Difference between revisions of "Enoch"

<p> 1. Eldest son of Cain. &nbsp;Genesis 4:17,18 . </p> <p> 2. City built by Cain, and named after his son: it is the first city that we read of. &nbsp;Genesis 4:17 . </p> <p> 3. Son of Jared, and father of Methuselah. Of him it is said he "walked with God: and he was not; for God took him;" and also that by faithhe was translated, and that before his translation he had this testimonythat he pleased God. A bright example in those early days of how by grace a man can have communion with God, and so please God, and be made sensible of it, thus enjoying the light of His countenance in walking with Him in a sinful world. Enoch was taken to heaven without dying, as the living saints will be at the coming of the Lord Jesus. &nbsp; Genesis 5:18-24; &nbsp;Luke 3:37; &nbsp;Hebrews 11:5; &nbsp;Jude 14 . Called [[Henoch]] in &nbsp;1 Chronicles 1:3 . </p> <p> In Jude a prophesy of Enoch is quoted which is not found in the O.T. As Jude wrote under the inspiration of God this could have been revealed to him, as many other things in scripture have been, and which could have beenknown in no other way; or he may have been inspired to record whathad been handed down orally. There is an apocryphal book called THE BOOK OF ENOCH, from which some believe that Jude quoted, though it is not inspired. But there is no evidence that the book was then in existence. It refers to the Messiah as 'Son of God,' which has been judged to proveconclusively that it was written in the Christian era. The passage in the book of Enoch, speaking of Christ executing judgement, is worded thus: "Behold he cometh with ten thousand of his saints, to execute judgement upon them, and destroy the wicked, and reprove all the carnal, for everything which the sinful and ungodly have done and committed against him." The traveller Bruce, on his return from Egypt in A.D. 1773 brought three MSS of the entire book in Æthiopic. In 1821 it was translated into English. The book purports to be a series of revelations made to Enoch and Noah. </p>

<li> The son of Jared, and father of [[Methuselah]] (&nbsp;Genesis 5:21; &nbsp;Luke 3:37 ). His father was one hundred and sixty-two years old when he was born. After the birth of Methuselah, Enoch "walked with God three hundred years" (&nbsp;Genesis 5:22-24 ), when he was translated without tasting death. His whole life on earth was three hundred and sixty-five years. He was the "seventh from Adam" (&nbsp;Jude 1:14 ), as distinguished from the son of Cain, the third from Adam. He is spoken of in the catalogue of Old Testament worthies in the Epistle to the (&nbsp;Hebrews 11:5 ). When he was translated, only Adam, so far as recorded, had as yet died a natural death, and Noah was not yet born. [[Mention]] is made of Enoch's prophesying only in &nbsp;Jude 1:14 . <div> <p> '''Copyright Statement''' These dictionary topics are from M.G. Easton M.A., D.D., Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, published by [[Thomas]] Nelson, 1897. Public Domain. </p> <p> '''Bibliography Information''' Easton, Matthew George. Entry for 'Enoch'. Easton's Bible Dictionary. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/ebd/e/enoch.html. 1897. </p> </div> </li>

<p> [[Enoch]] (''Ç'Nok'' ), ''Initiating'' or ''Initiated, I.E., Dedicated.'' 1. A son of Cain. &nbsp;Genesis 4:17; &nbsp;Genesis 18:2. One of the most eminent of the antediluvian patriarchs, the son of Jared and father of Methuselah. He has this remarkable testimony, "that he walked with God;" an expression denoting near communion with the Lord, and conformity to his will. And "he was not; for God took him," that is, like Elijah in subsequent times, "he was translated that he should not see death." His life was, for the period in which he lived, a short one upon earth, 365 years; but it was a life of faith, pleasing in the eye of his Maker. &nbsp;Genesis 4:18-24; &nbsp;Luke 3:37; &nbsp;Hebrews 11:5. Jude cites a prophecy of Enoch. In &nbsp;1 Chronicles 1:3, Enoch is called Hanoch. </p>

