Difference between revisions of "Divination"

<p> &nbsp;Ezekiel 13:7. Used in [[Scripture]] of false systems of ascertaining the divine will, such as are allied to idolatry: as necromancy, which evoked the dead (&nbsp;1 Samuel 28:8); prognostication by arrows (&nbsp;Ezekiel 21:21). The arrows marked with names of places to be attacked were shaken (for "He made His arrows bright," translated, "He shook") together in a quiver; whichever came out first intimated the place selected; or else threw them in the air to see in alighting which way they inclined, toward [[Jerusalem]] or Ammon. Inspecting entrails. The healthy or unhealthy state of the sacrificial entrails intimated success or failure. In the Nineveh sculptures the king is represented with a cup in his right hand, his left hand resting on a bow, also two arrows in the right hand, possibly for divination. The "magicians" of Egypt in &nbsp;Genesis 41:8, ( '''''Chartumim''''' , from '''''Cheret''''' "a style" or pen,) were sacred "scribes" of the hieroglyphics, devoted to astrology, magic, etc.; else from Egyptian chertom, "wonder workers," or cher-tum, "bearers of sacred spells." </p> <p> Daniel was made "master of the magicians" (&nbsp;Daniel 5:11); '''''Chokmim''''' , wise men, our wizards (&nbsp;Exodus 7:11);" sorcerers" ( '''''Mekaskphim''''' ), "mutterers of magic formulae" (&nbsp;Isaiah 47:9-12). [[Jannes]] or Anna in Egyptian means "scribe," a frequent name in papyri of the time of [[Rameses]] II. Jambres, the other name of an Egyptian magician preserved by Paul (&nbsp;2 Timothy 3:8), means "scribe of the south." The earliest prohibition of witchcraft is &nbsp;Exodus 22:18, "thou shalt not suffer a witch to live." [[Witchcraft]] was an appeal to a power alien from God. So it was accounted rebellion against Jehovah. Saul's disobedience and rebellion against God's will led him, though zealous to extirpate witches so long as God's law did not interfere with his impatient self-will, at last to consult the witch of Endor; Samuel's words as to his disobedience in the case of [[Amalek]] proving prophetic, "rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is as iniquity and idolatry" (&nbsp;1 Samuel 15:23; compare &nbsp;1 Samuel 28:3-20). </p> <p> "So Saul died for his transgression (Hebrew shuffling evasion of obedience) ... and also for asking counsel of one that had a familiar spirit, to inquire of it" (&nbsp;1 Chronicles 10:13). "Wizards," '''''Yid'Oniym''''' , from '''''Yaada''''' "to know" (&nbsp;Leviticus 19:31). Consulters of "the dead," ''''''Oboth''''' (&nbsp;Leviticus 20:6), "those having familiar spirits" which they consulted to evoke the dead; literally, "bottles" (leather) inflated by the spirit; compare &nbsp;Job 32:19, "my belly is as wine which hath no vent ... ready to burst like new bottles." The pythonesses (margin of &nbsp;Acts 16:16) spoke with a deep voice as from the belly; by ventriloquism (Septuagint so translated "them that have familiar spirits," ventriloquists) they made a low voice sound ("peep and mutter") as from the grave or departed person's spirit (&nbsp;Isaiah 19:3; &nbsp;Isaiah 29:4). </p> <p> Scripture has written for all ages (&nbsp;Isaiah 8:19-20):"when they shall say, [[Seek]] unto them that have familiar spirits; and unto wizards that peep and that mutter, should not a people seek unto their God? (should they seek) for the (good of) the living to the dead? To the law and to the testimony ... if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them." This tests and condemns modern spiritualism, the sign of "the latter times and the last days" (&nbsp;1 Timothy 4:1), "seducing spirits and doctrines suggested by demons" (&nbsp;2 Timothy 3:1-8). The phenomena seem supernatural and Satanic, and the communications often lying, as was to be expected from "the father of lying" (&nbsp;John 8:44). The Angekoks, Esquimaux sorcerers, when converted, have declared that their sorceries, when they were heathen, were not mere impostures, that they were acted on by a power they could not control; but when they believed in Jesus they had neither the will nor the power to do what they used in their pagan state. </p> <p> [[Brainerd]] states the same as to the Indian diviners, namely, that all their former powers of divination departed the moment the word of God entered their souls. Satan's design in spiritualism is, judging from the alleged spirit communications, to