Difference between revisions of "Breeches"

<p> ''''' brich´iz ''''' , ''''' brēch´iz ''''' : A garment, extending from the waist to or just below the knee or to the ankle, and covering each leg separately. Breeches are not listed among the garments of an ordinary wardrobe, but the priests in later times (&nbsp;Exodus 20:26 ) wore a garment resembling modern trousers. These priestly linen breeches, מכנסי בד , <i> ''''' mikhneṣē bhadh ''''' </i> , were worn along with the linen coat, the linen girdle and the linen turban by Aaron on the Day of Atonement, when he entered the "holy place." (The word מכנסי , <i> ''''' mikhneṣē ''''' </i> is derived from a root, כנס , <i> ''''' kānaṣ ''''' </i> = גנז , <i> ''''' gānaz ''''' </i> , "to cover up," "hide.") [[Ordinary]] priests also wore them on sacrificial occasions (&nbsp;Exodus 28:42; &nbsp;Exodus 39:28; &nbsp;Leviticus 6:10; &nbsp;Ezekiel 44:18 ). Apart from the breeches just referred to, the only reference to a similar garment among the [[Israelites]] is found in &nbsp;Daniel 3:21 , where the סרבּל , <i> ''''' ṣarbāl ''''' </i> , the Revised Version (British and American) "hosen," is mentioned. (The King James Version translates "coats.") The rendering of the King James Version is the more likely, though the meaning of the [[Aramaic]] <i> ''''' sarbāl ''''' </i> is obscure (compare the thorough discussion in Ges., <i> Thesaurus </i> ). In [[Targum]] and [[Talmud]] (compare Levy, <i> NHWB </i> , under the word), and is so taken by the rabbinical commentators. Still, [[Aquila]] and [[Theodotion]] (σαράβαρα , <i> ''''' sarábara ''''' </i> ), [[Septuagint]] in &nbsp;Daniel 3:27 , [[Symmachus]] ( <i> ''''' anaxurides ''''' </i> ), Peshitta, express the meaning "trousers" (of a looser kind than those worn by us), a garment known (from [[Herodotus]] and other sources) to have been worn by the ancient [[Scythians]] and Persians, and to have been called by them sarabara. The word, with the same connotation, was brought into the Arabic in the form <i> ''''' sirwal ''''' </i> . In both these senses the word may be originally Persian: in that of mantle, meaning properly (according to Andreas) a "head-covering" ( <i> ''''' sarabara ''''' </i> ), for which in [[Persia]] the peasants often use their mantle; in that of "trousers," corresponding to the modern [[Persian]] <i> ''''' shalwar ''''' </i> , "under-breeches." Cook has pointed out that "mantles, long-flowing robes, and therefore extremely liable to catch the flames," are more likely to be especially mentioned in this chapter than trousers, or (Revised Version) "hosen." </p> <p> The word פטישׁ , <i> ''''' paṭı̄sh ''''' </i> (&nbsp;Daniel 3:21 ), is also uncertain. The Septuagint and Theodotion render <i> ''''' tiārai ''''' </i> , "turbans"; Peshitta has the same word, which is variously taken by [[Syrian]] lexicographers as "tunic," "trousers," or a kind of "gaiter" (Payne Smith, <i> Thes. [[Syriac]] </i> ., col. 3098). (For further discussion of these words, compare commentaries on Dan of <i> Jour. Phil </i> ., Xxvi , 307ff.) </p> <p> In general, we must remember that a thorough discussion of [[Israelite]] "dress" is impossible, because of the limitations of our sources. </p>

<p> is the uniform rendering in the Auth. Vers. solely of the Heb. '''''מַכְנְסִיַם''''' , ''Miknesa'Yim, Two Drawers'' (from '''''כָּנִס''''' , to ''Wrap Up),'' Sept. '''''Περισκελῆ''''' (so &nbsp;Sirach 45:8) or '''''Περισκελές''''' , Vulg. ''Feminalia,'' made of linen, and worn by the [[Jewish]] priests to hide the parts of shame while ministering at the altar (&nbsp;Exodus 28:42; &nbsp;Exodus 39:28; &nbsp;Leviticus 6:10; &nbsp;Leviticus 16:4; &nbsp;Ezekiel 44:18). The description of Josephus ''( '''''Ὡσπερεί''''' '''''Ἀναξυρίδες''''' , Ant. 3:'' 7, 1) agrees with this, making this article (which he Graecizes '''''Μαναχασή''''' '')'' of sacerdotal dress to be an under-garment for the loins and thighs only. See Braun, De Vestitu Sacerd. Eebr. lib. ii, ch. i, p. 345 sq. (See [[Priest]]); (See [[Attire]]). </p>