Difference between revisions of "Translation"

<p> (μετάθεσις) </p> <p> The word ‘translation’ is used of [[Enoch]] ( <i> q.v. </i> [Note: .v. quod vide, which see.]) in &nbsp;Hebrews 11:5. The reference is to &nbsp;Genesis 5:24, where we read: ‘he was not; for God took (לָקַת) him,’ the Septuaginttranslation being οὐχ εὑρίσκετο, ὄτι μετέθηκεν αὐτὸν ὁ θεός. The ‘translation’ of Enoch is mentioned in &nbsp;Sirach 44:18 (cf. also &nbsp;Sirach 49:14, ‘he was taken up from the earth’), and is probably alluded to in &nbsp;Wisdom of [[Solomon]] 4:7; &nbsp;Wisdom of Solomon 4:10: ‘a righteous man, though he die before his time, shall be at rest … and while living among sinners he was translated.’ The NT passage adds an interpretation of the ‘translation,’ namely, ‘that he should not see death,’ whereas the passages in Gen. and Sir. need not necessarily mean anything but a holy death; but it was undoubtedly the common belief that Enoch did not die. The similar word μεθίστημι is used of king Saul’s death in &nbsp;Acts 13:22, and metaphorically in &nbsp;Colossians 1:13 of our translation into the [[Kingdom]] of the Son. </p> <p> A. J. Maclean. </p>

<p> In the ecclesiastical sense of the word, is the removing of a bishop from one see to another. It is also used for the version of a book or writing into a different language from that in which it was written. In translating the Scriptures, great knowledge and caution are necessary. Dr. [[Campbell]] lays down three fundamental rules for translating: </p> <p> 1. The translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original. </p> <p> 2. The style and manner of the original should be preserved. </p> <p> 3. The translation should have all the ease of original composition. He observes that the difficulties found in translating the [[Scriptures]] arise, </p> <p> 1. From the singularity of [[Jewish]] customs. </p> <p> 2. From the poverty (as appears) of their native language. </p> <p> 3. From the fewness of the books extant in it. </p> <p> 4. From the symbolical style of the prophets. </p> <p> 5. From the excessive influence which a previous acquaintance with translations have occasioned. </p> <p> And, </p> <p> 6. From pre-possessions, in what way soever acquired, in regard to religious tenets. [[Notwithstanding]] these difficulties, however, the divines employed by King James to translate the Old and New Testaments, have given us a translation which, with a very few exceptions, can scarcely be improved. These divines were profoundly skilled in the learning as well as in the languages of the East; whilst some of those who have presumed to improve their version, seem not to have possessed a critical knowledge of the Greek tongue, to have known still less of the Hebrew, and to have been absolute strangers to the dialect spoken in [[Judea]] in the days of our Saviour, as well as to the manners, customs, and peculiar opinions of the Jewish sects. "Neither, " as one observes, "metaphysical acuteness, nor the most perfect knowledge of the principles of translation in general, will enable a man knows not accurately, and therefore cannot give a complete transcript in the ideas of the original work." </p> <p> See BIBLE; Mr. Tyler's [[Essay]] on the [[Principles]] of Translation; and Dr. Campbell's Preliminary Dissertations to his translation of the Gospels. </p>

<p> '''(1):''' ''' (''' n.) The act of translating, removing, or transferring; removal; also, the state of being translated or removed; as, the translation of Enoch; the translation of a bishop. </p> <p> '''(2):''' ''' (''' n.) The act of rendering into another language; interpretation; as, the translation of idioms is difficult. </p> <p> '''(3):''' ''' (''' n.) That which is obtained by translating something a version; as, a translation of the Scriptures. </p> <p> '''(4):''' ''' (''' n.) A transfer of meaning in a word or phrase, a metaphor; a tralation. </p> <p> '''(5):''' ''' (''' n.) [[Transfer]] of meaning by association; association of ideas. </p> <p> '''(6):''' ''' (''' n.) [[Motion]] in which all the points of the moving body have at any instant the same velocity and direction of motion; - opposed to rotation. </p>

<p> TRANSLA'TION, n. L. translatio. </p> 1. The act of removing or conveying from one place to another removal as the translation of a disease from the foot to the breast. 2. The removal of a bishop from one see to another. 3. The removal of a person to heaven without subjecting him to death. 4. The act of turning into another language interpretation as the translation of [[Virgil]] or Homer. 5. That which is produced by turning into another language a version. We have a good translation of the Scriptures.