supersede Scripture with another authority (namely, spirit communications) in matters of faith. Satan and his demons are the real speakers in these pretended communications from the spirits of the dead. The "associate spirit" of spiritualism answers to the Scripture "familiar spirit" of the wizards. The pythoness and the witch of [[Endor]] were each a "medium" between the consulters and the powers of darkness. The consulters are put en rapport with the latter, not really with the departed dead. Scripture (&nbsp;Ecclesiastes 9:5-6, "the dead know not anything ... neither have they any more a portion forever in anything done under the sun"; &nbsp;2 Kings 2:9; &nbsp;Luke 16:19-31) implies that it is not the spirits of the dead that make the alleged communications, though these communications assert that it is; this assertion is from a lying spirit, such as was in Ahab's prophets (&nbsp;1 Kings 22:22). </p> <p> The dead do not return, they are personated by evil spirits. [[Spiritualism]] is virtually condemned in &nbsp;Deuteronomy 18:10; &nbsp;2 Kings 17:17; &nbsp;2 Kings 21:6. "Sorcerers" are especially mentioned as about to abound with "lying wonders," and to be adjudged to damnation, at the Lord's coming again (&nbsp;2 Thessalonians 2:9-11; &nbsp;Malachi 3:5; &nbsp;Revelation 21:8; &nbsp;Revelation 22:15). The three frog-like demons out of the mouths of the anti-trinity, the dragon, the beast, and the false prophet, shall "work miracles" to tempt the ten kings under [[Antichrist]] to the last battle for the kingship of the world, against Christ, in "the great day of God Almighty" (&nbsp;Revelation 16:13-14; compare &nbsp;Zechariah 13:2; &nbsp;Matthew 24:24; &nbsp;Revelation 13:14-15). Paul was "grieved," so far was he from seeking and welcoming like spiritualists the pythoness' testimony to him (&nbsp;Acts 16:17-18); for the Spirit of Christ and the spirit of divination cannot dwell together in the same soul. </p> <p> God condemns those who "remain among the graves and lodge in the monuments" (&nbsp;Isaiah 65:4) for necromancy, to consult the dead. The warning in &nbsp;Isaiah 8:19-20; &nbsp;Mark 5:3, applies to all times. The witch of Endor was "mistress of a spirit by which the dead are conjured up" (&nbsp;1 Samuel 28:7, '''''Ba'Alath''''' ''''''Owb''''' ). Saul's request, "bring me him up whom I shall name," explains the previous "divine ( '''''Qacomi''''' ) unto me by the familiar spirit." The witch's recognizing Saul as soon as Samuel appeared proves that her art was not mere jugglery: "Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul"; she was in a state of clairvoyance. On the other hand, her "crying with a loud voice," startled at the sight of Samuel, shows that his appearance differed essentially from anything she had ever by demon art effected before. She tells Saul, "I saw gods (a supernatural being) ascending out of the earth ... an old man covered with a (prophet's) mantle" ( '''''Me'Il''''' ). </p> <p> Saul apparently did not see Samuel's person, but recognized the "mantle." Saul's inconsistency is convicted by Samuel: "wherefore then dost thou ask of me, seeing the Lord is departed from thee, and is become thine enemy?" If God was departed from him he should have been the more afraid to increase Jehovah's displeasure by breaking the laws in consulting the dead, as if they were less under God's control than the living. [[Abject]] superstition never reasons. Samuel's prophecy of his and his sons' death on the morrow, and Israel's defeat by the Philistines, proves Samuel's appearance to have been of God, and not by demoniac agency nor an illusion (&nbsp;Sirach 46:20). God for special reasons awakened His servant out of his repose ("why hast thou disquieted me," etc.) to appear, not at a conjuring call which He forbids, but to show the witch and the king the terrible penalty of disobedience and witchcraft, as he (Samuel) had long ago declared in more general terms when alive (&nbsp;1 Samuel 15:23; &nbsp;1 Samuel 28:17-19). </p> <p> Jehovah's principle is (&nbsp;Ezekiel 14:4; &nbsp;Ezekiel 14:7-8), "every man that setteth up his idols in his heart and putteth the stumbling-block of his iniquity before his face, and cometh to the prophet, I the Lord will answer him that cometh, according to the multitude of his idols, that I may take the house of [[Israel]] in their own heart ... I will answer him by Myself" (by My own special