanon," apparently from the four rows of cedar pillars by which it was supported. It was 100 cubits (175 feet) long, 50 cubits (88 feet) wide, and 30 cubits (52 feet) high. Next in importance was the hall or "porch of judgment," a quadrangular building supported by columns, as we learn from Josephus, which apparently stood on the other side of the great court, opposite the house of the forest of Lebanon. The third edifice is merely called a "porch of pillars." Its dimensions were 50 cubits by 30 cubits. </p> <p> Its use cannot be considered as doubtful, as it was an indispensable adjunct to an eastern palace. It was the ordinary place of business of the palace, and the reception-room, when the king received ordinary visitors, and sat, except on great state occasions, to transact the business of the kingdom. </p> <p> Behind this, we are told, was the inner court, adorned with gardens and fountains, and surrounded by cloisters for shade; and there were other courts, for the residence of the attendants and guards, and for the women of the harem. Apart from this palace, but attached, as [[Josephus]] tells us, to the hall of judgment, was the palace of Pharaoh's daughter: too proud and important a personage to be grouped with the ladies of the harem, and requiring a residence of her own. </p> <p> The recent discoveries at Nineveh have enabled us to understand many of the architectural details of this palace, which, before these discoveries were made, were nearly wholly inexplicable. Solomon constructed an ascent from his own house to the Temple, "the house of [[Jehovah]] ," 1 Kings 10:5, which was a subterranean passage 250 feet long by 42 feet wide, of which the remains may still be traced. </p>
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| == Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types <ref name="term_198139" /> ==
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| <p> Psalm 45:8 (b) This [[Scripture]] was probably fulfilled in the following passages: Matthew 2:11, Luke 7:38, Mark 14:3, John 12:3, and Revelation 5:8. This passage may refer to the Christian's mouth from which there pours forth worship, praise, adoration, and thanksgiving, which are compared to the fragrant, sweet incense of the golden altar in the temple. It may also refer to the boundless wealth of the earth which will one day belong to the Lord [[Jesus]] and will be presented to Him when He comes to rule and reign. </p> <p> Song of Solomon 8:9 (b) Probably the wall represents the church, which is solid, substantial, strong and immovable. Since silver is usually a type of redemption, it must refer to the fact that the story of GOD's redemptive power and the value of the redeeming [[Blood]] are a very part of the church and is upheld by the church. It is a permanent truth. </p> <p> Proverbs 30:28 (b) The spider probably represents the sinner who desires to enter into the palace of Heaven. She watches at the window or the door seeking an opportunity to enter and is not discouraged nor hindered in her quest. So the sinner would be very earnest and persistent in his quest for the Door, which is the Lord JESUS. False doctrines will be offered as a hindrance, religious leaders will give false advice, the devil will bring up many competitors. The truly repentant soul will get past all these evil teachings and get right to the Lord JESUS Himself, for He is the Door, and the only entrance to Heaven. </p> <p> Luke 11:21 (b) The strong man in this passage is the devil. His house refers to the world in all of its various characters. It refers to the religious world, the political world, the social world, the world of sports, the world of travel and beauty, the world of business, of arts and sciences. All of these are very attractive, very interesting, very delightful, and frequently very profitable. The devil uses these to keep his children, the unsaved, from JESUS CHRIST. He does not want them to find the Saviour, nor even to feel their need of the Saviour. But then the [[Saviour]] comes along their way, the [[Holy]] Spirit begins to work in the heart, and the friend sees that he is on the broad road and under the control of Satan. The Lord JESUS breaks the chains, loosens the bonds, removes the bands, and sets the prisoner free by means of the [[Gospel]] of His grace. </p>
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| == Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_78666" /> ==
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| <div> '''1: αὐλή ''' (Strong'S #833 Noun [[Feminine]] aule ow-lay' ) </div> <p> "a court, dwelling, palace:" see Court. </p> <div> '''2: πραιτώριον ''' (Strong'S #4232 Noun Neuter praitorion prahee-to'-ree-on ) </div> <p> signified originally "a general's (praetor's) tent." Then it was applied to "the council of army officers;" then to "the official residence of the governor of a province;" finally, to "the imperial bodyguard." In the AV the word appears only once, Mark 15:16 , "the hall, called Praetorium" (RV, "within the court which is the Praetorium," marg., "palace"); in the Greek of the NT is also occurs in Matthew 27:27 , AV, "the common hall," marg., "the governor's house;" RV, "palace," see marg.; John 18:28 (twice), AV, "the hall of judgment;" and "judgment hall," marg., "Pilate's house," RV, "palace," see marg.; so in Acts 23:35; in Philippians 1:13 , AV, "in all the palace," marg., "Caesar's court," RV, "throughout the whole praetorian guard," marg., "in the whole Praetorium." </p> Acts 23:35 Philippians 1:13 Philippians 4:22 Philippians 1:13
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| == Easton's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_32984" /> ==
