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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament <ref name="term_56067" /> == | | == International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_4498" /> == |
| <p> (χάλαζα) </p> <p> The invariable biblical conception of hail is correctly represented in Wisdom of [[Solomon]] 5:22 : ‘As from an engine of war shall be hurled hailstones full of wrath.’ Typical instances of the use of hail as a weapon of [[Divine]] judgment and warfare are found in Exodus 9:18 f., Joshua 10:11. Like other destructive natural forces, it is a familiar category in apocalyptic prophecy. It is always regarded as a ‘plague’ (πληγή, Revelation 16:21). ‘Hail and fire,’ ‘lightnings … and great hail,’ occur together ( Revelation 8:7, Revelation 11:19), as in Exodus 9:24 : ‘hail, and fire mingling with (flashing continually amidst) the hail.’ Thunderstorms often arise ‘under the conditions that are favourable to the formation of hail, <i> i.e. </i> great heat, a still atmosphere, the production of strong local convection currents in consequence, and the passage of a cold upper drift’ ( <i> Encyclopaedia Britannica </i> 11 xii. 820), True hail, which is to be distinguished from so-called ‘soft hail,’ is formed of clear or granular ice. Impinging hailstones are often frozen together, and sometimes great ragged masses of ice fall with disastrous results to life and property. The seventh angel having poured his bowl upon the air, ‘great hail, every stone about a talent in weight, cometh down out of heaven upon men’ ( Revelation 16:21). [[Diodorus]] Siculus (xix. 45) writes of storms in which ‘the size of the hail was incredible, for the stones fell a mina in weight, sometimes even more, so that many houses fell under their weight and not a few men were killed.’ The mina was about 2 lbs.-the sixtieth part of a talent. </p> <p> James Strahan. </p> | | <p> ''''' hāl ''''' ( בּרד , < i> ''''' bārādh ''''' </ i> ; χάλαζα , < i> ''''' chálaza ''''' </ i> ): </p> 1. Its Occurrence <p> Hail usually falls in the spring or summer during severe thunder storms. [[ Hailstones]] are made up of alternate layers of ice and snow, and sometimes reach considerable size, causing great damage by their fall. [[ Upward]] currents of air carry up raindrops already formed to the colder regions above, where they freeze, and as they again pass through layers of cloud, their bulk increases until, too heavy to be carried by the current, they fall to the ground. Hailstorms, like thunder storms, occur in narrow belts a few miles in breadth and are of short duration. Almost without exception they occur in the daytime. If they take place before the time of harvest they do great damage to grain and fruit, and in extreme cases have injured property and endangered life. </p> 2. In Syria <p> Hailstorms, while by no means common in Syria and Palestine, are not unusual and are of great severity. They occasionally take place in Egypt. Within a few years hailstones of unusual size fell in Port Said, breaking thousands of windows. </p> 3. Biblical Instances <p> (1) The plague of hail ( Exodus 9:23-24; Psalm 78:47 ), which was a local storm, as they usually are, falling on the [[Egyptians]] and not striking the children of [[Israel]] in Goshen. It was of great severity. "There was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation" ( Exodus 9: 24 ) . It took place in January, for the barley "was in the ear, and the flax was in bloom" ( Exodus 9: 31 ), and caused great damage. ( 2) After the battle with the [[Amorites]] at Gibeon, "Yahweh cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword" ( Joshua 10:11 ). </p> 4. As [[Punishment]] <p> Hail is often spoken of as a means of punishing the wicked: "As a tempest of hail ... will he cast down" ( Isaiah 28: 2 ); "The hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies" ( Isaiah 28: 17 ); and as symbols of God' s anger: "I will rain ... great hailstones, fire, and brimstone" ( Ezekiel 38: 22 ); "There shall be ... great hailstones in wrath to consume it " ( Ezekiel 13: 13; compare Isaiah 30: 30; Haggai 2:17 ; Revelation 8:7; Revelation 11:19; Revelation 16:21 ). </p> 5. God's Power < p> Yahweh' s power and wisdom are shown in controlling the hail: " Hast thou seen the treasuries of the hail?" ( Job 38: 22 ); "Fire and hail, snow and vapor ... fulfilling his word" ( Psalm 148:8 ). </p> |
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| == Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_125075" /> ==