interposition), answering the fool according to his folly, making the sinner's sin his own punishment. In Egypt books containing magic formulae belonged exclusively to the king, the priests and wise men, who formed a college, being called in by [[Pharaoh]] when needful. The '''''Qecem''''' divined the future by any mode of taking omens, from a root "to cut." But the '''''Kashaph''''' , '''''Mekashphim''''' , "sorcerers" above, used fascinations and magic charms (&nbsp;Exodus 7:11; &nbsp;Exodus 22:18; &nbsp;Daniel 2:2; &nbsp;Deuteronomy 18:10). The '''''Me'Oneen''''' (&nbsp;2 Kings 21:6),"an observer of times," from ''''''Aanan''''' "to cover," using covert arts; or else from ''''''On''''' , "time," "fixed time"; those who define the exact auspicious time to travel, to traffic, etc.; or else "astrologers," who judge by the stars auspicious and inauspicious days. </p> <p> The [[Septuagint]] explain it of "observers of words," so as to decide by them whether success will attend an undertaking or not (&nbsp;Genesis 24:14; &nbsp;1 Samuel 14:9-10; &nbsp;1 Kings 20:33). Others take it from '''''''Αyin''''' , "the eye," "one fascinating with the eyes" (&nbsp;Matthew 20:15). "Monthly prognosticators" ( '''''Mod'Im''''' ), who every new moon professed by observations of it to foretell the future (&nbsp;Isaiah 47:13). '''''Μenachashim''''' , "charmers of serpents," from '''''Naachaash''''' , "serpent," "to augur." '''''Ηobreb Shamaim''''' , "dividers of the heavens," watching conjunctions and oppositions of the stars; in casting a nativity they observed the sign which arose at the time of one's birth, the mid heaven, the sign in the west opposite the horoscope, and the hypogee. </p> <p> Divination by rods is alluded to in &nbsp;Hosea 4:12, "their staff declareth unto them"; a rod stripped of bark on one side, not on the other, was thrown up; if the bore side alighted uppermost it was a good omen, otherwise a bad omen. The Arabs mark one rod God bids, the other God forbids; whichever came out first from the case decided the issue. [[Consultation]] of idols' oracles is referred to in &nbsp;2 Kings 1:2-6. The only true "oracle" ( '''''Debir''''' ) was the holy of holies (&nbsp;1 Kings 6:16; &nbsp;Psalms 28:2); previously, consultation of the Lord through the priest with the ephod (&nbsp;2 Samuel 2:1; &nbsp;2 Samuel 5:23). Our "oracles" are the Holy [[Scriptures]] (&nbsp;Acts 7:38; &nbsp;Romans 3:2). Of dealings in magic in the New [[Testament]] instances occur: Simon Magus (&nbsp;Acts 8:9-11); [[Elymas]] Bar Jesus (&nbsp;Acts 13:6; &nbsp;Acts 13:8); the pythoness (&nbsp;Acts 16:16's margin); the vagabond Jews, exorcists (&nbsp;Acts 19:13; &nbsp;Acts 19:19), the [[Ephesian]] books treating of "curious arts"; &nbsp;Galatians 5:20, "witchcraft"; &nbsp;Revelation 9:21, "sorceries." </p>

<p> The numerous references in scripture to the various forms of occult science, as it is now called, and the strong denunciations against the [[Israelites]] having anything to do with it, show that it was a dangerous reality, however much deception might at times have been associated with it. We read of it first in &nbsp;Genesis 41:8 , when Pharaoh called for all the magicians, <i> chartummim, </i> of Egypt and the wise men, to interpret his dream. All their resources failing, God's man in the prison was called forth to show the dream, and this proved the occasion of working out God's purposes respecting Joseph. [[Doubtless]] the above class of men were eminent for their learning, as those were at the court of Babylon, over whom Daniel was made chief. &nbsp;Daniel 4:7,9 . </p> <p> Among those in Egypt there were some at least who were able to exercise powers beyond what they obtained by human learning. When Moses was endeavouring by means of signs to convince Pharaoh of the power of God, the magicians of Egypt were able to turn their rods into serpents, and to simulate the first two plagues with their enchantments. &nbsp;Exodus 7:22; &nbsp;Exodus 8:7 . These plagues were 'turning the water into blood' and 'bringing up frogs upon the land.' This was beyond mere human power, and certainly the magicians did not work by the power of God; it must therefore have been by the power of Satan. We know not the nature of the enchantments used, the word is <i> lat, </i> and signifies 'secret, magic arts.' Satan can suggest what incantations to employ, if man is willing, and can exercise his powers as far as