Difference between revisions of "Judgment Hall"

<p> Latin praetorium Graecized (&nbsp;John 18:28; &nbsp;John 18:33; &nbsp;John 19:9; &nbsp;Acts 23:35). It is translated &nbsp;Matthew 27:27; &nbsp;Mark 15:16, "common hall"; and in &nbsp;Philippians 1:13 "palace." It is Pilate's residence when at Jerusalem, where Jesus was examined, scourged, and mocked. The Jews, to avoid defilement before the Passover, waited outside, near the judgment seat which was erected on the pavement before the Praetorium, and on which [[Pilate]] sat in pronouncing sentence. Probably the tower of [[Antonia]] was the [[Praetorium]] of Pilate. </p> <p> Herod was then at Jerusalem, doubtless in his father's palace, which therefore is distinct from the Praetorium (&nbsp;Luke 23:7). However [[Josephus]] (B. J. 2:14, section 8) represents the Roman governor as sometimes residing in Herod's palace, and setting up his judgment seat in front of it. (See [[Jerusalem]] .) In &nbsp;Acts 23:35 Herod's Praetorium was part of the magnificent buildings erected by king Herod (Josephus, Ant. 20:9, section 6, B. J. 1:21, section 5-8), used as the official residence and head quarters of [[Felix]] at Caesarea. "Palace," in &nbsp;Philippians 1:13, means the quarters of praetorian guards immediately attached to Caesar's palace on Mount [[Palatine]] (compare &nbsp;Philippians 4:22; &nbsp;Acts 28:16). </p>

<p> '''Judgment Hall.''' The word ''Prætorium'' is so translated five times in the A. V. of the New Testament, and in those five passages it denotes two different places. 1. In &nbsp;John 18:28; &nbsp;John 18:33; &nbsp;John 19:9, it is the residence, R. V., "palace," which Pilate occupied when he visited Jerusalem. The site of Pilate's prætorium in Jerusalem has given rise to much dispute, some supposing it to be the palace of king Herod, others the tower of Antonia; but it was probably the latter, which was then and long afterward the citadel of Jerusalem. 2. In &nbsp;Acts 23:35 Herod's judgment hall (R. V. reads palace) or prætorium in [[Cæsarea]] was doubtless a part of that magnificent range of buildings the erection of which by king Herod is described in Josephus. The word "palace," or "Caesar's court," in the A. V., &nbsp;Philippians 1:13, R. V., "prætorian," is a translation of the same word prætorium. It may here have denoted the quarter of that detachment of the prætorian guards which was in immediate attendance upon the emperor, and had barracks in Mount Palatine at Rome. </p>

<p> ''''' juj´ment hȯl ''''' ( τὸ πραιτώριον , <i> ''''' tó ''''' </i> <i> ''''' praitṓrion ''''' </i> , "Then led they Jesus ... unto the hall of judgment ... and they themselves went not into the judgment hall" (&nbsp; John 18:28 the King James Version); "Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again" (&nbsp; John 18:33 the King James Version); "(Pilate) went again into the judgment hall" (&nbsp; John 19:9 ); "He commanded him to be kept in Herod's judgment hall" (&nbsp;Acts 23:35 )): </p> <p> "Judgment hall" is one of the ways in which the King James Version translates <i> ''''' praitōrion ''''' </i> , which it elsewhere renders "Praetorium" (&nbsp; Mark 15:16 ); "the common hall" (&nbsp;Matthew 27:27 ). In this passage the English Revised Version renders it "palace"; in &nbsp;John 18:33; &nbsp;John 19:9; &nbsp;Acts 23:35 , "palace" is also given by the English Revised Version; in &nbsp;Philippians 1:13 , the King James Version renders, "palace," while the Revised Version (British and American) gives "the praetorian guard." <i> '''''Praitōrion''''' </i> accordingly is translated in all these ways, "Praetorium," "the common hall," "the judgment hall," "the palace," "the praetorian guard." In the passages In the Gospels, the American Standard Revised Version renders uniformly "Praetorium." </p> <p> The word originally meant the headquarters in the Roman camp, the space where the general's tent stood, with the camp altar; the tent of the commander-in-chief. It next came to mean the military council, meeting in the general's tent. Then it came to be applied to the palace in which the Roman governor or procurator of a province resided. In Jerusalem it was the magnificent palace which Herod the Great had built for himself, and which the Roman procurators seem to have occupied when they came from Caesarea to Jerusalem to transact public business. </p> <p> <i> ''''' Praitōrion ''''' </i> in &nbsp; Philippians 1:13 has been variously rendered, "the camp of the praetorian soldiers," "the praetorian guard," etc. For what is now believed to be its true meaning, see Praetorium . </p>