Difference between revisions of "Cana"

<p> <b> CANA </b> <b> ( </b> Κανὰ τῆς Γαλιλαίας) is mentioned four times in the Fourth Gospel. It was the scene of our Lord’s first miracle (&nbsp;John 2:1; &nbsp;John 2:11); the place to which ‘a certain king’s officer (βασιλικός), whose son was sick at Capernaum,’ came to find Jesus (&nbsp;John 4:46); and the native place of the disciple [[Nathanael]] (&nbsp;John 21:2). After the miracle, Jesus ‘went down’ (κατέβη) to Capernaum; and the king’s officer besought him to ‘come down’ (καταβῇ) to heal his son. Those references place [[Cana]] of [[Galilee]] on higher ground than Capernaum. There is no other direct evidence as to its position. </p> <p> [[Josephus]] states ( <i> Vita </i> , 16) that he resided for a time ‘in a village of Galilee which is named Cana.’ From this village he made a descent during the night upon [[Tiberias]] (17). Later (41) he speaks of residing in the great plain, the name of which was Asochis. If these residences are one and the same place, the Cana of Josephus may well be <i> Khirbet Kâna </i> or <i> Kânat el-Jelîl </i> , on the N. slopes of the plain of Buttauf, and about 8 miles N. of Nazareth. This, however, would not decide the site of St. John’s Cana. [The Κανά of <i> Ant </i> . xv. v. 1 should be, according to <i> BJ </i> i. xix. 1, Καναθά]. </p> <p> Etymology and tradition are divided between the above mentioned site on the plain of Buttauf and <i> Kefr Kennâ </i> , a hamlet on the direct road to the lake, and about 3½ miles N.E. of Nazareth, where there is a fine spring. Etymology certainly favours <i> Khirbet Kâna </i> , the doubling of the medial ‘nun’ being against <i> Kefr Kennâ </i> . Tradition is indecisive. The references in Placentinus ( <i> Itin </i> . 4), Phocas, John of Würzburg, Quaresmius ( <i> Elucidationes </i> , ii. 852f.), etc., favour <i> Kefr Kennâ </i> , where the monks of the Greek and Latin Churches have considerable ecclesiastical properties. On the other hand, the notices of Theodosius (a.d. 530), Saewulf, Brocardus, Fetellus, [[Marinus]] Sanutus (p. 253), and others, suit the northern site. </p> <p> In later times, Robinson ( <i> BR </i> P [Note: RP Biblical Researches in Palestine.] 2 [Note: designates the particular edition of the work referred] ii. 348f., iii. 108) supports the claims of <i> Khirbet Kâna </i> , and is followed by Hitter, Thomson, Ewald, Socin, Keim, and others. [[Eusebius]] and [[Jerome]] ( <i> Onom. s.v </i> . Κανα) identify Cana with <i> [[Kanah]] </i> * [Note: This Kanah is probably the modern village of Kana, 7 miles S.E. of [[Tyre]] (Encyc. Bibl. ii. 2652; Hastings’ DB ii. 831).] in [[Asher]] (&nbsp;Joshua 19:28). This could not be <i> Kefr Kennâ </i> , which is not in Asher, but might be <i> Khirbet Kâna </i> ( <i> Eneyc. Bibl </i> . i. 638). Other recent writers contend for <i> Kefr Kennâ </i> , among whom are Guérin, de Saulcy, Porter, Tristram, etc. The balance of evidence is perhaps on the side of the northern site (Hasting's Dictionary of the [[Bible]] i. 346 b). Conder ( <i> PE </i> F [Note: EF [[Palestine]] Exploration Fund.] <i> [[Mem]] </i> . i. 288) suggests as a possible site a spot nearer to [[Nazareth]] than <i> Kefr Kennâ </i> , called <i> ‘Ain Kânâ </i> , and not far from Reineh. Dr. Sanday appears to support this, and claims Guthe as agreeing ( <i> Sacred Sites </i> , 24 n. [Note: note.] ). </p> <p> Literature.—Hasting's Dictionary of the Bible i. 346; <i> Encyc. Bibl </i> . i. 637; Robinson, <i> BR </i> P [Note: RP Biblical Researches in Palestine.] 2 [Note: designates the particular edition of the work referred] ii. 348f., iii. 108; Conder, <i> PE </i> F [Note: EF Palestine Exploration Fund.] <i> Mem </i> . i. 288; Stanley, <i> S </i> P [Note: P [[Sinai]] and Palestine.] 368; Guérin, <i> Galilée </i> , i. 175 ff.; Thomson, <i> Land and Book </i> , 425 f.; Tristram, <i> Land of [[Israel]] </i> , 455; Socin, <i> Pal </i> . [Note: Palestine, Palestinian.] 358. 367; Murray, <i> Pal </i> . [Note: Palestine, Palestinian.] 366; Buhl, <i> GA </i> P [Note: AP Geographic des alten Palästina.] 219 f.; Ewald, <i> Gesch </i> . vi. 180 n. [Note: note.] ; Keim, <i> Jesus of Nazara </i> , iv. 116 n. [Note: note.] ; Ritter, <i> Comp. Geogr </i> . iv. 378f. </p> <p> A. W. Cooke. </p>

<p> '''Ca'na.''' (place of reeds) '''Cana''' of Galilee, once '''Cana''' in Galilee. A village or town, not far from Capernaum, memorable as the scene of '''Christ's''' first miracle, &nbsp;John 2:1; &nbsp;John 2:11; &nbsp;John 4:46, as well as of a subsequent one, &nbsp;John 4:46; &nbsp;John 4:54, and also as the native place of the apostle Nathanael. &nbsp;John 21:2. The traditional site is at Kefr-Kenna, a small village about 4 1/2 miles northwest of Nazareth. The rival site is a village situated farther north, about five miles north of Seffurieh (Sepphoris), and nine miles north of Nazareth. </p>

<p> Cana of Galilee. A town where Jesus performed His first miracle, turning the water into wine, and a second one, healing the nobleman's or courtier's son at Capernaum, by a word spoken at a distance (John 2; &nbsp;John 4:46; &nbsp;John 4:54). Nathanael belonged to Cana (&nbsp;John 21:2); it was more elevated than Capernaum, as Jesus "went down" from it there (&nbsp;John 2:12). The traditional site is Kefr Kenna, 5 miles N.E. of Nazareth. Another site has been proposed by Dr. Robinson, namely, Khirbet [[Kana]] or Kana el Jelil, but the balance of evidence supports the traditional spot. (See WINE.) </p>

<p> '''Cana of Galilee''' (kâ'nah). A town noted as the scene of Christ's first miracle, &nbsp;John 2:1-11, and of another miracle, 4:46-54, and as the home of Nathanael. 21:2. Tradition places it at Kefr-Kenna, about four English miles northeast of Nazareth, and the traveller is now shown an earthen jar, which is claimed to be one of the water-jars used at the wedding. Robinson and others, with fair probability, identify Cana with Kâna-el-Jelîl, about nine miles north of Nazareth. It has a fine situation, and the ruins indicate the existence in former times of a considerable village. </p>