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| Nehemiah 1:1 Daniel 8:2 Nehemiah 2:8 1 Chronicles 29:1 Daniel 1:4 4:4,29 Esther 1:5 7:7 Ezekiel 25:4 1 Kings 7:1-12 <p> In the New [[Testament]] it designates the official residence of [[Pilate]] or that of the high priest ( Matthew 26:3,58,69; Mark 14:54,66; John 18:15 ). In Philippians 1:13 this word is the rendering of the Greek praitorion, meaning the praetorian cohorts at Rome (the life-guard of the Caesars). Paul was continually chained to a soldier of that corps ( Acts 28:16 ), and hence his name and sufferings became known in all the praetorium. The "soldiers that kept" him would, on relieving one another on guard, naturally spread the tidings regarding him among their comrades. Some, however, regard the praetroium (q.v.) as the barrack within the palace (the palatium) of the Caesars in Rome where a detachment of these praetorian guards was stationed, or as the camp of the guards placed outside the eastern walls of Rome. </p> <p> "In the chambers which were occupied as guard-rooms," says Dr. Manning, "by the praetorian troops on duty in the palace, a number of rude caricatures are found roughly scratched upon the walls, just such as may be seen upon barrack walls in every part of the world. [[Amongst]] these is one of a human figure nailed upon a cross. To add to the 'offence of the cross,' the crucified one is represented with the head of an animal, probably that of an ass. Before it stands the figure of a Roman legionary with one hand upraised in the attitude of worship. Underneath is the rude, misspelt, ungrammatical inscription, Alexamenos worships his god. It can scarcely be doubted that we have here a contemporary caricature, executed by one of the praetorian guard, ridiculing the faith of a Christian comrade." </p>
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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_53275" /> ==
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| <p> <strong> PALACE. </strong> Primarily ‘palace’ denotes simply a large house; so the [[Egyptian]] royal title <em> [[Pharaoh]] </em> or <em> Palace </em> (cf. <em> Sublime Porte </em> ) means ‘great house’; and the ordinary OT term for ‘palace,’ in its strict sense of ‘royal residence,’ is ‘the king’s house’ or ‘his house,’ 1Ki 7:1; 1 Kings 9:10 . The only royal residence of which we have any details in the Bible is Solomon’s palace, 1 Kings 7:1-12 , which took thirteen years to build. This included the ‘House of the [[Forest]] of Lehanon,’ a great hall, 100 cubits long, 50 broad, 30 high, with four rows of pillars; a ‘porch of pillars,’ 50 cubits by 30; the ‘porch of the throne’ for a court of justice; a dwelling-house for himself, and another for Pharaoh’s daughter. Round about the whole was a great court of hewn stones and cedar beams. </p> <p> In Egypt the palace was not only the royal residence, but also the seat of government. The royal apartments were in an inner, the halls of audience in an outer, court. If we include all the buildings required for courtiers and officials, the ‘palace’ becomes not a house, but a royal city. A characteristic feature was a balcony on which the king would show himself to his people. </p> <p> The [[Assyrian]] and [[Babylonian]] palaces were large and magnificent. In Babylonia, the palaces, like the temples, were built on the top of artificial mounds of crude bricks; and were groups of buildings forming a great fortress. </p>
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| == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_68033" /> ==
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| <p> This term represents several [[Hebrew]] words, and may signify castle, fortress, the king's residence, or any large building. Thus the expression occurs, "the palace of the king's house." 2 Kings 15:25 . Solomon built several for himself and for his wives. 2 Chronicles 36:19 . The temple built by Solomon is also called 'the palace.' 1 Chronicles 29:1,19 . In the N.T. the palace of the high priest, αὐλή, signifies his court. Matthew 26:3,58,69 . In Philippians 1:13 the word is πραιτώριον, 'the court of the praetor,' or governor, or perhaps 'the praetorian guard,' from which Paul's keepers were taken. Called [[Praetorium]] in Mark 15:16 . </p>
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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament <ref name="term_56834" /> ==
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| <p> <b> PALACE. </b> —In the [[Gospels]] the word is used in the text of Matthew 27:27 and John 18:28; John 18:33; John 19:9, and in the margin of Mark 15:16. In all cases it is the representative of πραιτώριον (see Praetorium), which was a term wide enough to include what would now be called a guard-room or the barrack-square adjoining ( Matthew 27:27, Mark 15:16), as well as the actual place (referred to in the Johannine passages) in which a case was tried and the sentence pronounced. </p> <p> R. W. Moss. </p>
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| == Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_153056" /> ==
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| <p> '''(1):''' ''' (''' n.) Loosely, any unusually magnificent or stately house. </p> <p> '''(2):''' ''' (''' n.) The official residence of a bishop or other distinguished personage. </p> <p> '''(3):''' ''' (''' n.) The residence of a sovereign, including the lodgings of high officers of state, and rooms for business, as well as halls for ceremony and reception. </p>
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| == King James Dictionary <ref name="term_61939" /> ==
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| <p> PAL'ACE, n. L. palatium. </p> 1. A magnificent house in which an emperor, a king or other distinguished person resides as an imperial palace a royal palace a pontifical palace a ducal palace. 2. A splendid place of residence as the sun's bright palace.
