Difference between revisions of "Andronicus"

<p> ( '''''Ἀνδρόνικος''''' '', Man-Conquering'' ) '','' the name (frequent among the Greeks) of several men in [[Scripture]] history. </p> <p> '''1.''' An officer left as viceroy ( '''''Διαδεχόμενος''''' '','' &nbsp;2 Maccabees 4:31) in Antioch by Antiochus Epiphanes during his absence (B.C. 171). [[Menelaus]] availed himself of the opportunity to secure his Lrood offices by offering him some golden vessels which he had taken from the temple. When [[Onias]] III (q.v.) was certainly assured that the sacrilege had been committed, he sharply reproved Menelaus for the crime, having previously taken refuge in the sanctuary of [[Apollo]] and [[Artemis]] at Daphne. At the instigation of Menelaus, Andronicus induced Onias to leave the sanctuary, and immediately put him to death in prison ( '''''Παρέκλεισεν''''' , &nbsp;2 Maccabees 4:34?) This murder excited general indignation; and on the return of Antiochus, Andronicus was publicly degraded and executed (2 Maccabees 4:3038), B.C. 169. [[Josephus]] places the death of Onias before the high- priesthood of [[Jason]] (Ant. 12, 5, 1), and omits all mention of Andronicus; but there is not sufficient reason to doubt the truthfulness of the narrative in 2 Maccabees, as Wernsdorf has done (De fide libr. Macc. p. 90 sq.). '''''—''''' Smith, s.v. </p> <p> '''2.''' Another officer of Antiochus Epiphanes who was left by him on [[Gerizim]] (&nbsp;2 Maccabees 5:23), probably in occupation of the temple there. As the name was common, it seems unreasonable to identify this general with the former one, and so to introduce a contradiction into the history (Ewald, ''Gesch. D. Volkes Isr.'' 4, 335 n.; comp. Grimm, &nbsp;2 Maccabees 4:38). He was possibly the same with the Andronicus, son of Messalamus, mentioned by Josephus ( ''Ant.'' 13, 3, 4) as having convinced [[Ptolemy]] (Philometor) of the orthodoxy of the temple at [[Jerusalem]] in opposition to that of the Samaritans. </p> <p> '''3.''' A Jewish Christian, the kinsman and fellow-prisoner of Paul, who speaks of him as having been converted to [[Christianity]] before himself, and as now enjoying the high regards of the apostles for his usefulness (&nbsp;Romans 16:7), A.D. 55. According to Hippolytus, he became bishop of Pannonia; according to Dorotheus, of Spain. See the treatises of Bose, De Andronico et Junio (Lips. 1742); Orlog, De Romanis quibus [[Paulus]] epistolam misit (Hafn. 1722). </p> <p> the name of several saints commemorated in various early calendars: </p> <p> '''(1)''' saint, April 5 (Bede); </p> <p> '''(2)''' May 13 (Jerome); </p> <p> '''(3)''' "apostle," with Junia (&nbsp;Romans 16:2), May 17 (Byzant.); finding of relics, Feb. 22 (ibid.); </p> <p> '''(4)''' Sept. 27 (Jerome); </p> <p> '''(5)''' "holy father," Oct. 9 (Byzant.); </p> <p> '''(6)''' martyr, Oct. 10 (Jerome), Oct. 11 (old Rom.), Oct. 12 (Byzant.). </p> <p> (See [[Andronicians]]). </p>

<p> ''''' an ''''' - ''''' dro ''''' - ''''' nı̄´kus ''''' ( Ἀνδρόνικος , <i> ''''' Andrónikos ''''' </i> ): </p> <p> (1) A deputy of Antiochus Epiphanes, who, while ruling at Antioch, excited the [[Jews]] by the murder of Onias, and, upon their formal complaint, was executed by his superior (2 Macc 4:32-38); generally distinguished from another officer of the same name, also under Antiochus (2 Macc 5:23). </p> <p> (2) A kinsman of Paul, residing at Rome (&nbsp;Romans 16:7 ). He had been converted to Christianity before Paul, and, like Paul, had suffered imprisonment, although when and where can only be surmised. When he and Junias, another kinsman of Paul, are referred to as "of note among the apostles," this may be interpreted as either designating the high esteem in which they were held by the Twelve, or as reckoning them in the number of apostles. The latter is the sense, if "apostle" be understood here in the more general meaning, used in &nbsp;Acts 14:14 of Barnabas, in &nbsp; 2 Corinthians 8:23 of Titus, in &nbsp; Philippians 2:25 of Epaphroditus, and in the <i> [[Didache]] </i> of "the traveling evangelists or missionaries who preached the gospel from place to place" (Schaff, <i> The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles </i> , 67; see also Lightfoot on <i> Philippians </i> , 196). On this assumption, Andronicus was one of the most prominent and successful of the traveling missionaries of the early church. </p>