Difference between revisions of "Bushel"
From BiblePortal Wikipedia
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
== | == Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament <ref name="term_55171" /> == | ||
<p> [[ | <p> <b> BUSHEL </b> <b> ( </b> ὁ μόδιος, Matthew 5:15, Mark 4:21, Luke 11:33—a Lat. word with a Gr. form).—The [[Roman]] <i> modius </i> , equal to 16 <i> sextarii </i> , or approximately one English peck, was not a measure in common use in [[Jewish]] households. Although the definite article is probably generic (‘ <i> the </i> bushel,’ so Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885), the measure which would lend itself naturally to our Lord’s illustration, and that to which He actually referred, was the [[Hebrew]] <i> seah </i> measure used by the housewife in preparing the daily bread. While the <i> seah </i> measure varied in size according to locality, it is generally regarded as being equal to one <i> modius </i> and a quarter, though [[Josephus]] ( <i> Ant. </i> ix. iv. 5) states: ‘A <i> seah </i> is equal to an [[Italian]] <i> modius </i> and a half.’ </p> <p> To the influence of Roman customs was no doubt due the substitution of <i> modius </i> for <i> seah </i> in the report of the saying (Matthew 5:15 etc.); and in like manner, since no importance was attached by our Lord to exactness of measure, the familiar ‘bushel’ of earlier English versions has been retained by the Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885, although ‘peck’ would be a more accurate rendering. </p> <p> The saying of our Lord is as picturesque as it is forcible. It gives us a glimpse into a [[Galilaean]] home, where the commonest articles of furniture would be the lamp, the lampstand, the <i> seah </i> measure, and the couch. And who could fail to apprehend the force of the metaphor? ‘When the word has been proclaimed, its purpose is defeated if it be concealed by the hearers; when the lamp comes in, who would put it under the <i> modius </i> or the couch of the <i> triclinium </i> ?’ (Swete on Mark 4:21). </p> <p> Literature.—Art. ‘Weights and Measures’ in Hasting's Dictionary of the [[Bible]] iv. 911a, 913b, and the <i> Encyc. Bibl. </i> iv. col. 5294 f. </p> <p> Alex. A. Duncan. </p> | ||
== | == Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_76968" /> == | ||
<div> 1: Μόδιος (Strong'S #3426 Noun Masculine modios mod'-ee-os ) </div> <p> was a dry measure containing about a peck, Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33 . </p> | |||
== | == King James Dictionary <ref name="term_58704" /> == | ||
<p> < | <p> BUSH'EL, n. A dry measure, containing eight gallons, or four pecks. The standard English bushel,by Stat.12 . Henry VII., contains eight gallons of wheat, each gallon eight pounds of wheat, troy weight, the pound, twelve ounces troy, the ounce, twenty sterlings, and the sterling,thirty two grains of wheat growing in the middle of the ear. The contents are 2145.6 solid inches, equivalent to 1131 ounces and 14 pennyweights troy. </p> <p> The English bushel is used also in the U. States. </p> <p> [[Bushel]] signifies both the quantity or capacity, and the vessel which will contain the quantity. </p> 1. In popular language, a large quantity indefinitely. 2. The circle of iron in the nave of a wheel in America, called a box. See Bush. | ||
== | == Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_96393" /> == | ||
<p | <p> (1): (n.) A large indefinite quantity. </p> <p> (2): (n.) A quantity that fills a bushel measure; as, a heap containing ten bushels of apples. </p> <p> (3): (n.) The iron lining in the nave of a wheel. [Eng.] In the United States it is called a box. See 4th Bush. </p> <p> (4): (v. t. & i.) To mend or repair, as men's garments; to repair garments. </p> <p> (5): (n.) A dry measure, containing four pecks, eight gallons, or thirty-two quarts. </p> <p> (6): (n.) A vessel of the capacity of a bushel, used in measuring; a bushel measure. </p> | ||
== | == Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types <ref name="term_197565" /> == | ||
<p> | <p> Matthew 5:15 (b) A type of business affairs under which some [[Christians]] bury their testimony. (See also Luke 11:33). </p> | ||
== | == Smith's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_71662" /> == | ||
<p> See | <p> Bushel. See [[Weights And Measures]]. </p> | ||
== People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_69748" /> == | == People's Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_69748" /> == | ||
<p> Bushel. Matthew 5:15. See Measures. </p> | <p> Bushel. Matthew 5:15. See Measures. </p> | ||
== | == American Tract Society Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_15565" /> == | ||
<p> | <p> Used in the New [[Testament]] to express the Greek modius, which was about a peck by our measure. </p> | ||
== Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_39176" /> == | |||
[[Weights And Measures]] | |||
== | == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_50049" /> == | ||
< | <p> <strong> BUSHEL </strong> . See [[Weights]] and Measures. </p> | ||
== | == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_65357" /> == | ||
<p> | <p> See WEIGHTS ANDMEASURFS. </p> | ||
== | == Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_28858" /> == | ||