permitted by God. After the first two plagues the power was stopped, and the magicians had to own, whenlice were produced, "This is the finger of God." </p> <p> In &nbsp;Deuteronomy 18:10,11 there is a list of things bearing on our subject which were denounced by the Lord: </p> <p> 1. DIVINATION, <i> qesem, </i> 'prediction.' A remarkable passage in &nbsp;Ezekiel 21:21,22 gives some instances of how the heathen divined. The king of [[Babylon]] had come to two roads, and wanting to know whether he should take the road to [[Rabbath]] or to Jerusalem, resorted to divination. First 'he shook his arrows' (as it should be translated). Doubtless two or more arrows were marked each with the name of one of the cities, and shaken in the quiver, whichever arrow was taken by the right hand decided which road was to be taken. Jerusalem fell to the right hand. Perhaps the king was doubtful, so he consulted with images, <i> teraphim; </i> it is not known how these were used for divination: cf. &nbsp;Zechariah 10:2 . The king still sought another guide: 'he looked in the liver.' By certain set rules the intestines of a sacrifice were said to be propitious or the reverse. The king using <i> three </i> sets of prognostications shows that he had no great confidence in his divinations: he may have been often deceived by them previously. How different from an answer from God vouchsafed to Israel! </p> <p> Other means of divination are named, as, 'divining by the cup.' &nbsp;Genesis 44:5,15 . This was practised by the Egyptians and [[Persians]] and is thus described: small pieces of metal and stones, marked with signs were thrown into the cup, and answers gathered from the marks as they fell. Sometimes the cup was filled with water, and, as the sun fell upon the water, images were seen or fancied on its surface. Another reference is "My people ask counsel at their stocks and their staff declareth unto them." &nbsp;Hosea 4:12 . The Arabs used two rods, on one of which was written <i> God bids, </i> and on the other <i> God forbids, </i> these were shaken together, and the first that fell, or was drawn, was taken for the answer; or one rod was thrown up and the direction in which it pointed when it fell was answer. It will be seen here that a 'stock' or god was invoked that what the staff declared should be controlled by him. So in all divination, incantations were used, and the gods invoked to let the replies given be the most favourable. [[Behind]] all this we know there were demons who controlled the results given, so as to work out the purposes of Satan. </p> <p> In the Acts we find a damsel possessed with a spirit of divination, or of Python. This was the prophetic oracle at Delphi, held to be the centre and focus of [[Gentile]] divination. An evil spirit connected with that oracle possessed this young woman. The testimony of the evil spirit to the servants of the most high God is remarkable: it may have been compelled to speak thus when brought face to face with the power of God (as the demons owned Christ): but the apostle could not tolerate commendation from such a source — the spirit was cast out by a superior power. Her soothsaying or divination was stopped, and her master lost the source of his evil gains &nbsp;Acts 16:16-19 . </p> <p> 2. [[Observer Of Times]] or, as others translate it, 'a practiser of augury:' it may have included both. The word <i> is anan, </i> which is also translated 'enchanter, soothsayer, and sorcerer.' An observer of times had his lucky and unlucky days, and nothing must be set on foot without the gods being consulted. We have an instance of this in Esther, when [[Haman]] wanted to find a lucky day on which his plans against the Jews should be carried out. They resorted to the lot, but doubtless invoked their god to give it success. Others practised augury for the like purpose of ascertaining the will of their god. Thunder, lightning, observing the clouds, the flight of birds, or the appearance of certain birds, answered their questions. </p> <p> 3. [[Enchanter]] <i> nachash, </i> 'a whisperer.' This seems to refer to the songs sung or charms muttered as a preliminary to obtaining a response from the spirits they wished to consult. It was one of the things that [[Manasseh]] resorted to. &nbsp;2 Kings 21:6 . </p> <p> 4. [[Witch]] or [[Sorcerer]] The [[Hebrew]] word <i> is kashaph, </i> and refers to the practice of magical arts, with the