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Marcellus <ref name=" | Marcellus <ref name="term_49827" /> | ||
<p> | <p> bishop OF ANCYRA, in Galatia, noted for the part he took in the [[Synod]] of Ancyra (314 or 315), held at the end of the persecution of Maximin, (See [[Ancyra]]), made himself conspicuous at the [[Council]] of Nicaea (325) by his homoousian views, and was upheld by [[Athanasius]] and the whole Western Church. We next find him at the Council of [[Tyre]] (335), where he opposed the condemnation of Athanasius, and of Maximus III, patriarch of Jerusalem. In the Council of Jerusalem, of the same year, he declared against the admission of [[Arius]] to communion. At the Council of Constantinople, in 336, the [[Arians]] having the majority, [[Marcellus]] was deposed with the assent of the emperor. who had been prejudiced against him. After the death of Constantine, May 22, 337, he was restored to his bishopric; but once more expelled, he sought refuge in the West, where he was absolved by the councils of Rome and of [[Sardica]] (347). He returned to Ancyra, but Basil, who had been appointed bishop in his place, refused to surrender his seat. Marcellus, who was already well advanced in years, retired to a monastery, where he subsequently died. St. [[Jerome]] states that he wrote several works, principally against the Arians; but we now possess under his name only a letter addressed to [[Julius]] I, containing an exposition of his doctrine, given by St. Epiphanius; two confessions of faith, given by his disciples; and some passages, quoted by Eusebius. of his work against [[Asterius.]] There has been great diversity of opinion concerning his orthodoxy. His confessions are perfectly correct; but in the passages of the work against Asterius, his doctrine, otherwise very difficult to make out, seems to border on Sabellianism. Photinus of Sirmium, who was condemned as a heretic, was his disciple, and had been his deacon, and a sect who refused to admit the three hypostases took the name of [[Marcellians]] (q.v.). Yet all ecclesiastical writers agree in calling him a saint; and it is possible that his enemies, the Arians and others, unjustly made Marcellus the father of'heretic views. See Athanasius, Apoll. 2; Basilins, Epist. 52; Theodoret, Hist. Eccl. vol. 2; Socrates, Hist. Eccles. vol. 1; Sozomen, Hist. Eccl. vol. 2 and 3; Hermani, Vie de Si. Athanase; Du Pin, Bibl. Ecclesiastique, 2:79; Rettberg, Marcelliana (Gotting. 1794); Klose, Gesch. u. Lehre des Marcellus und Photin (Iamb. 1837); Zahn, Marcellus von Ancyra (Gotha, 1867, 8vo); Willenborg, Ueber die Orthodoxie des Mearcellus (Aullnich, 1859); Schaff, Ch. Hist. 3:651 sq.; Hagenbach, History of Doctrines, 1:255, 263, 368; Lardner, Works (see Index); Herzog, Real-Encyklop die, 9:22 sq. </p> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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<ref name=" | <ref name="term_49827"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/marcellus+(2) Marcellus from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref> | ||
</references> | </references> |