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| == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_6998" /> ==
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| <p> ''''' pal´ā́s ''''' : In Hebrew chiefly ארמון , <i> ''''' 'armōn ''''' </i> , in the Revised Version (British and American) text translated "castle" in 1 Kings 16:18; 2 Kings 15:25; בּירה , <i> '''''bı̄rāh''''' </i> , הכל , <i> '''''hēkhāl''''' </i> , the same word often rendered "temple"; in Greek αὐλή , <i> '''''aulḗ''''' </i> , in the Revised Version (British and American) translated "court" ( Matthew 26:3 , Matthew 26:18 , Matthew 26:69; Mark 14:54 , Mark 14:66; Luke 11:21; John 18:15 ). On the other hand, "palace" takes the place in the Revised Version (British and American) of the King James Version "common hall" or "judgment hall" ( <i> '''''praitṓrion''''' </i> , Matthew 27:27; John 18:28 , John 18:33; John 19:9; Acts 23:35 ). See [[Judgment]] , Hall Of . A description of Solomon's palace is given in 1 Kings 7:1-12 (see Temple ). [[Archaeology]] has brought to light the remains of great palaces in Egypt, Babylonia, Assyria (Sargon, Sennacherib, Assurbanipal, etc.), Susa, etc. See [[House]] . </p>
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| == Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_16383" /> ==
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| <p> Palace, in Scripture, denotes what is contained within the outer enclosure of the royal residence, including all the buildings, courts, and gardens (; comp.;;;;;;;;;; ). In the New Testament the term palace is applied to the residence of a man of rank . The specific allusions are to the palace built by Herod, which was afterwards occupied by the Roman governors, and was the prætorium, or hall, which formed the abode of Pilate when Christ was brought before him : the other passages above cited, except , refer to the residence of the high-priest. </p> <p> The particulars which have been given under the head House, require only to be aggrandized to convey a suitable idea of a palace; for the general arrangements and distribution of parts are the same in the palace as in the house, save that the courts are more numerous, and with more distinct appropriations, the buildings more extensive, and the materials more costly. The palace of the kings of Judah in Jerusalem was that built by Solomon, called 'the house of the forest of Lebanon,' of which some particulars are given in; and if read along with the description which Josephus gives of the same pile (Antiq. viii. 5), a faint idea may be formed of it, as a magnificent collection of buildings in adjoining courts, connected with and surrounded by galleries and colonnades. </p>
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| == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_54279" /> ==
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| <p> '''Bibliography Information''' McClintock, John. Strong, James. Entry for 'Palace'. Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and [[Ecclesiastical]] Literature. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tce/p/palace.html. [[Harper]] & Brothers. New York. 1870. </p>
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| ==References == | |
| <references> | | <references> |
| | | <ref name="term_54277"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/palace+(2) Palace from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref> |
| <ref name="term_36959"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/fausset-s-bible-dictionary/palace Palace from Fausset's Bible Dictionary]</ref> | |
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| <ref name="term_42937"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/holman-bible-dictionary/palace Palace from Holman Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_74305"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/smith-s-bible-dictionary/palace Palace from Smith's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_198139"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/wilson-s-dictionary-of-bible-types/palace Palace from Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_78666"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/vine-s-expository-dictionary-of-nt-words/palace Palace from Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_32984"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/easton-s-bible-dictionary/palace Palace from Easton's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_53275"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/palace Palace from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_68033"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/palace Palace from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_56834"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-new-testament/palace Palace from Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_153056"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/webster-s-dictionary/palace Palace from Webster's Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_61939"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/king-james-dictionary/palace Palace from King James Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_6998"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/palace Palace from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_16383"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/kitto-s-popular-cyclopedia-of-biblial-literature/palace Palace from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_54279"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/palace Palace from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
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| </references> | | </references> |