intent to injure man or beast, or to pervert the mind; to bewitch. It may be that they had no power to injure another unless that person, out of curiosity or friendship, was a willing listener to the incantations used. Manasseh practised also this wickedness. &nbsp;2 Chronicles 33:6 . Nineveh is compared to a well-favoured harlot, the mistress of witchcrafts. &nbsp;Nahum 3:4 . The woman at Endor is usually called a witch. </p> <p> 5. [[Charmer]] from <i> chabar, </i> 'to join together, to fascinate.' It is associated with another word, <i> lachash, </i> 'to speak in a soft gentle manner,' and then is applied to the charming of serpents. &nbsp;Psalm 58:5 . In like manner man is deceived and disarmed of his aversion to intercourse with evil spirits until he finds himself under their sway. In &nbsp;Isaiah 19:3 another word, <i> ittim, </i> is translated 'charmer' with a similar meaning, as giving a gentle sound in the incantations of the sorcerers. </p> <p> 6. [[Consulter With Familiar Spirits]] The word <i> is ob, </i> which signifies 'a leathern bottle or skin,' and is supposed to imply that the persons alluded to were professedly inflated with a spirit. It occurs sixteen times and is translated in all the places as above. As an example of the meaning of this word we have the woman at Endor whom Saul consulted: she is said to have had a familiar spirit. Saul at once said to the woman, "Bring me him up whom I shall name unto thee." The woman, as soon as her life was secured by an oath, replied, "Whom shall I bring up unto thee?" Apparently it was her profession to call up departed spirits, but on this occasion she recognised the work of a superior power, for when she saw Samuel she cried with a loud voice. Samuel told Saul that he and his sons on the morrow would be with him. Whether having the power to call up departed spirits is always implied in the above word is not known. A remarkable thing, in connection with those who have a familiar spirit, is that apparently there is a voice heard 'out of the ground.' &nbsp;Isaiah 29:4 .* </p> <p> * It has been doubted by many whether it was really Samuel that arose, because of his being God's prophet. The woman had reckoned that her familiar demon would personate as usual: hence her fear when God allowed Samuel's spirit in this special instance to appear. Of course Satan can do nothing without God's permission, but it must be remembered that it is Satan that had the power of death, &nbsp;Hebrews 2:14; and both [[Hades]] and Death, as powers of Satan, will eventually be cast into the lake of fire. &nbsp;Revelation 20:14 . </p> <p> 7. [[Wizard]] from <i> yiddeoni, </i> 'a knowing, wise one.' The only thing said in scripture concerning such is that they 'chirp and mutter.' &nbsp;Isaiah 8:19 . This was doubtless a part of their incantations, used to bewilder those who came for advice, and needful perhaps to arouse to action the spirit they wished to consult. The counsel may have been good at times in order the more effectually to draw the deluded ones under the influence of the evil spirits. </p> <p> 8. [[Necromancer]] from <i> darash methim, </i> 'to consult the dead.' This occurs only in &nbsp;Deuteronomy 18:11 , though the same is implied in &nbsp;Isaiah 8:19; Should the living go to the dead? should they not seek unto their God? And in &nbsp;Psalm 106:28 we read of some who 'ate the sacrifices of the dead,' which may have been a preliminary to consulting them. The above is the list given in &nbsp; Deuteronomy 18:10,11; a few still demand attention. </p> <p> 9. ASTROLOGERS, <i> habar shamaym, </i> 'dividers of the heavens' for astrological purposes. &nbsp;Isaiah 47:13 . The word for 'astrologers' throughout Daniel is a different word, <i> ashshaph, </i> and does not imply any connection with the heavens, but is rather 'sorcerers' or 'enchanters,' as we read with reference to Babylon in &nbsp;Isaiah 47:9,12 , where a multitude of sorceries and great abundance of enchantments are spoken of. Along with the [[Babylonish]] astrologers in &nbsp;Isaiah 47:13 are associated [[Star-Gazers]] who may have prognosticated events from the altered positions of the planets in respect to the stars. To this is added [[Monthly Prognosticators]] who probably drew their deductions from the moon. Connected with Babylon is also the word [[Soothsayer]] <i> gezar, </i> 'to divide, determine fate or destiny' by any pretended means of