Difference between revisions of "Hazar"

<p> ''''' hā´zar ''''' ( חצר , <i> ''''' ḥăcar ''''' </i> , construct of חצר , <i> ''''' ḥācēr ''''' </i> , "an enclosure," "settlement," or "village"): Is frequently the first element in [[Hebrew]] place-names. </p> 1. [[Hazar-Addar]] <p> Hazar-addar (Hebrew <i> ''''' ḥăcar 'addār ''''' </i> ), a place on the southern boundary of Judah (&nbsp; Numbers 34:4 ), is probably identical with Hazron (&nbsp;Joshua 15:3 ), which, in this case, however, is separated from [[Addar]] (the King James Version "Adar"). It seems to have lain somewhere to the Southwest of Kadesh-barnea. </p> 2. [[Hazar-Enan]] <p> Hazar-enan (Hebrew <i> ''''' ḥăcar ‛ēnān ''''' </i> , "village of springs": <i> ''''' ‛ēnān ''''' </i> is Aramaic; Once (&nbsp; Ezekiel 47:17 ) it is called Enon), a place, unidentified, at the junction of the northern and eastern frontiers of the land promised to [[Israel]] (&nbsp;Numbers 34:9 f; compare &nbsp; Ezekiel 47:17; &nbsp;Ezekiel 48:1 ). To identify it with the sources of the [[Orontes]] seems to leave too great a gap between this and the places named to the South. [[Buhl]] ( <i> GAP </i> , 66 f) would draw the northern boundary from <i> '''''Nahr el''''' </i> - <i> '''''Ḳāsimı̄yeh''''' </i> to the foot of Hermon, and would locate Hazar-enan at <i> '''''Bāniās''''' </i> . The springs there lend fitness to the name; a condition absent from <i> '''''el''''' </i> - <i> '''''Ḥāḍr''''' </i> , farther east, suggested by von Kesteren. But there is no certainty. </p> 3. [[Hazar-Gaddah]] <p> Hazar-gaddah (Hebrew <i> ''''' hăcar ''''' </i> - <i> ''''' gaddāh ''''' </i> ), a place in the territory of Judah "toward the border of [[Edom]] in the South" (&nbsp; Joshua 15:21 , &nbsp;Joshua 15:27 ). Eusebius, <i> Onomasticon </i> (s.v. "Gadda") places it in the uttermost parts of the Daroma, overlooking the [[Dead]] Sea. This might point to the site of Masada, or to the remarkable ruins of <i> '''''Umm Bajjaḳ''''' </i> farther south ( <i> GAP </i> , 185). </p> 4. [[Hazar-Hatticon]] <p> Hazar-hatticon (the Revised Version (British and American) [[Hazer-Hatticon]]; Hebrew <i> ''''' ḥăcēr ha ''''' </i> - <i> ''''' tı̄khōn ''''' </i> , "the middle village"), a place named on the ideal border of Israel (&nbsp; Ezekiel 47:16 ). The context shows that it is identical with Hazar-enan, for which this is apparently another name. Possibly, however, it is due to a scribal error. </p> 5. [[Hazarmaveth]] <p> Hazarmaveth (Hebrew <i> ''''' ḥăcarmāweth ''''' </i> ), the name of a son of [[Joktan]] attached to a clan or district in South [[Arabia]] (&nbsp; [[Genesis]] 10:26; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 1:20 ). It is represented by the modern <i> '''''Ḥaḍramaut''''' </i> , a broad and fruitful valley running nearly parallel with the coast for about 100 miles, north of <i> '''''el''''' </i> - <i> '''''Yemen''''' </i> . The ruins and inscriptions found by Glaser show that it was once the home of a great civilization, the capital being Sabata (&nbsp;Genesis 10:7 ) (Glaser, <i> Skizze </i> , II, 20, 423ff). </p> 6. [[Hazar-Shual]] <p> Hazar-Shual (Hebrew <i> ''''' ḥăcar shū‛āl ''''' </i> ), a place in the South of Judah (&nbsp; Joshua 15:28 ) assigned to [[Simeon]] (&nbsp;Joshua 19:3; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 4:28 ). It was reoccupied after the exile (&nbsp;Nehemiah 11:27 ). <i> '''''Sa‛weh''''' </i> on a hill East of [[Beersheba]] has been suggested; but there is no certainty. </p> 7. [[Hazar-Susah]] <p> Hazar-susah (Hebrew <i> ''''' ḥăcar ṣūṣāh ''''' </i> , &nbsp; Joshua 19:5 ), Hazar-susim (Hebrew <i> '''''ḥăcar ṣūṣı̄m''''' </i> , &nbsp;1 Chronicles 4:31 ). As it stands, the name means "station of a mare" or "of horses," and it occurs along with Beth-marcaboth, "place of chariots," which might suggest depots for trade in chariots and horses. The sites have not been identified. </p>

<p> (also HAZOR) is frequently prefixed to geographical names, in order to indicate their dependence as villages (חָצֵר '', Chatser','' a ''Hamlet;'' (See [[Village]])) upon some town or other noted spot, or in order to distinguish them from it; e.g. those following. "The word ''Bazar,'' when joined to places situated in the desert or on the outskirts of the inhabited country, as it frequently is, probably denoted a piece of ground surrounded by a rude but strong fence, where tents could be pitched, and cattle kept in safety from marauders. ‘ Such places are very common at the present day in the outlying districts of Palestine. In other cases Hazar may denote a castle or ‘ fortified town' (See Hazer). </p>