<p> Matthew 5:15 ( | <p> is used in the Auth. Vers. to express the Greek μόδιος, Latin modius, a Roman measure for dry articles, equal to one sixth of the Attic medimnus (see Smith's Dict. of Class. Antiq. s.v. Modius), and containing 1 gall. 7,8576 pints, or nearly one peck English measure (Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33). (See [[Measure]]). </p> | ||
== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_2015" /> == | == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_2015" /> == | ||
<p> '''''boosh´el''''' ( μόδιος , <i> '''''módios''''' </i> ): A dry measure containing about a peck, but as it is used in the New | <p> '''''boosh´el''''' ( μόδιος , <i> '''''módios''''' </i> ): A dry measure containing about a peck, but as it is used in the New Testament (Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33 ) it does not refer to capacity but is used only to indicate a covering to conceal the light. </p> | ||
== Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_15164" /> == | == Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_15164" /> == | ||
<p> | <p> Bushel is used in the Authorized Version to express a measure of about a peck. </p> | ||
==References == | ==References == | ||
<references> | <references> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_55171"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-new-testament/bushel Bushel from Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament]</ref> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_76968"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/vine-s-expository-dictionary-of-nt-words/bushel Bushel from Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words]</ref> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_58704"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/king-james-dictionary/bushel Bushel from King James Dictionary]</ref> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_96393"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/webster-s-dictionary/bushel Bushel from Webster's Dictionary]</ref> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_197565"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/wilson-s-dictionary-of-bible-types/bushel Bushel from Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types]</ref> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_71662"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/smith-s-bible-dictionary/bushel Bushel from Smith's Bible Dictionary]</ref> | ||
<ref name="term_69748"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/people-s-dictionary-of-the-bible/bushel Bushel from People's Dictionary of the Bible]</ref> | <ref name="term_69748"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/people-s-dictionary-of-the-bible/bushel Bushel from People's Dictionary of the Bible]</ref> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_15565"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/american-tract-society-bible-dictionary/bushel Bushel from American Tract Society Bible Dictionary]</ref> | ||
<ref name="term_39176"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/holman-bible-dictionary/bushel Bushel from Holman Bible Dictionary]</ref> | |||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_50049"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/bushel Bushel from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_65357"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/bushel Bushel from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref> | ||
<ref name=" | <ref name="term_28858"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/bushel Bushel from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref> | ||
<ref name="term_2015"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/bushel Bushel from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref> | <ref name="term_2015"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/bushel Bushel from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref> | ||
<ref name="term_15164"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/kitto-s-popular-cyclopedia-of-biblial-literature/bushel Bushel from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature]</ref> | <ref name="term_15164"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/kitto-s-popular-cyclopedia-of-biblial-literature/bushel Bushel from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature]</ref> | ||
</references> | </references> | ||
Revision as of 14:43, 12 October 2021
Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament [1]
BUSHEL ( ὁ μόδιος, Matthew 5:15, Mark 4:21, Luke 11:33—a Lat. word with a Gr. form).—The Roman modius , equal to 16 sextarii , or approximately one English peck, was not a measure in common use in Jewish households. Although the definite article is probably generic (‘ the bushel,’ so Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885), the measure which would lend itself naturally to our Lord’s illustration, and that to which He actually referred, was the Hebrew seah measure used by the housewife in preparing the daily bread. While the seah measure varied in size according to locality, it is generally regarded as being equal to one modius and a quarter, though Josephus ( Ant. ix. iv. 5) states: ‘A seah is equal to an Italian modius and a half.’
