Difference between revisions of "Beam"

<div> '''1: '''''Δοκός''''' ''' (Strong'S #1385 — Noun [[Feminine]] — dokos — dok-os' ) </div> <p> "a beam," is perhaps etymologically connected with the root dek---, seen in the word dechomai, "to receive," "beams" being received at their ends into walls or pieces of timber. The Lord used it metaphorically, in contrast to a mote, "of a great fault, or vice," &nbsp;Matthew 7:3-5; &nbsp;Luke 6:41,42 . </p>

<p> the rendering in the Auth. Vers. of the following words: '''''אֶרֶג''''' '', E'' ' ''Reg, A Web,'' &nbsp;Judges 16:14; ''Shuttle,'' " &nbsp;Job 2:6; '''''מָנוֹר''''' , ''Manor'' ' '','' a ''Yoke,'' hence a weaver's ''Frame,'' or its principal ''Beam,'' &nbsp;1 Samuel 17:7; &nbsp;2 Samuel 21:19; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 11:23; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 20:5; '''''גֵּב''''' , ''Geb,'' a ''Board,'' &nbsp;1 Kings 6:9; </p> <p> '''''כָּפִיס''''' , ''Kaphis'' ' '','' a cross-beam or ''Girder'' (Sept. '''''Κάνθαρος''''' ), &nbsp;Habakkuk 2:11; '''''צֵלָע''''' , ''Tsela'' ' '','' a ''Rib,'' hence a ''Joint,'' &nbsp;1 Kings 7:3; "board," 6:15,16; "plank," 6:15; '''''קוּרָה''''' , ''Kurah'' ' '','' a cross-piece or ''Rafter,'' &nbsp;2 Kings 6:2; &nbsp;2 Kings 6:5; &nbsp;2 Chronicles 3:7; &nbsp;Song of Solomon 1:17; '''''עָב''''' , ab, a projecting ''Step,'' or architectural ornament like a moulding, answering for a threshold, &nbsp;1 Kings 7:6; "thick plank," &nbsp;Ezekiel 41:25; '''''כְּרֻתוֹת''''' , ''Keruthoth'' ' '','' hewed sticks of ''Timber.'' &nbsp;1 Kings 6:36; &nbsp;1 Kings 7:2; &nbsp;1 Kings 7:12; '''''קָרָה''''' (in Piel), to [[Fit]] beams, hence to ''Frame,'' &nbsp;Nehemiah 3:3; &nbsp;Nehemiah 3:6; &nbsp;Psalms 104:3; of no Hebrews word (being supplied in italics) in &nbsp;1 Kings 6:6; '''''Δοκός''''' , a [[Stick]] of wood for building purposes, &nbsp;Matthew 7:3-5; &nbsp;Luke 6:41-42. In these last passages, Lightfoot shows that the expressions of our Lord were a common proverb among the Jews, having reference to the greater sins of one prone to censure the small faults of another. The " ''Mote, '''''Κάρφος''''' ,'' may be understood as any very small dry particle, which, by lodging in the eye, causes distress and pain, and is here given as the emblem of lesser faults in opposition to a beam for the greater, as also in the parallel proverb, "Strain [out] a gnat and swallow a camel" (&nbsp;Matthew 23:24). </p>

<p> ''''' bēm ''''' : The word is used to translate various Old [[Testament]] terms: </p> <p> (1) גּב , <i> ''''' gēbh ''''' </i> (&nbsp;1 Kings 6:9 ), צלע , <i> ''''' cēlā‛ ''''' </i> , "a rib" (&nbsp;1 Kings 7:3 ), קוּרה , <i> ''''' ḳūrāh ''''' </i> (&nbsp;2 Chronicles 3:7; &nbsp;2 Chronicles 34:11; &nbsp;Song of Solomon 1:17 ), all refer to constructional beams used in buildings for roofing and upper floors, main beams being carried on pillars generally of wood. The last term is used in &nbsp;2 Kings 6:2 , &nbsp;2 Kings 6:5 ("as one was felling a beam") of trees which were being cut into logs. A related form is קרה , <i> ''''' ḳārāh ''''' </i> (used of the Creator, &nbsp;Psalm 104:3; of building, &nbsp;Nehemiah 2:8; &nbsp;Nehemiah 3:3 , &nbsp;Nehemiah 3:6 ). Yet another term, כּפים , <i> ''''' kāphı̄m ''''' </i> , is used in &nbsp;Habakkuk 2:11 : "The stone shall cry out of the wall, and the beam out of the timber shall answer it" - a protest against sin made by inanimate things. The [[Douay]] version, in translating, "the timber that is between the joints of the building," suggests the use of bond timbers in buildings, similar to that used at one time in English brickwork. It probably refers to its use in mud brick buildings, although bond timbers might also be used in badly built stone walls. The Arabs of the present day use steel joints to strengthen angles of buildings. </p> <p> (2) Beam, in weaving, represents two words, ארג , <i> ''''' 'eregh ''''' </i> (&nbsp;Judges 16:14 , the beam of a loom to which Samson's hair was fastened; used in &nbsp;Job 7:6 of a weaver's shuttle), and מנור , <i> ''''' mānōr ''''' </i> (&nbsp;1 Samuel 17:7; &nbsp;2 Samuel 21:19; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 11:23; &nbsp;1 Chronicles 20:5 ), of a spear-staff. </p> <p> (3) In the New Testament Jesus uses the word δοκός , <i> ''''' dokós ''''' </i> , "a rafter," in bidding the censorious person first cast the "beam" out of his own eye before attempting to remove the "mote" from another's eye (&nbsp;Matthew 7:3; &nbsp;Luke 6:41 , &nbsp;Luke 6:42 ). See [[Architecture]]; [[House]] . </p>