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| <p> '''(1):''' ''' (''' n.) Small roundish masses of ice precipitated from the clouds, where they are formed by the congelation of vapor. The separate masses or grains are called hailstones. </p> <p> '''(2):''' ''' (''' v. t.) To call loudly to, or after; to accost; to salute; to address. </p> <p> '''(3):''' ''' (''' v. t.) To name; to designate; to call. </p> <p> '''(4):''' ''' (''' n.) A wish of health; a salutation; a loud call. </p> <p> '''(5):''' ''' (''' v. t.) An exclamation of respectful or reverent salutation, or, occasionally, of familiar greeting. </p> <p> '''(6):''' ''' (''' v. i.) To report as one's home or the place from whence one comes; to come; - with from. </p> <p> '''(7):''' ''' (''' v. i.) To declare, by hailing, the port from which a vessel sails or where she is registered; hence, to sail; to come; - used with from; as, the steamer hails from New York. </p> <p> '''(8):''' ''' (''' a.) Healthy. See [[Hale]] (the preferable spelling). </p> <p> '''(9):''' ''' (''' v. t.) To pour forcibly down, as hail. </p> <p> '''(10):''' ''' (''' v. i.) To pour down particles of ice, or frozen vapors. </p>
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| == King James Dictionary <ref name="term_60603" /> ==
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| <p> HAIL, n. Masses of ice or frozen vapor, falling from the clouds in showers or storms. These masses consist of little spherules united, but not all of the same consistence some being as hard and solid as perfect ice others soft, like frozen snow. [[ Hailstones]] assume various figures some are round, others angular, others pyramidical, others flat, and sometimes they are stellated with six radii, like crystals of snow. </p> <p> HAIL, To pour down masses of ice or frozen vapors. </p> <p> HAIL, To pour. </p> <p> HAIL, a. Gr. whole. Sound whole healthy not impaired by disease as a hail body hail corn. In this sense, it is usually written hale. </p> <p> HAIL, an exclamation, or rather a verb in the imperative mode, being the adjective hail, used as a verb. Hail, be well be in health health to you a term of salutation, equivalent to L. salve, salvete. </p> <p> Hail, hail, brave friend. </p> <p> HAIL, n. A wish of health a salutation. This word is sometimes used as a noun as, the angel hail bestowed. </p> <p> HAIL, L. calo. See Call and Heal. To call to call to a person at a distance, to arrest his attention. It is properly used in any case where the person accosted is distant, but is appropriately used by seamen. Hoa or hoi, the ship ahoay, is the usual manner of hailing to which the answer is holloa, or hollo. Then follow the usual questions, whence came ye? where are you bound? &c. </p> | |
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| == Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types <ref name="term_197889" /> ==
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| <p> Job 38:22 (c) This scourge represents the wisdom and the power of GOD in judging His enemies and punishing those who refuse His Presence, and His Word. </p> <p> Isaiah 28:2 (a) By this type we are taught that the judgment of GOD which man cannot hinder nor prevent will whip His enemies, and spoil their labor. GOD is a righteous GOD and will judge His foes with dire punishment. </p> <p> Isaiah 32:19 (a) The Lord is informing us by this type that when He judges and punishes His enemies, His own people will be safe and secure. This condition existed in Egypt when the hail destroyed the crops of the Egyptians, but did not spoil the crops of the Israelites. </p> <p> Revelation 8:7 (a) Here is described another of GOD's judgments on men, and it probably is a literal judgment, with literal ice falling with tremendous force to destroy the works of men. (See also Revelation 11:19; Revelation 16:21. </p>
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| == Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_66569" /> ==
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| <p> Particles of ice falling from the clouds. Though hail is usually formed by natural causes not yet perhaps well understood, it is often referred to in scripture as one of the judgements of God. It formed one of the plagues in Egypt. Exodus 9:18-34; Psalm 78:47,48; Psalm 105:32; and is at times connected with fire or lightning. God smote the [[Amalekites]] by 'great stones' from heaven. Joshua 10:11 . The hail is called upon to praise Jehovah, because it fulfils His word. Psalm 148:8; Isaiah 28:2,17; Haggai 2:17 . It will also form a notable part of the judgements of God in His future dealings with this guilty world. Revelation 8:7; Revelation 11:19; Revelation 16:21 . </p> | |
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| == Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_77927" /> ==
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| <div> '''1: χάλαζα ''' (Strong'S #5464 Noun [[Feminine]] chalaza khal'-ad-zah ) </div> <p> akin to chalao, "to let loose, let fall," is always used as an instrument of Divine judgment, and is found in the NT in Revelation 8:7; 11:19; 16:21 . </p>