<p> (Hebrews Chanok', חֲנוֹךְ, ''Initiated;'' according to Philo, ''De Poet. Caini, §'' 11, from חֵן, with the suffix ךָ = חִנֵּךְ [ἑρμηνευεται Ε᾿νὼχ χάρις σου ], i.e., ''Thy Favor;'' Sept. and N.T. Ε᾿νώχ, [[Josephus]] ῎Ανωχος, Vulg. ''Henoch),'' the name of several men. </p> <p> '''1.''' The eldest son of Cain (&nbsp;Genesis 4:17), who called the city which he built after his name (&nbsp;Genesis 4:18). B.C. post 4041. It is there described as being east of Eden, in the land of Nod, to which Cain retired after the murder of his brother. (See [[Nod]]). Ewald ''(Gesch.'' 1:356, note) fancies that there is a reference to the Phrygian Iconium, in which city a legend ''Of "'' Αννακος was preserved, evidently derived from the biblical ac count of the father of Methuselah (Steph. Byz. s.v. Ι᾿κόνιον; Suid. s.v. Νάννακος ). Other places have been identified with the site of Enoch with little probability; e.g. ''Anuchta'' (Ptolemy, 6:3, 5) in Susiana, the ''Heniochi'' (Ptolemy, 5:9, 25; Strabo, 11:492; Pliny, 6:10, 12) in the Caucasus, etc. (Huetius, ''De Paradiso,'' c. 17; Hasse, ''Entdeckung,'' 2:35; Gotter, [[De]] ''Henochia Urbe,'' Jen. 1705 [of little value]; Sticht, De urbe Hanochia, Jen. 1727). </p> <p> '''2.''' Another antediluvian patriarch, the son of Jared and father of Methuselah (&nbsp;Genesis 5:21 sq.; &nbsp;Luke 3:28 : in &nbsp;1 Chronicles 1:3, the name is Anglicized "Henoch"). — B.C. 3550-3185. He was born when Jared, was 162 years old, and after the birth of his eldest son in his 65th year he lived 300 years. From the period of 365 years assigned to his life, Ewald (Isrl. desch. 1:356), with very little probability, regards him as "the god of the new year," but the number may have been not without influence on the later traditions which assigned to Enoch the discovery of the science of astronomy (ἀστρολογία, [[Eupolemus]] ap. Euseb. ''Praep. Ev.'' 9:17, where he is identified with Atlas). After the birth of Methuselah it is said (&nbsp;Genesis 5:22-24) that Enoch "walked with God 300 years ... and he was not; for God took him" (לָקִח ). The phrase "walked with God" (הַתְהִלֵּךְ אֶתאּה אֵֹלהַים ) is elsewhere only used of Noah (&nbsp;Genesis 6:9; comp. &nbsp;Genesis 17:1, etc.), and is to be explained of a prophetic life spent in immediate converse with the spiritual world (Book of Enoch, 12:2, "All his action was with the holy ones, and with the watchers during his life"). There is no farther mention of Enoch in the O.T., but in [[Ecclesiasticus]] (49:14) he is brought forward as one of the peculiar glories (οὐδὲ ε ‹ ς ἐκτίσθη ο ‹ ος Ε᾿ .) of the Jews, for he was taken up (ἀνελήφθη, Alex. μετετέθη ) from the earth. "He pleased the Lord and was translated [Vulg. into Paradise], being a pattern of repentance" (&nbsp;Sirach 44:14). In the Epistle to the Hebrews the spring and issue of Enoch's life are clearly marked. "By faith Enoch was translated (μετετέθη ), that he should not see death . . for before his translation (μετάθεσις ) he had this testimony, that he pleased God." The contrast to this divine judgment is found in: the constrained words of Josephus: " Enoch departed to the [[Deity]] (ἀνεχώρησε πρὸς τὸ θεῖον ), whence [the sacred writers] have not recorded his death" ''(Ant.'' 1:3, 4). In the Epistle of Jude, &nbsp;Judges 1:14; (comp. Enoch 60:8) he is described as " the ''Seventh'' from Adam;" and the number is probably noticed as conveying the idea of divine completion and rest (comp. August. ''C. Faust.'' 12:14), while Enoch was himself a type of perfected humanity, "a man raised to heaven by pleasing God, while angels fell to earth by transgression" (Ireneus, 4:16, 2). Elijah was in like manner translated; and thus was the doctrine of immortalitypalpably taught under the ancient dispensation. </p> <p> The biblical notices of Enoch were a fruitful source of speculation in later times. Some theologians disputed with subtilty as to the place to which he was removed, whether it was to [[Paradise]] or to the iimmedLate presence of God (comp. Feuardentius, ad Iren. 5:5), though others more wisely declined to discuss the question (Thilo, Cod. Apocr. N.T. page 758). On other points there was greater unanimity. Both the Latin and Greek fathers commonly couple Enoch and Elijah as historic witnesses of the possibility of a resurrection of the body and of a true human existence in glory (Iren. 4:5, 1; Tertull. de Resurr. Carn. page 58; Jerome, c. Joan. Hierosol. § 29, 32, pages 437, 440); and the voice of early ecclesiastical tradition is almost unanimous in regarding them as "the two witnesses" (&nbsp;Revelation 11:3 sq.) who should fall before "the beast," and afterwards be raised to heaven before the great judgment (Hippol. ''Fragm. In Daniel'' 22; ''De Antichr.'' 