Difference between revisions of "Adversary"

<p> <i> [[See]] </i> <a> [[Satan]] </a> </p>

<div> <span> A — 1: <a> ἀντίδικος </a> </span> <div> <button> ► </button> </div> <span> ( <a> Strong's #476 </a> — [[Noun]] [[Masculine]] — antidikos — an-tid'-ee-kos </span> ) </div> <p> firstly, "an opponent in a lawsuit," <span> [[Matthew]] 5:25 </span> (twice); <span> [[Luke]] 12:58 </span> ; <span> 18:3 </span> , is also used to denote "an adversary or an enemy," without reference to legal affairs, and this is perhaps its meaning in <span> 1 [[Peter]] 5:8 </span> , where it is used of the Devil. Some would regard the word as there used in a legal sense, since the [[Devil]] accuses men before God. </p> <div> <span> B — 1: <a> ἀντίκειμαι </a> </span> <div> <button> ► </button> </div> <span> ( <a> Strong's #480 </a> — [[Verb]] — antikeimai — an-tik'-i-mahee </span> ) </div> <p> is, lit., "to lie opposite to, to be set over against." [[In]] addition to its legal sense it signifies "to withstand;" the present participle of the verb with the article, which is equivalent to a noun, signifies "an adversary," e.g., <span> Luke 13:17 </span> ; <span> 21:15 </span> ; <span> 1 Corinthians 16:9 </span> ; <span> Philippians 1:28 </span> ; <span> 1 [[Timothy]] 5:14 </span> . This construction is used of the [[Man]] of Sin, in <span> 2 Thessalonians 2:4 </span> , and is translated "He that opposeth," where, adopting the noun form, we might render by "the opponent and self-exalter against..." In <span> [[Galatians]] 5:17 </span> it is used of the antagonism between the [[Holy]] [[Spirit]] and the flesh in the believer; in <span> 1 Timothy 1:10 </span> , of anything, in addition to persons, that is opposed to the doctrine of Christ. In these two places the word is rendered "contrary to." In the Sept. it is used of Satan, <span> [[Zechariah]] 3:1 </span> , and of men, <span> [[Job]] 13:24 </span> ; <span> [[Isaiah]] 66:6 </span> . [[See]] <a> CONTRARY </a> , <a> OPPOSE. </a> </p> <div> <span> C — 1: <a> ὑπεναντίος </a> </span> <div> <button> ► </button> </div> <span> ( <a> Strong's #5227 </a> — [[Adjective]] — hupenantios — hoop-en-an-tee'-os </span> ) </div> <p> "contrary, opposed," is a strengthened form of enantios (en, "in," and antios, "set against"). The intensive force is due to the preposition hupo. It is translated "contrary to," in <span> Colossians 2:14 </span> , of ordinances; in <span> Hebrews 10:27 </span> , "adversaries." In each place a more violent form of opposition is suggested than in the case of enantios. See <a> CONTRARY. </a> </p>

<p> <translit> ad´vẽr </translit> - <translit> sa </translit> - <translit> ri </translit> , <translit> ad´vẽr </translit> - <translit> sā̄̇ </translit> - <translit> ri </translit> : This word (in the singular or plural) is used in the [[Old]] [[Testament]] to render different [[Hebrew]] words. [[In]] thirty-two cases the word corresponds to the noun <span> צר </span> , <i> <translit> cār </translit> </i> , or the verb <span> צרר </span> , <i> <translit> cārar </translit> </i> ̌ . This noun is the ordinary word for "foe" or "adversary." In twelve passages the Hebrew word, of which "adversary" is the translation, is <span> שׂטן </span> , <i> <translit> sāṭān </translit> </i> = noun or <span> שׂטן </span> , <i> <translit> sāṭan </translit> </i> = verb. This stem means "to oppose," or "thwart" anyone in his purpose or claims. </p> <p> The angel of [[Yahweh]] was <i> <translit> sāṭān </translit> </i> to [[Balaam]] ( <span> [[Numbers]] 22:22 </span> ). The word often denotes a political adversary ( <span> 1 Kings 11:14 </span> , <span> 1 Kings 11:23 </span> , <span> 1 Kings 11:25 </span> ). In four cases (namely, [[Prologue]] to Job; <span> [[Zechariah]] 3:1 </span> , <span> Zechariah 3:2 </span> ; <span> 1 [[Chronicles]] 21:1 </span> ; <span> [[Psalm]] 109:6 </span> ) the [[King]] [[James]] [[Version]] retains [[Satan]] as the rendering. But it is only in 1 Chronicles that the word is used without the article, that is, strictly as a proper name. The [[Septuagint]] gives <span> διάβολος </span> , <i> <translit> diábolos </translit> </i> , as the rendering, and both in [[Job]] and Zechariah, Satan is portrayed as the "false accuser." In two cases "adversary" represents two Hebrew expressions which mean the "opponent in a suit" or "controversy" ( <span> Job 31:35 </span> ; <span> [[Isaiah]] 50:8 </span> ). </p> <p> In the New Testament "adversary" represents: (1) <span> αντικειμενοι </span> , <span> ἀντικείμενοι </span> , <i> <translit> antikeı́menoi </translit> </i> , the participle of a verb which means "to be set over against," "to be opposed" ( <span> [[Luke]] 13:17 </span> ; <span> Philippians 2:8 </span> ). (2) <span> ἀντίδικος </span> , <i> <translit> antı́dikos </translit> </i> , "opponent in a lawsuit," "prosecutor" ( <span> [[Matthew]] 5:25 </span> ; <span> Luke 12:58 </span> ; <span> Luke 18:3 </span> ; <span> 1 [[Peter]] 5:8 </span> ). According to the last passage the devil is the "accuser" or "prosecutor" of believers, but according to another writer they have an "advocate" or "counselor for the defense" with the [[Father]] ( <span> 1 [[John]] 2:1 </span> ). In one passage ( <span> Hebrews 10:27 </span> ) "adversary" represents a [[Greek]] word, <i> <translit> hupenantı́os </translit> </i> , which means "set over against," "contrary to" - a word used in classical Greek and in the Septuagint. </p>

<p> in Heb. properly <span> שָׂטָן </span> , <span> satan <span> ’ </span> </span> (i.e. <span> Satan, </span> as it signifies, when with the article), an opponent, e.g. in war, a <span> foe </span> ( <span> 1 Kings 5:18 </span> ; <span> 1 Kings 11:14 </span> ; 23:25; <span> 1 [[Samuel]] 29:4 </span> ), in the forum, a <span> plaintiff </span> ( <span> Psalms 109:6 </span> ; comp. <span> [[Zechariah]] 3:1-2 </span> ), or generally a <span> resister </span> ( <span> 2 Samuel 19:23 </span> ), as one that <span> blocks </span> the way ( <span> [[Numbers]] 22:23 </span> ; comp. <span> Numbers 22:32 </span> ). [[In]] [[Greek]] properly <span> ἀντίδικος </span> , one who <span> speaks against </span> us, e.g. in a suit, the <span> complainant </span> ( <span> [[Matthew]] 5:25 </span> ; <span> [[Luke]] 12:50 </span> ); or, generally, an <span> enemy </span> ( <span> Luke 18:3 </span> ), specially, the [[Devil]] ( <span> 1 [[Peter]] 5:8 </span> ). (See <a> ACCUSER </a> ). </p>