To the influence of Roman customs was no doubt due the substitution of modius for seah in the report of the saying (Matthew 5:15 etc.); and in like manner, since no importance was attached by our Lord to exactness of measure, the familiar ‘bushel’ of earlier English versions has been retained by the Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885, although ‘peck’ would be a more accurate rendering.
The saying of our Lord is as picturesque as it is forcible. It gives us a glimpse into a Galilaean home, where the commonest articles of furniture would be the lamp, the lampstand, the seah measure, and the couch. And who could fail to apprehend the force of the metaphor? ‘When the word has been proclaimed, its purpose is defeated if it be concealed by the hearers; when the lamp comes in, who would put it under the modius or the couch of the triclinium ?’ (Swete on Mark 4:21).
Literature.—Art. ‘Weights and Measures’ in Hasting's Dictionary of the Bible iv. 911a, 913b, and the Encyc. Bibl. iv. col. 5294 f.
Alex. A. Duncan.
Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words [2]
1: Μόδιος (Strong'S #3426 Noun Masculine modios mod'-ee-os )
was a dry measure containing about a peck, Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33 .
King James Dictionary [3]
BUSH'EL, n. A dry measure, containing eight gallons, or four pecks. The standard English bushel,by Stat.12 . Henry VII., contains eight gallons of wheat, each gallon eight pounds of wheat, troy weight, the pound, twelve ounces troy, the ounce, twenty sterlings, and the sterling,thirty two grains of wheat growing in the middle of the ear. The contents are 2145.6 solid inches, equivalent to 1131 ounces and 14 pennyweights troy.
The English bushel is used also in the U. States.
Bushel signifies both the quantity or capacity, and the vessel which will contain the quantity.
1. In popular language, a large quantity indefinitely. 2. The circle of iron in the nave of a wheel in America, called a box. See Bush.
Webster's Dictionary [4]
(1): (n.) A large indefinite quantity.
(2): (n.) A quantity that fills a bushel measure; as, a heap containing ten bushels of apples.
(3): (n.) The iron lining in the nave of a wheel. [Eng.] In the United States it is called a box. See 4th Bush.
(4): (v. t. & i.) To mend or repair, as men's garments; to repair garments.
(5): (n.) A dry measure, containing four pecks, eight gallons, or thirty-two quarts.
(6): (n.) A vessel of the capacity of a bushel, used in measuring; a bushel measure.
Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types [5]
Matthew 5:15 (b) A type of business affairs under which some Christians bury their testimony. (See also Luke 11:33).
Smith's Bible Dictionary [6]
Bushel. See Weights And Measures.
People's Dictionary of the Bible [7]
Bushel. Matthew 5:15. See Measures.
American Tract Society Bible Dictionary [8]
Used in the New Testament to express the Greek modius, which was about a peck by our measure.
Holman Bible Dictionary [9]
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible [10]
BUSHEL . See Weights and Measures.
Morrish Bible Dictionary [11]
See WEIGHTS ANDMEASURFS.
Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature [12]
is used in the Auth. Vers. to express the Greek μόδιος, Latin modius, a Roman measure for dry articles, equal to one sixth of the Attic medimnus (see Smith's Dict. of Class. Antiq. s.v. Modius), and containing 1 gall. 7,8576 pints, or nearly one peck English measure (Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33). (See Measure).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [13]
boosh´el ( μόδιος , módios ): A dry measure containing about a peck, but as it is used in the New Testament (Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33 ) it does not refer to capacity but is used only to indicate a covering to conceal the light.
Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature [14]
Bushel is used in the Authorized Version to express a measure of about a peck.
References
- ↑ Bushel from Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament
- ↑ Bushel from Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words
- ↑ Bushel from King James Dictionary
- ↑ Bushel from Webster's Dictionary
- ↑ Bushel from Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
- ↑ Bushel from Smith's Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Bushel from People's Dictionary of the Bible
- ↑ Bushel from American Tract Society Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Bushel from Holman Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Bushel from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
- ↑ Bushel from Morrish Bible Dictionary
- ↑ Bushel from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
- ↑ Bushel from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
- ↑ Bushel from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature
