Difference between revisions of "Jupiter"

<p> (&nbsp;Acts 14:12-13 [Revised Version margin <b> ‘Zeus’ </b> ] 19:35 [Authorized Versionand Revised Version‘the image which fell down from Jupiter’; Revised Version margin ‘from heaven’]) </p> <p> The Oriental setting of the events which took place at [[Lystra]] is strongly evident in the first of these passages. The miracle of healing at once causes the barbarians to suppose that the gods had come to pay them a visit, and the impassive [[Barnabas]] is regarded as the chief. ‘True to the oriental character, the Lycaonians regarded the active and energetic preacher as the inferior, and the more silent and statuesque figure as the leader and principal’ (W. M. Ramsay, <i> The Church in the [[Roman]] Empire </i> , 1893, p. 57 n.[Note: . note.]). It was not that such visits were supposed to be common, but a well-known legend (Ovid, <i> Metam </i> . viii. 626 ff.; cf. <i> [[Fasti]] </i> , v. 495ff.) told of such a visit, when the aged couple Philemon and Baucis had alone received the august visitors and had been suitably rewarded; this had been localized in several districts. The people cried out in the speech of Lycaonia, and the original name of the local god given by them to Barnabas has been here replaced by the Greek equivalent, Zeus. In v. 13 Codex Bezae has a slightly different phrase which reads, ‘the temple of Zeus-before-the-city.’ The participle in the phrase τοῦ ὄντος Διὸς Προπόλεως is used in a way characteristic of Acts, viz. to introduce some title or particular phrase, and we must consider that D is correct here. Zöckler ( <i> ad loc </i> .) and Ramsay ( <i> op. cit. </i> p. 51f.) compare an inscription at Claudiopolis which has [[Zeus]] Proastios ( <i> i.e. </i> ‘Jupiter-before-the-town’). The title here, then, is Propoleôs, which is actually found in an inscription at Smyrna. The [[Temple]] would be outside the city proper, and it is not quite clear whether ‘the gates’ where the sacrifice was prepared were those of the Temple, or of the city, or of the dwelling-house of the apostles. It is most probable that the Temple is referred to, the gates being chosen as a special place for the offering of a special sacrifice (Ramsay). </p> <p> Baur, Zeller, Overbeck, and Wendt regard the whole incident as unhistorical, since such people would rather have considered that the miracle-workers were magicians or demons. But the local legends give ample support to the text. </p> <p> In 19:35 the translation should follow Revised Version margin: ‘the Image which fell down from the clear sky.’ </p> <p> Literature.-See R. J. Knowling, <i> Expositor’s Greek [[Testament]] </i> , 1900, <i> ad loc </i> .; A. C. McGiffert, <i> [[Apostolic]] [[Age]] </i> , 1897, p. 189f. </p> <p> F. W. Worsley. </p>

<p> '''Jupiter''' (jû'pt-ter). The heathen god worshipped by the Greeks under the name of Zeus. He was supposed to exercise supreme power; but the actions attributed to him were frequently in the highest degree sensual and abominable. [[Antiochus]] [[Epiphanes]] dedicated the temple at [[Jerusalem]] to this deity as Zeus Olympius, that on [[Gerizim]] to him as Zeus Xenius, the "defender of strangers." &nbsp;2 [[Maccabees]] 6:2. He is two or three times mentioned in the New Testament. &nbsp;Acts 14:12-13; &nbsp;Acts 19:35. </p>

<p> '''Ju'piter.''' (a father that helps). The Greek Zeus. The Olympian Zeus was the national god of the Hellenic race, as well as the supreme ruler of the heathen world, and as such formed the true opposite to '''Jehovah''' . Jupiter or Zeus is mentioned in two passages of the New Testament, on the occasion of St. Paul's visit to Lystra, &nbsp;Acts 14:12-13, where the expression "Jupiter, which was before their city," means that his temple was outside the city. Also in &nbsp;Acts 19:35. </p>

<p> '''(1):''' ''' (''' n.) The supreme deity, king of gods and men, and reputed to be the son of [[Saturn]] and Rhea; Jove. He corresponds to the Greek Zeus. </p> <p> '''(2):''' ''' (''' n.) One of the planets, being the brightest except Venus, and the largest of them all, its mean diameter being about 85,000 miles. It revolves about the sun in 4,332.6 days, at a mean distance of 5.2028 from the sun, the earth's mean distance being taken as unity. </p>

<p> ''' Copyright StatementThese files are public domain. Bibliography InformationMcClintock, John. Strong, James. Entry for 'Jupiter'. Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and [[Ecclesiastical]] Literature. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tce/j/jupiter.html. Harper & Brothers. New York. 1870. ''' </p>

<p> ''''' jōō´pi ''''' - ''''' tẽr ''''' , ''''' jū´pi ''''' - ''''' tẽr ''''' ( Ζεύς , <i> ''''' Zeús ''''' </i> ): "Jupiter" is mentioned in &nbsp; 2 Maccabees 6:2; &nbsp;Acts 14:12 , &nbsp;Acts 14:13 , with "Zeus" in the Revised Version margin in all cases. In addition the Greek stem appears in διοπετοῦς , <i> '''''diopetoús''''' </i> , in &nbsp;Acts 19:35 , English [[Versions]] of the Bible "which fell down from Jupiter"; but the word means "from the clear sky" (compare "from heaven" in the Revised Version margin). "Jupiter" was considered the Latin equivalent of the Greek "Zeus," the highest god in the developed Greek pantheon, and Zeus in turn, in accord with the syncretism of the period, was identified with countless deities in the local cults of Asia Minor and elsewhere. So in &nbsp;Acts 14:12 , &nbsp;Acts 14:13 , "Zeus" and "Hermes" are local deities that had been renamed. On the other hand, the Zeus of 2 Macc 6:2 is the genuine Greek deity, who had been adopted as a special patron by Antiochus Epiphanes and to whose temple in [[Athens]] Antiochus had contributed largely. The title "Olympius" (2 Macc 6:2) is derived from the early worship on Mt. Olympus, but had come to be thought one of the god's highest appellations; Xenios, "protector of strangers," was a title in a cult particularly popular with travelers. See [[Abomination Of Desolation]] , and Smith, <i> HGHL </i> , 333-34. </p>