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== Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_78271" /> == | == Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_78271" /> == | ||
<div> '''A | <div> '''A — 1: '''''Νόμος''''' ''' (Strong'S #3551 — Noun Masculine — nomos — nom'-os ) </div> <p> akin to nemo, "to divide out, distribute," primarily meant "that which is assigned;" hence, "usage, custom," and then, "law, law as prescribed by custom, or by statute;" the word ethos, "custom," was retained for unwritten "law," while nomos became the established name for "law" as decreed by a state and set up as the standard for the administration of justice. </p> Romans 2:12,13 Romans 2:14 Romans 3:27 Romans 4:15 Romans 5:13 Romans 7:1 Galatians 5:23 Galatians 5:18 Romans 7:21,23 Matthew 5:18 John 1:17 Romans 2:15,18,20,26,27 3:19 4:15 7:4,7,14,16,22 8:3,4,7 Galatians 3:10,12,19,21,24 5:3 Ephesians 2:15 Philippians 3:6 1—Timothy 1:8 Hebrews 7:19 James 2:9 Romans 2:14 1—Corinthians 9:20 Galatians 2:16,19,21 3:2,5,10 Philippians 3:5,9 Hebrews 7:16 9:19 James 2:11 4:11 Galatians 2:16 Matthew 5:17 12:5 Luke 16:16 24:44 John 1:45 Romans 3:21 Galatians 3:10 John 10:34 15:25 John 12:34 Romans 3:19 1—Corinthians 14:21 Galatians 6:2 John 13:14,15 15:4 Matthew 20:28 John 13:1 Matthew 5:18 Matthew 5:21-48 Romans 3:27 Romans 7:23 Romans 7:23 Romans 8:2 James 1:25 2:12 1—Corinthians 9:21 Psalm 119:32,45,97 2—Corinthians 3:17 James 2:8 Matthew 22:34-40 Romans 13:8 Galatians 5:14 Romans 8:2 John 6:63 Romans 9:31 Galatians 3:21 Hebrews 7:16 Hebrews 7:19 Hebrews 8:6 Galatians 5:3 Galatians 5:14 Romans 8:3Justification. Acts 19:38[[Court]] Luke 5:17 Acts 5:34 1—Timothy 1:7Doctor. <div> '''A — 2: '''''Νομοθεσία''''' ''' (Strong'S #3548 — Noun [[Feminine]] — nomothesia — nom-oth-es-ee'-ah ) </div> <p> denotes "legislation, lawgiving" (No. 1, and tithemi, "to place, to put"), Romans 9:4 , "(the) giving of the law." Cp. B, No. 1. </p> <div> '''B — 1: '''''Νομοθετέω''''' ''' (Strong'S #3549 — Verb — nomotheteo — nom-oth-et-eh'-o ) </div> <p> (a) used intransitively, signifies "to make laws" (cp. A, No. 2, above); in the Passive Voice, "to be furnished with laws," Hebrews 7:11 , "received the law," lit., "was furnished with (the) law;" (b) used transitively, it signifies "to ordain by law, to enact;" in the Passive Voice, Hebrews 8:6 . See Enact. </p> <div> '''B — 2: '''''Κρίνω''''' ''' (Strong'S #2919 — Verb — krino — kree'-no ) </div> <p> "to esteem, judge," etc., signifies "to go to law," and is so used in the Middle Voice in Matthew 5:40 , RV, "go to law" (AV, "sue ... at the law"); 1—Corinthians 6:1,6 . See Esteem. </p> 1—Corinthians 6:7 <div> '''B — 3: '''''Παρανομέω''''' ''' (Strong'S #3891 — Verb — paranomeo — par-an-om-eh'-o ) </div> <p> "to transgress law" (para, "contrary to," and nomos), is used in the present participle in Acts 23:3 , and translated "contrary to the law," lit., "transgressing the law." </p> <div> '''C — 1: '''''Νομικός''''' ''' (Strong'S #3544 — Adjective — nomikos — nom-ik-os' ) </div> <p> denotes "relating to law;" in Titus 3:9 it is translated "about the law," describing "fightings" (AV, "strivings"); see Lawyer. </p> <div> '''C — 2: '''''Ἔννομος''''' ''' (Strong'S #1772 — Adjective — ennomos — en'-nom-os ) </div> <p> (a) "lawful, legal," lit., "in law" (en, "in," and nomos), or, strictly, "what is within the range of law," is translated "lawful" in Acts 19:39 , AV (RV, "regular"), of the legal tribunals in Ephesus; (b) "under law" (RV), in relation to Christ, 1—Corinthians 9:21 , where it is contrasted with anomos (see No. 3 below); the word as used by the Apostle suggests not merely the condition of being under "law," but the intimacy of a relation established in the loyalty of a will devoted to his Master. See Lawful. </p> <div> '''C — 3: '''''Ἄνομος''''' ''' (Strong'S #459 — Adjective — anomos — an'-om-os ) </div> <p> signifies "without law" (a, negative) and has this meaning in 1—Corinthians 9:21 (four times). See [[Lawless]] , [[Transgressor]] , [[Unlawful]] , Wicked. </p> <div> '''D — 1: '''''Ἀνόμως''''' ''' (Strong'S #460 — Adverb — anomos — an-om'-oce ) </div> <p> "without law" (the adverbial form of C, No. 3), is used in Romans 2:12 (twice), where "(have sinned) without law" means in the absence of some specifically revealed "law," like the "law" of Sinai; "(shall perish) without law" predicates that the absence of such a "law" will not prevent their doom; the "law" of conscience is not in view here. The succeeding phrase "under law" is lit., "in law," not the same as the adjective ennomos (C, No. 2), but two distinct words. </p> | ||