predicting events. </p> <p> In the N.T., besides the case referred to of the damsel possessed by a spirit of Python, we read of others, such as Simon who used sorcery and bewitched the people of [[Samaria]] for a long time, &nbsp;Acts 8:9-11; and Elymas the sorcerer, a Jew who was met with in Cyprus, who perverted the right ways of the Lord. &nbsp;Acts 13:6,8 . These used magical arts (called 'curious arts' in &nbsp;Acts 19:19 ) and bewitched the people. Another word is used for sorceries in the Revelation, φαρμακεία, which refers to drugs, 'to stupefy with drugs,' and then for any system of sorcery by incantations. &nbsp;Revelation 9:21; &nbsp;Revelation 18:23; cf. &nbsp;Revelation 21:8; &nbsp;Revelation 22:15 . [[Sorcery]] is classed with the grossest of sins, and is also applied to the professing church in mystical Babylon. The same word is translated 'witchcraft' in &nbsp;Galatians 5:20 . </p> <p> The above is a brief glance at the subtle power of Satan in the unseen world, by which he deludes mankind, at least where man is the willing victim. Is it not clear that divination should not be confounded with mere jugglery? However much that may be associated with it, the real power of Satan is behind it. Some sorcerers converted in modern times in various parts of the earth have confessed that they were controlled by a power beyond their own; but that it ceased entirely on their believing and confessing Christ. It is important to see that this power is of Satan, because of thegreat increase in the present day of attempting to have intercourse with the spirits of the dead, to which even Christians may be, and indeed have been, drawn out of mere curiosity. "Let no man beguile you of your reward . . . . intruding into those things which he hath not seen, vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind." &nbsp;Colossians 2:18 . </p>

<p> The Eastern people were fond of divination, magic, and the pretended art of interpreting dreams and acquiring a knowledge of futurity. When Moses published the law, this disposition had long been common in Egypt and the neighboring countries; and to correct the Israelites inclination to consult diviners, wizards, fortune-tellers, and interpreters of dreams, it was forbidden them under very severe penalties, and the true spirit of prophecy was promised to them as infinitely superior, &nbsp;Exodus 22:18 &nbsp; Leviticus 19:26,31 &nbsp; 20:27 . Those were to be stoned who pretended to have a familiar spirit, or the spirit of divination, &nbsp;Deuteronomy 18:9-12; and the prophecies are full of invectives against the [[Israelite]] who consulted such, as well as against false prophets, who seduced the people, &nbsp;Isaiah 8:19 &nbsp; 47:11 - &nbsp;14 &nbsp; Ezekiel 13:6-9 . A fresh impulse to these superstitions was gained from intercourse with the Chaldeans, during the reign of the later kings of Judah and the captivities in Babylon, &nbsp;2 Kings 21:6 &nbsp; 2 Chronicles 33:6 . See [[Magic]] , [[Sorcerers]] </p> <p> Divination was of several kinds: by water, fire, earth, air; by the fight of birds, and their singing; by lots, dreams, arrows, clouds, entrails of sacrifices, pretended communication with spirits, etc., &nbsp;Ezekiel 21:21 . </p>

<div> '''1: '''''Πύθων''''' ''' (Strong'S #4436 — Noun Masculine — puthon — poo'-thone ) </div> <p> (Eng., "python"), in Greek mythology was the name of the Pythian serpent or dragon, dwelling in Pytho, at the foot of mount Parnassus, guarding the oracle of Delphi, and slain by Apollo. [[Thence]] the name was transferred to [[Apollo]] himself. Later the word was applied to diviners or soothsayers, regarded as inspired by Apollo. Since demons are the agents inspiring idolatry, &nbsp;1 Corinthians 10:20 , the young woman in &nbsp;Acts 16:16 was possessed by a demon instigating the cult of Apollo, and thus had "a spirit of divination." </p>

<li> Through his prophets God revealed himself, and gave intimations of his will (&nbsp;2 Kings 13:17; &nbsp;Jeremiah 51:63,64 ). <div> <p> '''Copyright Statement''' These dictionary topics are from M.G. Easton [[M.A., DD]]  Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, published by [[Thomas]] Nelson, 1897. Public Domain. </p> <p> '''Bibliography Information''' Easton, Matthew George. Entry for 'Divination'. Easton's Bible Dictionary. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/ebd/d/divination.html. 1897. </p> </div> </li>