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| == Easton's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_31838" /> ==
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| Exodus 9:23 Haggai 2:17 Joshua 10:11 Ezekiel 13:11 Revelation 8:7 11:19 16:21 | |
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| == Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_51472" /> ==
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| <p> <strong> HAIL </strong> . See [[Plagues]] of Egypt. </p>
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| ==References == | | ==References == |
| <references> | | <references> |
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| <ref name="term_56067"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-new-testament/hail Hail from Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament]</ref> | | <ref name="term_4498"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/hail+(1) Hail from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref> |
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| <ref name="term_125075"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/webster-s-dictionary/hail Hail from Webster's Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_60603"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/king-james-dictionary/hail Hail from King James Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_197889"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/wilson-s-dictionary-of-bible-types/hail Hail from Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_66569"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/hail Hail from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_77927"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/vine-s-expository-dictionary-of-nt-words/hail Hail from Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_31838"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/easton-s-bible-dictionary/hail Hail from Easton's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
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| <ref name="term_51472"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/hail Hail from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
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| </references> | | </references> |
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [1]
hāl ( בּרד , bārādh ; χάλαζα , chálaza ):
1. Its Occurrence
Hail usually falls in the spring or summer during severe thunder storms. Hailstones are made up of alternate layers of ice and snow, and sometimes reach considerable size, causing great damage by their fall. Upward currents of air carry up raindrops already formed to the colder regions above, where they freeze, and as they again pass through layers of cloud, their bulk increases until, too heavy to be carried by the current, they fall to the ground. Hailstorms, like thunder storms, occur in narrow belts a few miles in breadth and are of short duration. Almost without exception they occur in the daytime. If they take place before the time of harvest they do great damage to grain and fruit, and in extreme cases have injured property and endangered life.
2. In Syria
Hailstorms, while by no means common in Syria and Palestine, are not unusual and are of great severity. They occasionally take place in Egypt. Within a few years hailstones of unusual size fell in Port Said, breaking thousands of windows.
3. Biblical Instances
(1) The plague of hail ( Exodus 9:23-24; Psalm 78:47 ), which was a local storm, as they usually are, falling on the Egyptians and not striking the children of Israel in Goshen. It was of great severity. "There was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation" ( Exodus 9:24 ). It took place in January, for the barley "was in the ear, and the flax was in bloom" ( Exodus 9:31 ), and caused great damage. (2) After the battle with the Amorites at Gibeon, "Yahweh cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword" ( Joshua 10:11 ).
4. As Punishment
Hail is often spoken of as a means of punishing the wicked: "As a tempest of hail ... will he cast down" ( Isaiah 28:2 ); "The hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies" ( Isaiah 28:17 ); and as symbols of God's anger: "I will rain ... great hailstones, fire, and brimstone" ( Ezekiel 38:22 ); "There shall be ... great hailstones in wrath to consume it" ( Ezekiel 13:13; compare Isaiah 30:30; Haggai 2:17; Revelation 8:7; Revelation 11:19; Revelation 16:21 ).
5. God's Power
Yahweh's power and wisdom are shown in controlling the hail: "Hast thou seen the treasuries of the hail?" ( Job 38:22 ); "Fire and hail, snow and vapor ... fulfilling his word" ( Psalm 148:8 ).
References
