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== Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_37147" /> == | == Fausset's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_37147" /> == | ||
<p> | <p> '''''Malkah''''' "queen regnant" ( 1 Kings 10:1; Daniel 5:10; Esther 1:9); '''''Sheegal''''' "the queen consort" ( Psalms 45:9; Daniel 5:2-3); '''''Gebirah''''' "powerful mistress," "the queen mother." Polygamy, lessened the influence of the kings wives, whose hold on his affections was shared by others and was at best precarious; but the queen mother enjoyed a fixed position of dignity. So [[Bathsheba]] ( 1 Kings 2:19, etc.); [[Maachah]] ( 1 Kings 15:13); 2 Kings 10:13, Jezebel; Jehoiachin's mother ( 2 Kings 24:12; Jeremiah 13:18; Jeremiah 29:2). </p> | ||
== Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_78882" /> == | == Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_78882" /> == | ||
<div> '''1: | <div> '''1: '''''Βασίλισσα''''' ''' (Strong'S #938 — Noun [[Feminine]] — basilissa — bas-il'-is-sah ) </div> <p> the feminine of basileus, "a king," is used (a) of the "Queen of Sheba," Matthew 12:42; Luke 11:31; of "Candace," Acts 8:27; (b) metaphorically, of "Babylon," Revelation 18:7 . </p> | ||
== Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament <ref name="term_57073" /> == | == Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament <ref name="term_57073" /> == | ||
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== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_7468" /> == | == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_7468" /> == | ||
<p> ''''' kwēn ''''' : The Bible applies this term: (1) To the wife of a king ("queen consort") ( מלכּה , <i> ''''' malkāh ''''' </i> ). In the Book of Esther it is the title given to [[Vashti]] ( Esther 1:9 ) and Esther ( Esther 2:22 ); compare Song of Solomon 6:8 f. Another Hebrew word for queen consort is גּבירה , <i> '''''gebhı̄rāh''''' </i> , literally "mistress" (compare 1 Kings 11:19 , the wife of Pharaoh; 2 Kings 10:13 , "the children of the king and the children of the queen"). In Nehemiah 2:6 and Psalm 45:9 we find the expression שׁגּל , <i> '''''shēghāl''''' </i> , which some trace back to שׁגל , <i> '''''shāghal''''' </i> , "to ravish," a rather doubtful derivation. Still another term is שׂרה , <i> '''''sārāh''''' </i> , literally, "princess" ( Isaiah 49:23 ). The [[Septuagint]] sometimes uses the word βασίκισσα , <i> '''''bası́lissa''''' </i> ; compare Psalm 45:9 . (2) To a female ruler or sovereign ("queen regnant"). The only instances are those of the queen ( <i> '''''malkāh''''' </i> ) of Sheba ( 1 Kings 10:1-13; compare 2 Chronicles 9:1-12 ) and of Candace, the queen ( <i> '''''basilissa''''' </i> ) of the Ethiopians ( Acts 8:27 ). In Matthew 12:42 (compare Luke 11:31 ) Christ refers to the queen of the south (βασίλισσα νότου , <i> '''''bası́lissa''''' </i> <i> '''''nótou''''' </i> ), meaning, of course, the queen of Sheba. (3) To a heathen deity, השּׁמים מלכת , <i> '''''melekheth''''' </i> <i> '''''ha''''' </i> - <i> '''''shāmayim''''' </i> , "the queen of heaven" ( Jeremiah 7:18; Jeremiah 44:17 ff). See [[Queen Of Heaven]] . </p> <p> (4) Metaphorically , to the city of Babylon (Rome) ( Revelation 18:7 ): an expression denoting sovereign contempt and imaginary dignity and power. </p> | <p> ''''' kwēn ''''' : The Bible applies this term: (1) To the wife of a king ("queen consort") ( מלכּה , <i> ''''' malkāh ''''' </i> ). In the Book of Esther it is the title given to [[Vashti]] ( Esther 1:9 ) and Esther ( Esther 2:22 ); compare Song of Solomon 6:8 f. Another Hebrew word for queen consort is גּבירה , <i> ''''' gebhı̄rāh ''''' </i> , literally "mistress" (compare 1 Kings 11:19 , the wife of Pharaoh; 2 Kings 10:13 , "the children of the king and the children of the queen"). In Nehemiah 2:6 and Psalm 45:9 we find the expression שׁגּל , <i> ''''' shēghāl ''''' </i> , which some trace back to שׁגל , <i> ''''' shāghal ''''' </i> , "to ravish," a rather doubtful derivation. Still another term is שׂרה , <i> ''''' sārāh ''''' </i> , literally, "princess" ( Isaiah 49:23 ). The [[Septuagint]] sometimes uses the word βασίκισσα , <i> ''''' bası́lissa ''''' </i> ; compare Psalm 45:9 . (2) To a female ruler or sovereign ("queen regnant"). The only instances are those of the queen ( <i> ''''' malkāh ''''' </i> ) of Sheba ( 1 Kings 10:1-13; compare 2 Chronicles 9:1-12 ) and of Candace, the queen ( <i> ''''' basilissa ''''' </i> ) of the Ethiopians ( Acts 8:27 ). In Matthew 12:42 (compare Luke 11:31 ) Christ refers to the queen of the south (βασίλισσα νότου , <i> ''''' bası́lissa ''''' </i> <i> ''''' nótou ''''' </i> ), meaning, of course, the queen of Sheba. (3) To a heathen deity, השּׁמים מלכת , <i> ''''' melekheth ''''' </i> <i> ''''' ha ''''' </i> - <i> ''''' shāmayim ''''' </i> , "the queen of heaven" ( Jeremiah 7:18; Jeremiah 44:17 ff). See [[Queen Of Heaven]] . </p> <p> (4) Metaphorically , to the city of Babylon (Rome) ( Revelation 18:7 ): an expression denoting sovereign contempt and imaginary dignity and power. </p> | ||
== Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_16505" /> == | == Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature <ref name="term_16505" /> == |