== King James Dictionary <ref name="term_61295" /> == | == King James Dictionary <ref name="term_61295" /> == | ||
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== Vine's Expository Dictionary of OT Words <ref name="term_76397" /> == | == Vine's Expository Dictionary of OT Words <ref name="term_76397" /> == | ||
<p> '''A. Noun. ''' </p> <p> <em> Tôrâh </em> ( '''''תֹּרָה''''' , Strong'S #8451), “law; direction; instruction.” This noun occurs 220 times in the Hebrew Old Testament. </p> <p> In the wisdom literature, where the noun does not appear with a definite article, <em> tôrâh </em> signifies primarily “direction, teaching, instruction”: “The law of the wise is a fountain of life, to depart from the snares of death” (Prov. 13:14), and “Receive, I pray thee, the law from his mouth, and lay up his words in thine heart” (Job 22:22). The “instruction” of the sages of Israel, who were charged with the education of the young, was intended to cultivate in the young a fear of the Lord so that they might live in accordance with God’s expectations. The sage was a father to his pupils: “Whoso keepeth the law is a wise son: but he that is a companion of riotous men shameth his father” (Prov. 28:7; cf. 3:1; 4:2; 7:2). The natural father might also instruct his son in wise living, even as a Godfearing woman was an example of kind “instruction”: “She openeth her mouth with wisdom; and in her tongue is the law of kindness” (Prov. 31:26). </p> <p> The “instruction” given by God to Moses and the Israelites became known as “the law” or “the direction” ( <em> ha- </em> <em> tôrâh </em> ), and quite frequently as “the Law of the Lord”: “Blessed are the undefiled in the way, who walk in the law of the Lord” (Ps. 119:1), or “the Law of God”: “Also day by day, from the first day unto the last day, [Ezra] read in the book of the law of God” (Neh. 8:18), and also as “the Law of [given through] Moses”: “Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in [[Horeb]] for all Israel …” (Mal. 4:4). The word can refer to the whole of the “law”: “For he established a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them known to their children” (Ps. 78:5), or to particulars: “And this is the law which Moses set before the children of Israel …” (Deut. 4:44). </p> <p> God had communicated the “law” that Israel might observe and live: “And what nation is there so great, that hath statutes and judgments so righteous as all this law, which I set before you this day?” (Deut. 4:8). The king was instructed to have a copy of the “law” prepared for him at his coronation (Deut. 17:18). The priests were charged with the study and teaching of, as well as the jurisprudence based upon, the “law” (Jer. 18:18). Because of rampant apostasy the last days of Judah were times when there were no teaching priests (2 Chron. 15:3); in fact, in Josiah’s days the “law” (whether the whole Torah, or a book or a part) was recovered: “And [[Hilkiah]] … said to [[Shaphan]] the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord” (2 Chron. 34:15). </p> <p> The prophets called Israel to repeat by returning to the <em> tôrâh </em> (“instruction”) of God (Isa. 1:10). Jeremiah prophesied concerning God’s new dealing with His people in terms of the New Covenant, in which God’s law is to be internalized, God’s people would willingly obey Him: “But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people” (Jer. 31:33). The last prophet of the Old Testament reminded the priests of their obligations (Mal. 2) and challenged God’s people to remember the “law” of Moses in preparation for the coming Messiah (Mal. 4:4). </p> <p> The [[Septuagint]] gives the following translations: <em> nomos </em> (“law; rule”); <em> nomimos </em> (“conformable to law; lawful”); <em> entole </em> (“command[ment]; order”); and <em> prostagma </em> (“order; commandment; injunction”). </p> <p> '''B. Verb.''' </p> <p> <em> Yârâh </em> ( '''''יָרָא''''' , Strong'S #3384), “to throw, cast, direct, teach, instruct.” The noun <em> yârâh </em> is derived from this root. The meaning “to cast” appears in Gen. 31:51: “And [[Laban]] said to Jacob, Behold this heap, and behold this pillar, which I have cast betwixt me and thee.” <em> Yârâh </em> means “to teach” in 1 Sam. 12:23: “… but I will teach you the good and the right way.” </p> | <p> '''A. Noun. ''' </p> <p> <em> Tôrâh </em> ( '''''תֹּרָה''''' , Strong'S #8451), “law; direction; instruction.” This noun occurs 220 times in the Hebrew Old Testament. </p> <p> In the wisdom literature, where the noun does not appear with a definite article, <em> tôrâh </em> signifies primarily “direction, teaching, instruction”: “The law of the wise is a fountain of life, to depart from the snares of death” (Prov. 13:14), and “Receive, I pray thee, the law from his mouth, and lay up his words in thine heart” (Job 22:22). The “instruction” of the sages of Israel, who were charged with the education of the young, was intended to cultivate in the young a fear of the Lord so that they might live in accordance with God’s expectations. The sage was a father to his pupils: “Whoso keepeth the law is a wise son: but he that is a companion of riotous men shameth his father” (Prov. 28:7; cf. 3:1; 4:2; 7:2). The natural father might also instruct his son in wise living, even as a Godfearing woman was an example of kind “instruction”: “She openeth her mouth with wisdom; and in her tongue is the law of kindness” (Prov. 31:26). </p> <p> The “instruction” given by God to Moses and the Israelites became known as “the law” or “the direction” ( <em> ha- </em> <em> tôrâh </em> ), and quite frequently as “the Law of the Lord”: “Blessed are the undefiled in the way, who walk in the law of the Lord” (Ps. 119:1), or “the Law of God”: “Also day by day, from the first day unto the last day, [Ezra] read in the book of the law of God” (Neh. 8:18), and also as “the Law of [given through] Moses”: “Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in [[Horeb]] for all Israel …” (Mal. 4:4). The word can refer to the whole of the “law”: “For he established a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them known to their children” (Ps. 78:5), or to particulars: “And this is the law which Moses set before the children of Israel …” (Deut. 4:44). </p> <p> God had communicated the “law” that Israel might observe and live: “And what nation is there so great, that hath statutes and judgments so righteous as all this law, which I set before you this day?” (Deut. 4:8). The king was instructed to have a copy of the “law” prepared for him at his coronation (Deut. 17:18). The priests were charged with the study and teaching of, as well as the jurisprudence based upon, the “law” (Jer. 18:18). Because of rampant apostasy the last days of Judah were times when there were no teaching priests (2 Chron. 15:3); in fact, in Josiah’s days the “law” (whether the whole Torah, or a book or a part) was recovered: “And [[Hilkiah]] … said to [[Shaphan]] the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord” (2 Chron. 34:15). </p> <p> The prophets called Israel to repeat by returning to the <em> tôrâh </em> (“instruction”) of God (Isa. 1:10). Jeremiah prophesied concerning God’s new dealing with His people in terms of the New Covenant, in which God’s law is to be internalized, God’s people would willingly obey Him: “But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people” (Jer. 31:33). The last prophet of the Old Testament reminded the priests of their obligations (Mal. 2) and challenged God’s people to remember the “law” of Moses in preparation for the coming Messiah (Mal. 4:4). </p> <p> The [[Septuagint]] gives the following translations: <em> nomos </em> (“law; rule”); <em> nomimos </em> —(“conformable to law; lawful”); <em> entole </em> (“command[ment]; order”); and <em> prostagma </em> (“order; commandment; injunction”). </p> <p> '''B. Verb.''' </p> <p> <em> Yârâh </em> ( '''''יָרָא''''' , Strong'S #3384), “to throw, cast, direct, teach, instruct.” The noun <em> yârâh </em> is derived from this root. The meaning “to cast” appears in Gen. 31:51: “And [[Laban]] said to Jacob, Behold this heap, and behold this pillar, which I have cast betwixt me and thee.” <em> Yârâh </em> means “to teach” in 1 Sam. 12:23: “… but I will teach you the good and the right way.” </p> | ||
== Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_67352" /> == | == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_67352" /> == | ||