43, [[Cosmas]] Indic. page 75, ap. Thilo, κατὰ τὴν ἐκκλησιαστικὴν παράδοσιν; Tertull. ''De Anima,'' page 59; Amzbros. [[In]] &nbsp;Psalms 45:4; Evang. Nicod. c. 25, on which 'Thilo has almost exhausted the question, Cod. Apoc. N.T. page 765 sq.). This belief removed a serious difficulty which was supposed to attach to their translation, for thus it was made clear that they would at last discharge the common debt of a sinful humanity, from which they were not exempted by their glorious removal from the earth (Tertull de Anima, 1.c.; August. Op. imp. c. Jul. 6:30). In later times Enoch was celebrated as the inventor of writing, arithmetic, and astronomy (Euseb. Prcp. Ev. 9:17). He is said to have filled 300 books with the revelations which he received, and is commonly identified with [[Edris]] (i.e., the learned), who is commemorated in the [[Koran]] (cap. 19) as one "exalted [by God] to a high place" (comp. Sale, ad loc.; Hottinger, Hist. Orient. page 30 sq.). [[Visions]] sand prophecies were commonly ascribed to him, which he is said to have arranged in a book. This book was delivered to his son, and preserved by Noah in the ark. After the [[Flood]] it was made known to the world, and handed down from one generation to another (see Yuchasin, f. 134; Eusebius, Hist. [[Ecclesiastes]] 7:32; Cedren. Hist. page 9; Barhebr. Chron. page 5). But these traditions were probably due to the apocryphal book "which bears his name (comp. Fabric. Cod. Pseudep. V.T. 1:215 sq.). See below. Some (Buttm. Mythol. 1:176 sq.; Ewald, 1.c.) have found a trace of the history of Enoch in the Phrygian legend of Annacus (῎Αννακος, Νάννακος ), who was distinguished for his piety, lived 300 years, and predicted the deluge of Deucalion. See Heber, ''De Pietate Et Fatis Enochi'' (Bamb. 1789); Bredenkamp, in Paulus, ''Memor.'' 2:152; Danz, in Meuschen's N.T. Talm. Page 722; Schmieder, Comment. in &nbsp;Galatians 3:19 (Nurnbn, 1826), page 23; Buddei ''Hist. Ecclesiastes V.T.'' 1:162; Drusius, ''De Henoch,'' in the ''Crit. Sacri.'' 1, 2; Pfeiffer, ''Decas Select. Exerc.'' page 12; D'Herbelot, ''Biblioth. Or.'' 1:624; Robertson, ''The [[Prophet]] Enoch'' (Lond. 1860); Pfaff, ''De Raptu Henochi'' (Tub. 1739); Hall, ''Works,'' 11:185; Alexander, ''Hist. Ecclesiastes'' 1:142; Calmet, ''Commentary,'' 8:10, 27; Hunter, ''Sacred Biog.'' page 24 sq.; Robinson, Script. Char. 1; Rudge, Lect. on [[Genesis]] 1:72; Evans, ''Script. Biog.'' 3:1; Kitto, ''Bible Illust.'' 1:123; Bell, ''Enoch'S Walk'' (Lond. 1658); Heidegger, ''Hist. Patriarcharum,'' i; Saurin, ''Disc.'' 1:65; Boston, ''Sermons,'' 1:230; Doddridge, ''Works,'' 3:329; Slade, ''Sermons,'' 2:447; Williams, ''Sermons,'' 2:367. </p> <p> '''3.''' The third son of Midian, and grandson of [[Abraham]] by Keturah (&nbsp;Genesis 25:4, A.V. "Hanoch;" &nbsp;1 Chronicles 1:33, "Henoch"). B.C. post 1988. </p> <p> '''4.''' The eldest son of [[Reuben]] (A.V. "Hanoch," &nbsp;Genesis 46:9; &nbsp;Exodus 6:14; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 5:3), from whom came "the family of the Hanochites" (&nbsp;Numbers 26:5). B.C. 1873. </p> <p> '''5.''' In &nbsp;2 [[Esdras]] 6:49; &nbsp;2 Esdras 6:51, "Enoch" stands in the Lat. (and Eng.) version for one of the two famous amphibious monsters, doubtless correctly [[Behemoth]] in the Ethiopic. </p>

<p> '''''ē´nok''''' ( חנוך , <i> '''''ḥănōkh''''' </i> , "initiated"; Ἑνώχ , <i> '''''Henō̇ch''''' </i> ): </p> <p> (1) The eldest son of Cain (&nbsp;Genesis 4:17 , &nbsp;Genesis 4:18 ). </p> <p> (2) The son of Jared and father of Methuselah, seventh in descent from Adam in the line of [[Seth]] (&nbsp;Judges 1:14 ). He is said (&nbsp;Genesis 5:23 ) to have lived 365 years, but the brief record of his life is comprised in the words, "Enoch walked with God: and he was not; for God took him" (&nbsp;Genesis 5:24 ). The expression "walked with God" denotes a devout life, lived in close communion with God, while the reference to his end has always been understood, as by the writer of He, to mean, "By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see death; and he was not found, because God translated him" (&nbsp;Hebrews 11:5 ). See further, [[Apocalyptic Literature]] , II, i, 1. </p>